84 resultados para 910

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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The nanocrystal surface layer of an aluminum alloy induced by High Speed Shot Peening (HSSP) was investigated in this paper. The results of nanoindentation experiment show that the elastic modulus and the hardness of nanocrystal surface layer increased,by 8% and 20%, respectively. The elastic modulus and the hardness appear to be independent of the distance from nanocrystalized surface and the process time.

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利用安装在直径为800mm 高温激波管后端盖处带有切取器的矩形实验段,获得了较均匀的薄层等离子体鞘层(Z=4cm或2cm)。采用液氦冷却下的低温超导线圈产生连续的强磁场,研究了有强磁场存在条件下3.9GHZ 微波穿透薄等离子体鞘层时的传输特性。对于 Ne≈3×10~13/cm~3,v≈9×10~9/s 和 Ne≈4×10~12/cm~3,v≈2.4×10(?)/s两种等离子体状态,H=0.44~0.84T,分别测量了无外加磁场和有外加磁场情况下电波的功率衰减。实验结果表明在本文所加的磁场强度条件下,测量到的电波功率衰减值均有较明显改善。

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本文介绍在水洞中做的作用于波浪形边界附近的水动力特性的实验研究。在基于圆柱模型直径的 R_c=10~4~1.9×10~4 范围内,测量了圆柱在波谷、波峰和不同距离上的阻力、升力脉动变化的频率。流谱显示实验揭示了尾流结构随距离-直径比 G/D 的变化情况及圆柱与边界相互作用的机制。

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将林绍基磁探针原理推广到用于拉莫频率不能忽略的情形。用了两个不同磁强的探针同时使用于激波管中,测量了离子化气体中的电子碰撞频率。对实验结果的分析得出,在5000K时电子碰撞截面为Q_(N2)=1.9×10~(-15)cm~2,Q_O=4×10~(-16)cm~2,Q_N=4×10~(-16)cm~2。本实验定出的氮原子对慢电子的散射截面数据与(艹勾)清泉等人的理论计算结果比较一致。

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报道了飞秒强激光脉冲(60fs,790nm,2×10^16W/cm^2与纳米尺寸的氢团簇(半径rc约为1~3nm)相互作用,产生的最大质子能量Emax对于团簇半径rc相关性的实验研究结果。从激光-氢团簇相互作用产生的质子的飞行时间谱测量以及团簇尺寸的瑞利散射诊断结果,得到Emax与rc^2成线性正比关系,比例系数为0.75,与报道的理论模拟结果一致,表明氢团簇发生纯库仑爆炸。实验结果同时提示,进一步的理论模拟应考虑气体喷流中团簇的尺寸分布。

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With the development of photocathode rf electron gun, electrons with high-brightness and mono-energy can be obtained easily. By numerically solving the relativistic equations of motion of an electron generated from this facility in laser fields modelled by a circular polarized Gaussian laser pulse, we find the electron can obtain high energy gain from the laser pulse. The corresponding acceleration distance for this electron driven by the ascending part of the laser pulse is much longer than the Rayleigh length, and the light amplitude experienced on the electron is very weak when the laser pulse overtakes the electron. The electron is accelerated effectively and the deceleration can be neglected. For intensities around 10(19) W(.)mu m(2)/cm(2), an electron's energy gain near 0.1 GeV can be realized when its initial energy is 4.5 MeV, and the final velocity of the energetic electron is parallel with the propagation axis. The energy gain can be up to 1 GeV if the intensity is about 10(21) W(.)mu m(2)/cm(2). The final energy gain of the electron as a function of its initial conditions and the parameters of the laser beam has also been discussed.

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The giant enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity in a four-level tripod type system is investigated theoretically. By tuning the value of the Rabi frequency of the coherent control field, owing to the double dark resonances, the giant-enhanced Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved within the right transparency window. The in fluence of Doppler broadening is also discussed.

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We demonstrate the guiding of neutral atoms with two parallel microfabricated current-carrying wires on the atom chip and a vertical magnetic bias field. The atoms are guided along a magnetic field minimum parallel to the current-carrying wires and confined in the other two directions. We describe in detail how the precooled atoms are efficiently loaded into the two-wire guide. We present a detailed experimental study of the motional properties of the atoms in the guide and the relationship between the location of the guide and the vertical bias field. This two-wire guide with vertical bias field can be used to realize large area atom interferometer.

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We report experimental and theoretical studies of nonvolatile photorefractive holographic recording in LiNbO3:Cu:Ce crystals with two illumination schemes: (1) UV light for sensitization and a red interfering pattern for recording and (2) blue light for sensitization and a red pattern for recording. The results show that the oxidized LiNbO3:Cu:Ce crystals can provide high, persistent refractive-index modulation with weak lightinduced scattering. The optimal working conditions and the prescription for doping and oxidation-reduction processing that yields the maximum refractive-index modulation are discussed. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 050.7330, 190.5330, 090.2900.

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在不同的氧分压下用电子束热蒸发的方法制备了ZrO2薄膜。分别通过X射线衍射、光学光谱、热透镜技术、抗激光辐照等测试,对所制备样品的微结构、折射率、吸收率及激光损伤阈值进行了测量。实验结果表明,薄膜中晶粒主要是四方相为主的多晶结构,并且随着氧分压的增加,结晶度、折射率以及弱吸收均逐渐降低。薄膜的激光损伤阈值开始随着氧分压增加从18.5J/cm^2逐渐增加,氧分压为9×10^-3Pa时达到最大,值为26.7J/cm^2,氧分压再增加时则又降低到17.5J/cm^2。由此可见,氧分压引起的薄膜微结构变化是ZrO

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聚合物膜离子选择性电极具有选择性高、使用简便、价格低廉等优点,在环境监测中日益受到人们的关注。这类电极的响应特性主要取决于聚合物膜相中起分子识别作用的离子载体的选择性。本文设计合成了一系列对重金属离子具有高选择性的有机配体,并将其作为电中性离子载体应用于银、汞、锌、铬等离子选择性电极中,实现了对重金属离子的高选择性测定。此外,我们对海水中有机物质的紫外线消解进行了研究,优化了消解条件,采用离子选择性电极技术实现了对海水中重金属污染物的快速检测。具体内容如下: 1、以硫氮杂冠醚为离子载体的银离子选择性电极制备及性能研究。 合成了一系列硫氮杂冠醚配体,通过优化反应条件,提高了反应产率,简化了产物处理过程。将此类冠醚作为离子载体用于银离子选择性电极的制备,并讨论了冠醚环大小、冠醚环的韧性以及硫原子个数对电极选择性的影响。在此研究基础上,利用沉淀-溶解平衡法调节内充液主离子浓度,采用冠醚9,10,12,13,24,25-六氢-5H,15H,23H-二苯[b,q][1,7,10,13,19,4,16]五硫二氮二十三环-6,16 (7H,17H)-二酮环作为低检出限银离子选择性电极载体,通过优化电极的内充液和聚合物膜组份,测得最低检出限为2.2×10-10 M,电极电位响应斜率为54.5 mV/dec.,线性范围为1.0×10-9-1.0×10-5 M,电极使用寿命为一个月。采用标准加入法,成功实现了自来水中银离子浓度的测试,并以该电极作为指示电极,以硝酸银溶液为滴定剂,成功滴定了I-、Br-和Cl-离子的混合液。 2、以1,2,4-三唑衍生物为离子载体的汞离子选择性电极的制备及性能表征。 设计合成了一种基于1,2,4-三唑的希夫碱结构化合物,3,5-二(二硫代甲酸苄酯肼基-2-亚甲胺基苯氧甲基)-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃)-1H-1,2,4-三唑,并成功用作中性载体实现对汞离子的测定。在最佳膜组分条件下,以该化合物作为载体的汞离子选择性电极的检出限为2.6×10-7 M Hg2+,电极电位响应斜率为29.3±0.3 mV/dec.,线性范围为1.0×10-6-3.0×10-4 M。该电极使用寿命为2个月,在pH 2.6-5.2范围内测试不受酸度影响。以该电极为指示电极,以EDTA为滴定剂,可准确滴定溶液中汞离子的浓度。 3、以希夫碱结构化合物为离子载体的锌离子选择性电极的制备及性能研究。 本文设计了一种含吡啶杂环的希夫碱结构化合物(E)-N'-(吡啶-2-亚甲胺基)-2-((E)-吡啶-2-亚甲胺基)苯甲酰肼,并成功用作离子载体实现对锌离子的测定。在最佳膜组分条件下,以该化合物为载体的锌离子选择性电极的检出限为7.4×10-7M Zn2+,电极电位响应斜率为25.9 mV/dec.,线性范围为1.0×10-6-1.0×10-3 M。该电极使用寿命为3个月,在pH 3.4-5.8范围内测试不受酸度影响。以该电极为指示电极,以EDTA为滴定剂,可准确滴定溶液中锌离子的浓度。 4、紫外光在线消解技术用于离子选择性电极测试海水中重金属离子的研究。 海水中重金属离子大多以络合物形式存在,而离子选择性电极只对游离态金属离子响应,因此要实现离子选择性电极测试海水中的重金属,首先必须使金属离子从络合物中游离出来。紫外光消解方法相对于其它海水预处理手段是一种清洁的样品预处理方法。我们以模拟海水为考察对象,考察了盐度、酸度、有机物浓度对消解效率的影响,并在优化消解条件的基础上对实际海水进行消解,利用离子选择性电极成功实现了海水中铜离子浓度的测试,测试值与ICP-MS数值一致。 5、合成希夫碱结构罗丹明B衍生物作为载体和分子探针用于Cr3+离子的检测。 设计合成了希夫碱结构罗丹明B衍生物2-亚甲胺基-8-乙酯基喹啉-罗丹明。荧光法显示,在化合物对铬离子(III)有较好的选择性,进而我们将该化合物作为分子探针进行了详细的研究。结果表明,分子探针与铬离子配位比为1:1,铬离子响应的线性范围是8.0×10-7-8.0×10-5 M,检测下限为1.9×10-7 M。电化学测试结果显示,基于该化合物为载体的离子选择性电极对铬离子(III)的选择性较差。

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The Global Invasive Species Database, GISD, comprises 27 species of the most significant invasive alien insects in the world (through November, 2005), 6 of which are originally native to China, 11 are established in China, and 10 have a potential invasion

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目的 表达HIV-1核衣壳蛋白(nucleocapside protein p7,NCp7),并建立抑制剂筛选方法.方法 从pBRU2/ADP202质粒经PCR得到HIV-1 NCp7编码序列,克隆到pet28a 质粒中构建HIV-1 NCp7表达载体.阳性克隆转染E.coli BL21 DE3,以IPTG诱导,细胞裂解液经Q Sepharose H.P和SP Sepharose H.P纯化后纯度达到90%以上.将具有锌离子逐出活性的H2O2和2,2'-联硫基二吡啶(2,2'-dithiodipyridine,AT-2)与NCp7作用,用锌离子特异的荧光染料检测.用该方法检测KIZ-CM系列化合物.结果 可以检测H2O2和AT-2的锌离子逐出活性,经该方法筛选,KIZ-CM 10,18,19等化合物具有一定的锌离子逐出活性.结论 在国内首次建立了HIV-1 NCp7锌离子逐出方法,该方法可以用于NCp7抑制剂的筛选.