45 resultados para Andrewes, Lancelot, 1555-1626.

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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为了了解吸力式桶形基础在饱和粉细砂中的抗拔承载力特性,对不同桶高、不同加载速率下的桶形基础进行了室内小模型抗拔承载力试验.结果表明,桶高和加载速率对桶形基础抗拔承载力有着显著的影响.根据试验结果分析了桶形基础抗拔承载力的作用机理.

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国家自然科学基金项目L0922118

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A highly uniform multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser with an intracavity sine phase modulator is demonstrated. The flat output spectrum is achieved by optimizing the cavity structure, modulation amplitude, and frequency of the sine phase modulator. Fifteen lasing lines with wavelength spacing of 0.9 nm appear simultaneously and stably with power differences less than 2 dB and side-mode suppression ratio higher than 32 dB. In addition, the proposed cavity can support unidirectional operation without optical isolators. An output power difference of about 20 dB is realized between the counterclockwise and clockwise directions, which is almost independent of the pump power and lasing wavelengths. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

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为研究周期相位调制光束的放大特性,在分析激光放大介质跃迁谱线线型对损耗、受激辐射截面及饱和能量密度等参量影响的基础上,改进了原先的脉冲放大模型。以Nd:YLF放大器为例,实验中获得的时间波形调制周期约为300ps,与计算结果330ps吻合较好;同时依据该模型计算分析了影响放大输出时间波形的主要因素,入射光场中心频率与跃迁谱线中心频率的匹配能有效降低相位调制-振幅调制(PM—AM)效应,为抑制该效应提供了依据。

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薇甘菊主要入侵我国华南的广东、海南和云南三省,给当地造成了严重的危害,其强烈的化感作用被认为是其成功入侵的原因之一。而目前对薇甘菊化感作用的研究还较少,因而对薇甘菊化感作用的认识还有待深入的研究。另外,在对入侵植物入侵群落进行恢复时,由于入侵植物的凋落物以及生长过的土壤都还含有化感物质,常常导致恢复难以继续。因而选择抗化感能力强的物种来恢复薇甘菊的入侵地也成为该研究的一个主题。本文以薇甘菊为实验材料来研究薇甘菊化感作用对植物种子活力、种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,同时筛选化感抗性强的物种以进行薇甘菊入侵地的恢复工作。其主要结论如下: 1、薇甘菊根和叶的提取液对植物种子活力、种子萌发和幼苗生长都有很大的抑制作用,并且这种抑制作用随着提取液浓度的升高以及处理时间的延长而加强,这证明了薇甘菊具有很强的化感作用。 2、一些植物种子萌发和幼苗生长在低、中浓度提取液以及高浓度提取液的短时间的处理下能被促进,不过在高浓度的提取液以及长时间的处理下都被抑制,这说明化感作用是抑制还是促进作用在很大程度上受到提取液浓度和处理时间的影响。 3、薇甘菊提取液(50 g L-1)对紫薇(Lagerstroemia indica)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo)种子处理50-100 h就能极大的影响到其后的种子萌发和幼苗生长,这说明薇甘菊在短时间(50-100 h)就能给植物产生极强的化感作用,也进一步证实薇甘菊很强的化感作用。 4、由于各物种进化历史的不同,而且各物种在对薇甘菊的化感抗性上也存在着差异,所以各物种对薇甘菊提取液的化感反应也各不相同。 5、薇甘菊根提取液对刺槐和紫薇幼苗根的生长的影响要大于叶提取液对刺槐和紫薇幼苗根的生长的影响,而对刺槐和紫薇种子萌发率、初始萌发时间、萌发速率以及幼苗株高的影响却是叶提取液的化感作用强。这支持了一个新的假设:由于物种间代谢的多样性,至少在根和叶对受试植物根的化感影响方面,对于一些物种来说根的化感作用可能强于叶的化感作用,对于另一些物种来说叶的化感作用可能强于根的化感作用。 6、薇甘菊叶提取液对西葫芦种子活力、种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感影响大,而对其后开花时间以及开花的数目没有明显的影响,这说明薇甘菊对西葫芦生活史前期的化感影响要大于对西葫芦生活史后期的化感影响。 7、薇甘菊叶的水提取液对种子萌发的抑制作用要大于对幼苗生长的抑制作用;对非豆科植物种子萌发的影响要大于对豆科植物种子萌发的影响,而对非豆科植物幼苗生长的影响要小于对豆科植物幼苗生长的影响;对本地种的抑制作用要大于对外来归化种的抑制作用。 本研究证实了薇甘菊强烈的化感作用,根提取液对受体植物幼根生长的影响大于叶提取液对受体植物幼根生长的影响,这种化感作用可能极大的促进了薇甘菊的入侵。另外,在恢复薇甘菊入侵群落时,考虑到薇甘菊的化感作用,理应选择外来的已经归化了的非豆科植物的幼苗。

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:榴城粉蚧是云南蒙自石榴的主要害虫之一,1年发生4代.世代重叠。以成虫、若虫越冬。主要危害代第1,2代 成虫.若虫入果实萼筒中或果与果、果与叶片相接处取食危害,致果皮伤口并将干腐病茵侍入伤口处.果皮伤口经首 次连续降雨雨水浸泡溢出的汁液为干肩病菌提供了生长繁殖条件.谊虫是干腐病的媒介者。一般年份果园有虫株、 果率选85%~95%,75%~90%。采取综合防治后,有虫株、果率降为20%~25%,10%~15%。

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云南蒙自石榴干腐病助故阮以菌丝体和分生抢子在僵果、干 腐果及其他感病部位越冬。翌年经风雨、昆虫和人为活动在果园广为传播。石榴 花、幼果、果实期均可感病发病, 等筒花丝最易感病。果实发病率达一, 重者达一。采取综合治理措施, 其中重要的是在首次连续降雨前利去干 花丝、套袋和树冠多次喷清水, 提前水解、淡化干花丝、伤口渗出液的微酸性度, 可 控制该病的发生危害, 危害率由原来的一现降为一。

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在同一实验条件下,通过8周生长实验比较研究了不同玉米淀粉含量的饲料对长吻和异育银鲫生长、饲料利用和鱼体组成的影响,以探讨肉食性和杂食性鱼类对玉米淀粉利用的差异。长吻的实验饲料是5种等氮等脂、玉米淀粉含量分别为0、5%、10%、15%和20%的半精制饲料。异育银鲫的实验饲料是5种等氮等脂、玉米淀粉含量分别为6%、12%、18%、24%和30%的半精制饲料。每天饱食投喂鱼两次。实验结果表明:对于长吻,玉米淀粉含量为5%和10%饲料组的特定生长率显著高于另外3组(Duncan s多重比较,P<0.05)。

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Changing the ratio of light-harvesting pigments was regarded as an efficient way to improve the photosynthesis rate in microalgae, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, a mutant of Anabeana simensis (called SP) was selected from retrieved satellite cultures. Several parameters related with photosynthesis, such as the growth, photosynthesis rate, the content of photosynthetic pigment, low temperature fluorescence spectrum (77K) and electron transport rate, were compared with those of the wild type. It was found that the change in the ratio of light-harvesting pigments in the mutant led to more efficient light energy transfer and usage in mutant than in the wild type. This may be the reason why the mutant had higher photosynthesis and growth rates.

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An ultrathin fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor with enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated. A novel piston-like diaphragm with a hard core in the center is used as the sensing element to enhance the responsivity. Both the theoretical analysis and the experimental results show that the Young's modulus of the diaphragm and the radius of the hard core have significant effect on the pressure responsivity. By optimizing these two parameters, a pressure responsivity of 7 nm/MPa has been achieved.

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We extend the use of Raman spectroscopy to investigate the modes of Er-implanted and Er + O co-implanted GaN, and discuss the influence of O ions on Er3+ -related infrared photoluminescence (PL). It is found that Er3+ implantation introduces new Raman peaks in Raman spectra at frequencies 300 and 670 cm and one additional new peak at 360cm is introduced after Er + O implantation. It is proposed that the broad structure around 300 cm(-1) mode originates from disorder-activated scattering (DARS). The Raman peak at 670 cm is assigned to nitrogen vacancy related defects. The 360 cm peak is attributed to the O implantation induced defect complexes (vacancies, interstitial, or anti-sites in the host). The appearance of the 360 cm(-1) mode results in the decrease of the Er3+ -related infrared PL of GaN: Er + O.