Comparative studies of AOT and NaDEHP by fluorescence technique and z-potential (ζ) measurements

The aggregation behaviors of two surfactants with the same hydrophobic tail, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (NaDEHP), have been investigated by the fluorescence technique and z-potential (ζ) measurements. Five fine peaks of the pyrene molecule fluorescence spectroscopy appear in the surfactant solution, and the micropolarity at which pyrene locates is monitored from the intensity ratio of the first (I1) and the third peak (I3). A wide peak around 475 nm, the emission spectra of the excimer of pyrene molecules, is observed in the NaDEHP solution, while this is not found for the AOT system. The value of I1/I3 decreases in a more limited concentration range for the AOT system than for NaDEHP, indicating that small aggregates can be more easily formed by NaDEHP molecules. The z-potential results for the aggregates formed by the two surfactants show that the interaction between AOT and PVP is stronger than that between NaDEHP and PVP.

Yb：YAG晶体的合作发光现象

研究了Yb：YAG晶体的合作发光现象。当用940hm的近红外光激发时，Yb：YAG晶体有明显的上转换蓝色发光。实验发现498nm的蓝色发光强度与激发功率的平方成正比，而且Yb^3＋掺杂浓度越高，蓝色发光越强。分析表明这是Yb^3＋间强的相互作用导致的合作发光，是由于Yb^3＋在共价性的YAG基质中，它的4f^I3电子易于与近邻离子发生相互作用导致的。

成熟番茄果实多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）cDNA克隆

本研究以成熟的番茄果实为材料，以其中提取总RNA，通过O1igo(dT)纤维素亲合层析，获得了mRNA。以该mRNA为模板，以Oligo(dT)为引物合成了相应的cDNA，将其克隆到载体入gtll中，构建了一个滴度(titer)为7×105pfu，重组率高于90％的番茄果实的cDNA文库。与此同时，利用PCR技术，以上述cONA为模板，扩增到了一个含有全部阅读框架的PG cDNA片段，将该片段克隆到质粒pBluescript中，该克隆的酶切分析和部分序列分析与Grieson等发表的完全一致，表明扩增到的片段确系PG的cDNA。由于上述片段不含PG的3'非编码区，因此以上述PCR片段的部分序列为探针，对cONA文库进行筛选。通过两轮噬菌斑原位杂交，获得了11个阳性克隆，利用PCR将它们从入gtli中亚克隆到质粒pBlusoript上，对其中一个1.0kb的片段进行部分序列分析，表明其5，末端缺少800bp，3'端完整，含有一个I3个A的多聚A尾。将找们测得的序列与国外发表的比较，没有发现因PCR技术产生的错误，证明PCR是一种克隆基因的可靠方法。目前已将PCR扩增的含有全部阅读框架的1.5kb片段以反方向插入到pBl121的衍生质粒pBin437中构建表达反义RNA的双元载体中，正在对其重组子进一步鉴定。

Theoretical analysis of xuv photoabsorption spectra of laser-produced iodine plasmas

The 4d photoabsorption spectra of I2+, I3+, and I4+ have been obtained in the 70-127 eV region with the dual laser-produced plasma technique at time delays ranging from 400 to 520 ns. With decreasing time delay, the dominant contribution to the spectra evolves from the I2+ to the I4+ ions, and each spectrum contains discrete 4d-nf transitions and a broad 4d-epsilon f shape resonance, which are identified with the aid of multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock calculations. The excited states decay by direct autoionization involving 5s or 5p electrons, and rates for the different processes and resulting linewidths were calculated. With increasing ionization, the 4d-epsilon f shape resonance become intense and broader in going from I2+ to I3+, and then vanishes at I5+. In addition, the discrete structure of the calculated spectrum of each ion gradually approaches the corresponding shape resonance position. Based on the assumption of a normalized Boltzmann distribution among the excited states and a steady-state collisional-radiative model, we reproduced spectra which are in good agreement with experiment.

土壤侵蚀的中子活化示踪法研究

利用中子活化示踪法研究坡面土壤的侵蚀过程 ,发现坡面的相对侵蚀量从坡脚到坡顶随坡长的变化符合 Weibull分布 ,其形状参数主要受降雨量、降雨历时和径流深度的影响 ,尺度参数主要与平均雨强、I3 0 相关。坡面在侵蚀的同时也发生沉积 ,一般来说短历时高强度的降雨沉积量较小 ,而长历时低强度的降雨沉积量较大 ,某一部位侵蚀产沙的沉积量与其距离之间有 y=axb的关系。坡面径流直接影响着坡面的输移比 ,当径流深和径流系数较高时 ,输移比接近于 1,否则输移比降低