Design of a Self-Adaptive Down-Hole Layered Steam Injector and Its Application

Layered steam injection, widely used in Liaohe Oilfield at Present, is an effective recovery technique to heavy oil reserves. Which makes the steam front-peak push forward uniformly, the amount of steam injection be assigned rationally, and the effect of injection steam be obtained as expected. To maintain a fixed ratio of layered steam injection and solve the problem of nonadjustable hole diameter with the change of layer pressure in the existing injectors, a new method is proposed in this paper to design layered steam injectors based on the dynamic balance theory. According to gas-liquid two-phase flow theory and beat transfer theory, the energy equation and the heat conduction equation in boreholes are developed. By analyzing the energy equilibrium of water-steam passing through the injector hole, we find an expression to describe the relation between the cross-sectional area of injector hole and the layer pressure. With this expression, we provide a new set of calculation methods and write the corresponding computer program to design and calculate the main parameters of a steam injector. The actual measurement data show that the theoretically calculated results are accurate, the software runs reliably, and they provide the design of self-adjustable layered steam injectors with the theoretical foundation.

三角帆蚌死亡情况的调查研究

<正> 当前淡水珍珠生产大多是采用三角帆蚌育珠。作为育珠生产用的三角帆蚌,在生产过程中常大批死亡,造成重大经济损失,为广大蚌珠生产者及有关科研人员所关注。作者曾在1982年报道了三角帆蚌细菌性疾病的研究,认为点状产气单胞菌的一新亚种—帆蚌点状产气单胞菌(Aeromonas punctata

Preparation of self-supporting hierarchical nanostructured anatase/rutile composite TiO2 film

Via the combination of an electrospinning method with a hydrothermal reaction, a large-scale cedar-like hierarchical nanostructured TiO2 film with an anatase/rutile composite phase was fabricated.

成骨细胞铺展形状和面积对其凋亡的影响

<正>骨组织内的三种细胞(即骨细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞)控制着骨的形成与吸收。骨细胞位于胞外矿物质沉积形成的骨陷窝内,而成骨细胞与破骨细胞位于骨小梁的表面。成骨细胞在向骨细胞进行分化的过程中,首先大量分泌细胞外基质逐渐将自身束缚在一个狭小的空间内,并最终在这种狭小的空间中分化为骨细胞。另一方面,成骨细胞紧密排列在骨小梁的表面,细胞间距离约为1μm,当分化为骨细胞后,细胞间距离

非拦截式弱束流剖面测量方法的研究----剩余气体束流剖面探测系统的研制

随着加速器束流诊断技术的不断发展，非拦截式束流测量方法及弱束流诊断技术在加速器领域被广泛应用。为了跟踪国际上加速器技术研究前沿，配合HIRFL改造，以满足CSR大科学工程对HIRFL束流品质及调束效率提出的更高要求，本论文开展了弱束流测量方法的研究和一种新型的非拦截式束流位置及剖面探测装置的研制。论文中简要概述了国际国内加速器束流诊断技术的发展现状以及非拦截式弱束流测量技术在加速器中的应用，调研了国际上研制的利用剩余气体获取束流参数的各种束诊设备，为开展本课题的研究奠定了理论基础；论文中重点论述了研制剩余气体束流剖面探测系统的工作原理，利用平行板电极形成的均匀电场收集束流与剩余气体分子碰撞时产生的剩余气体正离子，通过微通道板与连续型电阻阳极构成的位置灵敏探测器将剩余气体正离子放大、读出，最终获得束流位置及剖面等参数；详细介绍了剩余气体束流剖面测量系统的设计，包括机械装置和信号获取系统，机械部分主要由真空测量室、平行板式高压电极和位置灵敏探测器组成，获取系统由电荷灵敏前置放大器、主放大器、加法器、位置灵敏分析器、计算机多道分析系统及符合电路组成；最后给出了离线和在线测试实验分析结果。本论文主要基于剩余气体电离理论，以非拦截式束流探测技术为主导思想，从理论上分析了利用剩余气体测量束流位置及束流剖面的可行性，首次在国内加速器领域研制出剩余气体束流剖面探测装置，并将其应用于重离子加速器实验，初步实验结果证明系统设计结构合理，测量灵敏度，位置分辨及线性基本达到了系统设计要求。本课题的研究无论是对于HIRFL非拦截诊断技术的扩展，还是对于HIRFL-CSR束诊系统的发展都具有深远意义。

A strategy for constructing a hybrid bilayer membrane based on a carbon substrate

We construct a hybrid bilayer membrane (HBM) on a new substrate-carbon electrode. It is an extension of HBM based on other substrates. Primary alkylamine was chemically modified onto the surface of a carbon electrode by electrochemical scans; thus, a monolayer was formed on the electrode. Because the alkane chains section is toward the outside, a hydrophobic surface was constructed. Then a lipid monolayer was spread on the hydrophobic surface of the carbon electrode. The formed HBM was characterized by electrochemical and ATR-FT-IR methods. From ATR-FT-IR results, the lipid order parameter (S) of 0.73 was obtained. This kind of hybrid membrane has the advantages of a lipid/alkanethiol HBM. A potential application of this HBM as a biosensor (detecting K+) was given.

基于神经网络的永磁同步电机矢量控制

采用单神经元自适应PID控制器对永磁同步电机进行了调速控制。详细介绍了PMSM(PermanentMagnetSynchronousMotor)的矢量控制原理。最后给出PMSM单神经元自适应PID控制的仿真结果和硬件实现方法。仿真结果表明,该系统具有良好的动态性能。