55 resultados para Casanova, Giacomo, 1725-1798.

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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应用频散可控耗散格式对环形激波在圆柱形激波管内绕射、反射和聚焦的问题进行了数值模拟研究. 研究结果表明环形激波形成强烈聚焦的关键因素是环形激波在圆柱形管道中向对称轴运动时,绕射激波就不断加速而不作通常情况下的衰减;不同马赫数的环形激波绕射也产生不同马赫数及形状的准柱形激波,导致聚焦效果和位置的差异;另外,环形激波聚焦于一个点而圆柱形激波聚焦于一条线,两者有本质不同.

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The structure of the inhibition patterns is important to the stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Usually, Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam and the central zero-intensity patterns created by inserting phase masks in Gaussian beams are used as the erase beam in STED microscopy. Aberration is generated when focusing beams through an interface between the media of the mismatched refractive indices. By use of the vectorial integral, the effects of such aberration on the shape of depletion patterns and the size of fluorescence emission spot in the STED microscopy are studied. Results are presented as a comparison between the aberration-free case and the aberrated cases. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America

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Thermal resistance and thermal rise-time are two basic parameters that affect most of the performances of a laser diode greatly. By measuring waveforms received after a spectroscope at wavelengths varied step-by-step, the spectrally resolved waveforms can be converted to calculate the thermal rise-time. Basic formulas for the spectrum variation of a laser diode and the measurement set-up by using a Boxcar are described in the paper. As an example, the thermal rise-time of a p-side up packaged short-pulse laser diode was measured by the method to be 390 mu s. The method will be useful in characterizing diode lasers and LID modules in high-power applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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We report on ultrabroad infrared (IR) luminescences covering the 1000-1700-nm wavelength region, from Bi-doped 75GeO(2) 20RO-5Al(2)O(3) 1B(2)O(3) (R = Sr, Ca, and Mg) glasses. The full width at half-maximum of the IR luminescences excited at 980 nm increases (315 -> 440 -> 510 nm) with the change of alkaline earth metal (Mg2+ -> Ca2+ -> Sr2+). The fluorescence lifetime of the glass samples is 1725, 157, and 264 mu s when R is Sr, Ca, and Mg, respectively. These materials may be promising candidates for broad-band fiber amplifiers and tunable laser resources.

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We report ultrabroad infrared luminescence from Bi-doped aluminogermanate glasses. The infrared luminescence almost covers the whole low loss wavelength region (1200-1650 nm) of silica glass fiber when excited by a diode laser at 980 nm. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the luminescence is 510 nm. The luminescence peak can be divided into three Gaussian peaks, and the fluorescence lifetime of the three emissions are 297 mu s, 470 mu s and 1725 mu s, respectively. These fluorescence properties indicate that the glasses are promising material for broadband optical amplifiers. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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对舌喙兰属的研究表明,该属具下列独特的特征:具一枚着生于茎基部的叶;叶片肉质、几平贴地表;花具硕大而伸出的蕊喙;药室基部延伸成花药管。该属花部器官在发育早期表现为典型的红门兰亚族特点,但在发育后期出现一些特有的性状。尽管舌喙兰属在植物体形态、花部形态和发育等方面表现出许多特化的性状,但染色体水平上与红门兰亚族东亚产的其他属并无明显差异。舌喙兰属植物一般喜欢在石灰岩地区生长,但有些各类也可在其他土壤中生长。野外观察表明扇唇舌喙兰通过食源性欺骗系统来吸引唯一的传粉者:芒康条蜂。其他各类虽亦有类似结构,但未进行观察。 ITS序列数据支持:1)舌喙兰属的6个种为单系类群;2)舌喙兰属、紫斑玉凤花和短距红门兰等植物体形态相似的类群构成关系较为密切的分支;3)主要分布于亚洲的无柱兰属和铣兜被兰属互为关系密切的姐妹群,它们与广布红门兰有较弱的联系。无柱兰-兜被兰类群和舌喙兰-紫斑玉凤花类群构成红门兰亚族中的一个分支;而二叶红门兰、西南手参、滇藏舌唇兰和欧洲产红门兰亚族的代表种类构成另一个分支。 总之,植物体形态,花部形态和发育、传粉模式、生态学特点以及分子数据,都表明舌喙兰属是一个特化的类群。 最后,对舌喙兰属进行了全面修订,确定该属具7个种,主要分布于中国,个别种类向南可达泰国和缅甸南部,向西可达不丹和尼泊尔。

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解释合作行为演化中的"公共地悲剧"一直是生物学和社会科学中重要而又未能有效解决的核心问题之一.现有的合作演化模型中,描述合作行为演化的模型都是基于对称的思想发展而来,而现实的合作系统极可能是一个非对称的系统.但遗憾的是,合作行为的非对称性在现有的合作演化理论中被严重地忽视了.在一个稳定的合作系统中,合作方的个体数目和各自的收益与合作接受方事实上是高度不对等的.而在个体扩散难以实现的系统中,密度依赖的干扰性竞争对合作方和合作接受方的效应将会因此存在明显区别.本研究模型及模拟表明,合作方之间的密度依赖的约束或干扰性竞争将能维持公共资源利用的非饱和状态,合作系统将会因此维持合作关系局部的稳定,在公共资源很丰富的状态下,合作双方就不会发生竞争或冲突行为.增强合作方个体之间的密度依赖的干扰性竞争、合作方对合作接受方的贡献率、以及丰富的公共资源三因素将提高双方的合作频率.合作方和接受方之间的合作关系将会随系统的环境或生态条件的改变而转化为冲突关系,双方的关系并将随这些影响因素的变化而扰动(混沌).在非对称系统中,合作接受方对消极合作者或欺骗者的惩罚而对合作个体的奖赏将提高合作方对合作接受方的贡献率,即提高了类似于亲缘系数...

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本发明涉及一种大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白及其基因和在制药中的应用,属于生物医学领域。大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白是从中国两栖类动物大蹼铃蟾皮肤分泌物中分离得到的一种单链多肽,氨基酸全序列为:NH2GFPIYEIDNRPGCYVDPAERVACAGAGVTKAECKAKGCCFISARRNTIWCFKLKESADAWKCAVPMNTRVACAGAGVTPAECKGKGCCFSSYYGTV WCFKPQE-COOH)编码大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白的基因的cDNA由1061个核苷酸组成,编码成熟血小板活化蛋白为第67-378位核苷酸。博玛津具有诱导血小板活化、抑制胃溃疡的作用,可作为血小板聚集诱导剂和制备胃溃疡药物的应用。

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云南闭壳龟(Cuora yunnanensis,Boulenger,1906)曾被认为已经灭绝,在保护生物学上受到广泛的关注.本文测定了3只活的云南闭壳龟线粒体COI和ND4的部分序列及His,Ser,Leu tRNA序列片段,共 1725 个碱基序列.结合闭壳龟属其他物种序列,包括之前测定的一只云南闭壳龟标本(MNHN 1907.10)的DNA序列,进行了分子系统学分析.与100年前的标本比较,无论是形态还是分子系统分析结果都显示,这种新发现的活龟确实是云南闭壳龟.同时,我们的结果确证了标本序列的可信性,揭示云南闭壳龟不是近期杂交形成的,而是代表了进化上独立的遗传谱系,且种内仍存在一定的遗传多样性.

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本研究采用RNA反义探针原位杂交技术,对vasa基因在黄鳝(Monopterusalbus)性腺发育过程中的表达情况进行了分析。结果表明:vasamRNA在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期卵母细胞的胞质中均匀分布,在Ⅳ、Ⅴ期卵母细胞中vasamRNA有向胞质外周皮层迁移集中的趋势,但不明显;退化的卵粒也呈现vasamRNA阳性反应;在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵巢的被膜中检测到带有vasa阳性信号的细胞,这些细胞可能是待向精原细胞分化、迁移到卵巢被膜上的原始生殖细胞(Primordialgermcell,PGC),在性逆转过程中这些PGC可能