树鼩PD-1基因的分离、鉴定及表达分析

cDNA序列.序列分析显示树鼩PD-1 cDNA 的开放阅读框编码一个由242个氨基酸组成的跨膜蛋白,并且和人类、灵长类和啮齿类中的同源基因有高度相似性.组织分布分析表明在所检测的几种组织中PD-1基因只在脾中表达.此外,淋巴细胞刺激实验显示,利用PMA和ionomycin刺激新鲜分离的树鼩外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)能够诱导PD-1 mRNA水平上的表达.我们的结果为将来进一步探讨树鼩的免疫功能提供了良好的基础.

The experimental research of R-phycoerythrin subunits on cancer treatment: A new photosensitizer in PDT

The mouse tumor cell 5180 and human liver carcinoma cell SMC 7721 cells were first treated with R-PE and its subunits (alpha, beta, gamma subunits), then irradiated with Argon laser (496 nm, 28.8 J/cm(2)). Survival rate was measured by MTT method. In order to compare the phototoxicity in normal cells, the mouse marrow cells were treated with photofrin II and beta-subunit, irradiated with 45 J/cm(2) of light; survival rate was also measured by MTT method. The result showed that R-PE subunits had better PDT effect on s180 cells than R-PE and lower phototoxicity in marrow cells than photofrin II Flow cytometric analysis showed that PDT results in a growth inhibition and a G(0)-G(1) cell cycle arrest in SMC 7721 cells. The tumor cells inhibited by PDT in vivo were morphologically observed by TEM, the tumor cell death was daze to the occlusion of tumor blood vessels and inducement of cell programmed death in nuclei. Therefore, with the advantage in special fluorescence activity, loth molecular weight, good light absorbent character and weak phototoxicity, R-PE subunit is art attractive option for improving the selectivity of PDT.

碳陶瓷纳米复合材料电极

本论文从超分子化学和纳米材料的角度探讨了如何制备高稳定的、电化学可逆的、表面可更新的溶胶－凝胶碳陶瓷电极，主要研究结果如下：1．首次通过粉末X－射线衍射实验确证了通过溶胶－凝胶反应制备PMo_(12)／甲基硅酸盐准分子水平杂化材料的可行性，进而制备出可更新表面的、高稳定的杂多酸修饰电极。2．对1,10-菲咯啉-5, 6-二酮（PD）和六氟磷酸三（1,10-菲咯啉-5, 6-二酮）合铁 (II) (FePD)进行了改进合成，用溶胶－凝胶技术制备了 FePD／碳陶瓷杂化材料电极。FePD／碳陶瓷杂化材料电极对碘酸盐的电化学还原有较高的催化活性，故被用作食盐中碘酸盐测定的电化学传感器。3．合成出粒径分布较窄的铁氰化铜纳米粒子。由于铁氰化铜纳米粒子比表面较大，表面原子配位严重不足，与石墨表面有氢键和π－π相互作用，故其易于在石墨微粉表面沉积。进而利用溶胶凝胶技术制备了表面可更新的、硬质的铁氰化铜／碳陶瓷电极。该修饰电极可以催化谷胱甘肽的氧化、制备简单、化学和机械稳定性高、表面更新重视性好。4．以丁胺为诱导物，合成出新亚甲蓝（NMB）和亚甲蓝（MB）阳离子插入的 α-ZrP层柱纳米复合材料，利用红外光谱、粉末X－射线衍射和电镜对其进行了表征。制备了均匀担载有 NMBZrP 和 MBZrP亚微米粒子的石墨粉。用溶胶－凝胶技术制备了NMBZrP （或 MBZrP）／碳陶瓷电极。5．设计并合成出二茂铁丁酸阴离子／水滑石纳米复合材料(LDH-Fc)，利用元素分析、~(13)C固体核磁共振、红外光谱、粉末X－射线衍射和透射电镜对其进行表征。发现 LDH-Fc 纳米粒子在去离子水中可以形成稳定的胶体溶液，考虑到胶体溶液的亚稳态性质，通过沉积过程制备出均匀担载有LDH-Fc的石墨粉，利用光电子能谱确证了LDH-Fc在石墨粉表面的沉积。用溶胶－凝胶技术制备了LDH-Fc／碳陶瓷电极。

应用便携式微机伏安仪测定钯

用便携式微机伏安仪对贵金属Pd的电化学性能和测定进行了研究。在1 mol/L HCl溶液中Pd(Ⅱ)浓度2.5ng/ml～60μg/ml范围峰高是线性增加的。回收范围82％～105％。相对标准偏差为(n=8)3.8％。本法应用于贵金属回收液中Pd的测定,获得较为满意的结果。

四川冕宁稀土矿床碳酸岩PGE地球化学初步研究

报道了四川冕宁稀土矿床碳酸岩7件样品的PGE和Au含量分析结果，其含量（WB／10^-9）范围分别为Ir0．5～0．78，Ru 1．61～6．75，Rh 0．08～0．14，Pt 2．62～12．15，Pd 1．11γ3．65和Au1．24～8．61。原始地幔标准化的PGE模式呈Ru、Pt、Pd相对富集和Ir、Rh相对亏损的“燕子型”。分析认为，碳酸岩具有一定携带PGE的能力；本区碳酸岩具“燕子型”PGE配分模式可能是其源区地幔PGE配分模式的反演；深源富CO2流体交代作用原始地幔可能是形成其“燕子型”PGE配分模式主要因素。

[Ni(Phen)_3][Pd(mnt)_2]·1.25 DMF的合成与晶体结构

报道标题化合物的合成、鉴定和单晶结构.晶体中含有数量相同的两种独立的阳离子,互为对映异构体,而且这两种八面体构型阳离子的畸变程度各不相同.晶胞中还存在三种独立的阴离子.不同阳离子中的四个平面型 Phen 配体之间通过π-π相互作用发生联系,形成四聚单元,每两个四聚单元又通过与平面共轭型的阴离子之间的π-π相互作用而相连,形成一种特殊的、准一维的链状结构.

Molecular cloning and responsive expression to injury stimulus of a defender against cell death 1 (DAD1) gene from bay scallops Argopecten irradians

Apoptosis is an active process of cell death, which is an integral part of growth and development in multicellular organisms. The defender against cell death 1 (DAD1), the regulatory protein to inhibit the apoptosis process, was first cloned from the bay scallop Argopecten irradians by randomly sequencing a whole tissue cDNA library and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE). The full-length cDNA of the A. irradians DAD1 was 607 bp, consist of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 63 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 205 bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame of 339 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence of the A. irradians DAD1 showed 75.5% identity to Araneus ventricosus, 74.5% to Drosophila melanogaster, and 73.6% to Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Mesocricetus auratus, Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus. Excluding the Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAD1 homologue, all animal DAD1 including A. irradians DAD1 homologue formed a subgroup and all plant DAD1 proteins formed another subgroup in the phylogenetic analysis. The A. irradians DAD1 was expressed in all examined tissues including adductor muscle, mantle, gills, digestive gland, gonad and hemolymph, suggesting that A. irradians DAD1 is expressed in most body tissues. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of A. irradians DAD1 gene of hemolymph were particularly high after injury, suggesting that the gene is responsive to injury stimuli.

Changes of tissue endothelin-1 and nitric oxide synthase in a sheep model of large intestinal obstruction

Large intestinal obstruction (LIO) in farm animals can cause a ischaemic necrosis of intestinal tissue, eventually leading to death. The roles of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) are not well understood in the process of LIO, but evidence suggests that endothelial-derived mediators may participate. In the present study, ET-1 concentration and total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity were measured in heart, liver, pancreas, lung and kidney in a model of LIO in sheep. Our data demonstrated that ET-1 concentration and NOS activity were altered, with significant increases of ET-1 in heart, lung and kidney and of NOS activity in pancreas and kidney, but a marked decline of NOS activity in liver (p<0.05). It is postulated that these alterations in NOS activity and ET-1 concentration may contribute to the progressive loss of organ function, and finally lead to death in LIO in sheep.

Morphine induces Beclin 1-and ATG5-dependent autophagy in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and in the rat hippocampus

Chronic exposure to morphine can induce drug addiction and neural injury, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Here we show that morphine induces autophagy in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and in the rat hippocampus. Pharmacological approach shows that this effect appears to be mediated by PTX-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors signaling cascade. Morphine increases Beclin 1 expression and reduces the interaction between Beclin 1 and Bcl-2, thus releasing Beclin 1 for its pro-autophagic activity. Bcl-2 overexpression inhibits morphine-induced autophagy, whereas knockdown of Beclin 1 or knockout of ATG5 prevents morphine-induced autophagy. In addition, chronic treatment with morphine induces cell death, which is increased by autophagy inhibition through Beclin 1 RNAi. Our data are the first to reveal that Beclin 1 and ATG5 play key roles in morphine-induced autophagy, which may contribute to morphine-induced neuronal injury.

Angular dependent characteristics of a 1.3-mu m GaInNAs/GaAs quantum-well resonant cavity enhanced photodetect

Characteristics of a 1.3-mum GaInNAs RCE PD with respect to the incident light angle were analyzed both in theoretical simulation and experiments. The results show the influence can be neglected when the light incidence angle is less than 3degrees. This is a requirement for the PD to be applied in WDM networks. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

GaInNAs/GaAs multiple-quantum well resonant-cavity-enhanced photodetectors at 1.3 mu m

A GaInNAs/GaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) resonant-cavity enhanced photodetector (RCF-PD) operated at a wavelength of 1.3 mum with the full width at half maximum of 4nm has been demonstrated. The GaInNAs RCE - PD was grown by molecular beam epitaxy using a homemade ion-removed dc plasma cell as a nitrogen source. GaInNAs/GaAs MQW shows a strong exciton peak at room temperature, which is very beneficial for applications in long-wavelength absorption devices. For a 100 mum diameter RCE-PD, the dark current is 20 and 32 pA at biases of 0 and 6 V, respectively, and the breakdown voltage is - 18 V. The measured 3 dB bandwidth is 308 MHz, which is limited by the resistance of p-type distributed Bragg reflector mirror. The tunable wavelength in a range of 18 nm with the angle of incident light was observed.

Performance of palladium-containing supported catalysts in the oxidation of 1-butene

Performance of palladium-containing supported catalysts in the oxidation of 1-butene was investigated in a fixed-bed flow microreactor. The Pd-Fe-HCl/Ti-Al catalyst is the best among the five Pd-Fe-HCl/X (A = SiO2, gamma-Al2O3, Al-Ti, TiO2, MCM-22) catalysts for the oxidation of I-butene to butanone. It is interesting that high propionic acid selectivity can be obtained when V and H2SO4 are added to the palladium-containing supported catalysts.

Study of the alkylation of isobutane with n-butene over WO3/ZrO2 strong solid acid. 1. Effect of the preparation method, WO3 loading, and calcination temperature

A series of strong solid acids composed of WO3/ZrO2 were prepared. Their crystal structure, surface state, and acidity were determined by the methods of X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis, temperature-programmed reduction, laser Raman, and acidity measurement. The results revealed that ZrO2 in WO3/ZrO2 existed mainly in the tetragonal phase, the addition of WO3 plays an important role in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of ZrO2, and all of the samples possessed large surface areas. WO3 in WO3/ZrO2 is mainly monolayer dispersed, and a small amount crystallized on the ZrO2 surface and partly reacted with ZrO2 to form the bond of Zr-O-W, acting as the strong solid acid center. The catalytic properties of WO3/ZrO2 strong solid;acids for alkylation of isobutane with butene at different conditions were investigated. They had a better reaction performance than other strong solid acids; a parallel relationship could be drawn between the catalytic activity and the acid amounts as well as the acidic strength of the catalysts.

温和条件下分子氧的活化和转移——Ⅰ.在三苯基膦和1-辛烯氧化中过氧酞菁钛的氧转移性能的研究

本文研究了过氧酞菁钛(PcTi0_2)在三苯基膦(Ph_3P)以及1-辛烯氧化反应中氧原子转移性能.在温和条件下,PcTiO_2可化学计量地转移一个氧原子至Ph_3P形成Ph_3O.然而,在1-辛烯的氧化反应中,只有在共催化剂,(PhCN)_2PdCl_2存在下,PcTiO_2才能将氧原子转移至被Pd化合物活化的烯烃上形成辛酮.实验结果表明,PcTiO_2在上述两个氧化反应中,只能起转移一个氧原子的作用,不可能形成以分子氧为氧化剂的催化氧化体系.