爆炸排淤法在外海渔港防波堤工程中的应用

介绍爆炸排淤法在外海渔港防波堤工程中的应用及质量检测结果。

Feasibility of Laminar Plasma-Jet Hardening of Cast Iron Surface

Nontransferred DC laminar plasma jets of stable flow and low impinging pressure acting on the substrate were used to heat W–Mo–Cu cast iron for phase transfer hardening of the surface layer. Substrates were heated in multipass with or without overlapping or heated with only single-pass. Surface morphologies of the molten trace and microstructure of the cross-section were observed, and the hardness distribution of the treated surface layer was examined. The surface layer of single-pass-heated specimen has an average hardness of about 900 HV0.1, while the specimen treated with multipass shows an average hardness of about 700 HV0.1, because of the heat effect from the neighboring pass treating, compared with the substrate hardness of about 300 HV0.1. The results demonstrate the stable and favorably controlled heating of the laminar plasma jet on the substrate surface and feasibility of using it as a tool for surface hardening of cast iron.

Comparison-speed liquid jets

The performance of a small high-speed liquid jet apparatus is described. Water jets with velocities from 200 to 700 m/s were obtained by firing a deformable lead slug from an air rifle into a stainless steel nozzle containing water sealed with a rubber diaphragm. Nozzle devices using the impact extrusion (IE) and cumulation (CU) methods were designed to generate the jets. The effect of the nozzle diameter and the downstream distance on the jet velocity is examined. The injection sequences are visualized using both shadowgraphy and schlieren photography. The difference between the IE and CU methods of jet generation is found.

Study on Microstructure and Nanomechanics Properties of Antibacterial Bone China

Fracture appearance, surface and nanomechanics properties of antibacterial ceramics contairing rare earth phosphate composite antibacterial materials were characterized and measured by SEM, AFM and Nanoindenter, respectively. Results show that grain of fracture surface of antibacterial ceramics grows uniform refinement topography of bubble break-up appears at the surface, which is flat and has liquid character, by adding the phosphate composite containing rare earth, nevertheless needle-like crystal and granular outgrowth form at fracture surface and surface of common ceramics, respectively. Young's modulus of antibacterial ceramic film is 74. 397 GPa and hardness is 8. 134 GPa, which increses by 4.4﹪ and 1.6﹪ comparing with common ceramics, respectively. Loading curves of two kind of ceramics have obvious nonlinear character under 700 nm and linear character between 700 ～ 1000 nm, and unloading curve have obvious linear character.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Adhesion Forces In A Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Membrane

Adhesion forces of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine ( DPPC) membrane in the gel phase are investigated by molecular dynamics ( MD) simulation. In the simulations, individual DPPC molecules are pulled out of DPPC membranes with different rates and we get the maximum adhesion forces of DPPC membrane. We find that the maximum adhesion forces increase with pull rate, from about 400 to 700 pN when pull rates are from 0.001 to 0.03 nm/ps. We analyze the relationship between pull rate and adhesion forces of different origins using Brownian dynamics and notice that viscosity of solvent plays an important role in adhesion forces. Then we simulate the motion of a single DPPC molecule in solvent and it elucidates that the maximum drag force is almost linear with respect to the pull rate. We use Stokes' relation to describe the motion of a single DPPC molecule and deduce the effective length of a DPPC molecule. Conformational analyses indicate that the free energy variation of a DPPC molecule inside and outside of the DPPC membrane is an essential part of adhesion energy.

Residual Stress And Deformation Analysis Of Anodic Bonded Multi-Layer Of Glass And Aluminum

The bonding of glass wafer to aluminum foils in multi-layer assemblies was made by the common anodic bonding process. The bonding was performed at temperatures in the range 350-450 degrees C and with an applied voltage in the range 400-700 V under a pressure of 0.05 MPa. Residual stress and deformation in samples of two-layer (aluminum/glass) and three-layer (glass/aluminum/glass) were analyzed by nonlinear finite element simulation software MARC. The stress and strain varying with cooling time were obtained. The analyzed results show that deformation of the three-layer sample is significantly smaller than that of the two-layer sample, because of the symmetric structure of the three-layer sample. This has an important advantage in MEMS fabrication. The maximum equivalent stresses locate in the transition layer in both samples, which will become weakness in bonded sample.

Properties of high k gate dielectric gadolinium oxide deposited on Si(100) by dual ion beam deposition (DIBD)

Gadolinium oxide thin films have been prepared on silicon (100) substrates with a low-energy dual ion-beam epitaxial technique. Substrate temperature was an important factor to affect the crystal structures and textures in an ion energy range of 100-500 eV. The films had a monoclinic Gd2O3 structure with preferred orientation ((4) over bar 02) at low substrate temperatures. When the substrate temperature was increased, the orientation turned to (202), and finally, the cubic structure appeared at the substrate temperature of 700 degreesC, which disagreed with the previous report because of the ion energy. The AES studies found that Gadolinium oxide shared Gd2O3 structures, although there were a lot of oxygen deficiencies in the films, and the XPS results confirmed this. AFM was also used to investigate the surface images of the samples. Finally, the electrical properties were presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

高频等离子法制取超细Si_3N_4粉末

本文述及高频等离子法制取超细Si_3N_4粉末的原理、装置,工艺参数及粉末性能的一些检测结果。利用SiCl_4+NH_3气-气相反应,所得白色粉末含有NH_4Cl晶体,热重分析表明350℃失重停止,280℃失重速率最快,经400～700℃处理后的粉末仍为非晶,不含NH_4Cl,BET测得比表面积为75.8 m~2/g,X光小角度散射法测粒子半径分布主峰R为100～150,且符合正态对数分布规律,平均直径=527;1400℃处理后,X光衍射测得主相为α-Si_3N_4、次相为Si_2N_2O,粒径明显长大,平均直径达1700。

GH37合金经激光表面熔凝后的组织与强度

本文研究了 GH37合金经连续 CO_2激光束辐照及补充热处理后的显微组织特点,和激光局部熔凝以及施加不同的后续热处理对热作用区显微硬度、700℃下的旋转弯曲疲劳、800℃下的拉伸及持久等力学性能的影响.结果表明,该合金经激光熔凝后,必须重新调整热作用区的组织状态使晶界碳化物晶内γ′相合适析出,以及尽量减少熔区枝晶间的元素偏析和消除辐照后的残余热应力等,才能使力学性能恢复到满意的指标。试验表明,适于本合金特点的处理工艺为:预热辐照,1050℃,4h,空冷;800℃,16h,空冷.

第16届国际理论和应用力学大会

<正> 1.一般情况 国际理论和应用力学联合会(IUTAM)召开的第16届国际理论和应用力学大会(ICTAM),于1984年8月20—25日在丹麦的哥本哈根举行。会议参加者共700余人。会议除开幕大会报告(Alfven:空间研究和宇宙中流体介质力学的新方法)和闭幕大会报告(Keller:力学研究的进展和问题)外,还按分组报告、分组开场报告,一般报告和墙报等多种方式进行,大会重点主题是一个:“海洋与结构的波相互作用”, “多组分介质的微

基于光纤布拉格光栅的翼型悬臂板荷载监测

采用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器作为荷载监测的应变传感器,建立实时、在位荷载识别的有效算法。基于一种图形化编程语言Labview 8.0在动态光纤光栅解调仪(sm130-700,MOI)软件平台上开发了在线荷载监测系统,并应用于翼型悬臂板的荷载监测实验。结果表明,该在线荷载监测系统能够高精度地识别荷载的位置和荷载大小,且有较好的容错性。

具有梯度结构表层301不锈钢的压缩性能

利用表面机械研磨处理技术,在301奥氏体不锈钢中得到晶粒尺度呈梯度分布的变形表层,进行了压缩试验和微观组织观察。结果表明,变形表层中晶粒可细化至100nm。相比原始态的屈服强度236MPa,具有变形梯度表层后屈服强度增加到436MPa,变形后的加工硬化指数为0.31,经400和700℃的退火后分别增加到0.32和0.35。另外,随着应变速率的增加,流变应力增大而加工硬化能力降低.

铁基合金激光熔覆组织及其冲击磨损性能

结果表明熔覆组织为过共晶组织,凝固领先相为M_7C_3碳化物,枝晶间共晶为γ-奥氏体M_7C_3,γ为具有较高合金元素过饱和含量的亚稳相,M_7C_3(M=Cr,Fe,W等)为六方结构的Cr基合金碳化物.高温时效过程中熔覆组织存在M_7C_3+γ→M_(23)C_6及M_7C_3+γ→M_6C的原位转变,同时在非平衡γ中析出M_(23)C_6、M_2C与MC碳化物.熔覆组织具有较高的显微硬度(HV920_(0.2)并存在显著的二次硬化特征,二次硬化峰值温度及峰值硬度分别为700℃及HV1160_(0.2).此外,熔覆组织还具有较高的冲击磨损性能.

Molecular dynamics simulation of adhesion forces in a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membrane

Adhesion forces of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine ( DPPC) membrane in the gel phase are investigated by molecular dynamics ( MD) simulation. In the simulations, individual DPPC molecules are pulled out of DPPC membranes with different rates and we get the maximum adhesion forces of DPPC membrane. We find that the maximum adhesion forces increase with pull rate, from about 400 to 700 pN when pull rates are from 0.001 to 0.03 nm/ps. We analyze the relationship between pull rate and adhesion forces of different origins using Brownian dynamics and notice that viscosity of solvent plays an important role in adhesion forces. Then we simulate the motion of a single DPPC molecule in solvent and it elucidates that the maximum drag force is almost linear with respect to the pull rate. We use Stokes' relation to describe the motion of a single DPPC molecule and deduce the effective length of a DPPC molecule. Conformational analyses indicate that the free energy variation of a DPPC molecule inside and outside of the DPPC membrane is an essential part of adhesion energy.