一个先天性小眼球家系致病基因的排除性定位

先天性小眼球是一种先天发育异常性眼科疾病.通过基因扫描和连锁分析对一个6代常染色体显性遗传先天性小眼球中国家系的疾病相关基因进行研究.根据已报道的与小眼球相关的5个基因座位(MITF,SOX2,PAX6,MCOP和NNO2),在3,11,14和15号染色体上选取了14个微卫星标记,以荧光标记引物的聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增目的片段,用ABI 377 DNA遗传分析仪对该家系成员进行基因扫描和基因分型,并采用Linkage软件包对基因分型结果进行连锁分析.结果显示,该家系致病基因与这些已报道的座位均不连锁,即该家系致病基因不是已报道的座位,可能是一个尚未报道的对眼球发育至关重要的新基因座位.

Detection of K-ras exon 1 mutations by constant denaturant capillary electrophoresis

Among various mutation detection methods, constant denaturant capillary electrophoresis (CDCE) is one of the most common techniques for rapid identification of known or unknown mutations. In this report, a CDCE analysis method with homemade linear polyacrylamide (LPA) kit was developed on ABI 310 genetic analyzer, the effect and relationship of various denaturing factors in CDCE analysis were investigated and K-ras gene mutations of 31 coloerctal cancer patients were detected. Results indicate that, with the increase of chemical danaturant concentration, the optimum temperature was lowered, and when the concentration of urea (formamide) was higher than 7 M (40%), the homoduplex and heteroduplex of mutant samples were separated with difficulty. Detection results of K-ras gene in colorectal samples indicated that mutations were present in eight (26%) of 31 patients; most mutations were localized in codon 12, which is thought to be a critical step and plays an important role in human colorectal carcinogenesisas. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

Applications of homemade kit in mutation detection of genes

Several methods of mutation detection, such as single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), tandem SSCP/heteroduplex analysis and SNaPshot analysis were developed using homemade kit on ABI 310 genetic analyzer, and were successfully applied to mutation detection of 31 colorectal tumor samples. The sieving capability of homemade kit and commercial kit were compared, results demonstrate that homemade kit has higher resolution and shorter analysis time. In clinical tumor samples, 26% K-ras (exon 1) and 24% p53 (exons 7-8) were found to have mutations, and all mutations were single point variations. A majority of mutations occurred in one gene, only 1 tumor contained alterations in the two genes, which indicates that development of colorectal cancer lies on alternate pathways, and may correlate with different gene mutations.

Inheritance of 15 microsatellites in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: segregation and null allele identification for linkage analysis

Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis (ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method in microsatellite genotyping.