152 resultados para 413

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法模拟了再入速度为7.5km/s,高度分别为80、85、90km,物壁是完全漫反射有限催化壁的圆柱绕流。在80km考察了壁面催化率的影响。计算结果表明: 稀薄程度对壁面物理量和流场结构有十分显著的影响,热力学和化学非平衡效应显著。随着高度降低,壁面催化率对壁面热流量等有明显影响。而流场沿物面方向变化比较缓慢,应用较粗的沿壁向网格也可以得到满意的宏观结果。作了球体绕流的数值模拟并与半球头柱头部热流量的实验结果作了比较,二者符合良好。

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<正> Ⅰ.概况 国际气体放电会议(ICPIG)每两年举行一次,主要交流在气体放电领域中有关的研究和发展情况。ICPIG-17由匈牙利Roland Etvs物理学会和物理中心研究所组织,匈牙利科学院赞助,在布达佩斯技术大学举行。会期1985年7月8—12日。到会代表360人,其中我国1人。邀请报告共31篇,其中11篇在大会上宣读。张贴论文共394篇。

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具有剪应力的自由湍流到下游相当远的地点由于能量的逐渐耗损将衰变成为类似均匀各向同性湍流的后期运动。如同处理后一种流动问题一样,我们现在根据湍流是由涡旋所组成的概念来求自由湍流的后期运动解。求涡旋运动解的动力学的基础是湍流速度涨落方程。在后期湍流场中湍流Reynolds数比较小,故方程中的非线性项可以略去。再考虑到组成湍流的涡旋尺寸比较小,在每个涡旋范围内平均湍流速度和它的坐标梯度可以近似地认为和坐标的改变无关。我们求线性化了之后的湍流速度涨落方程如下的近似解:涨落速度的一部分代表均匀各向同性湍流的后期运动:另一部分是和平均流速的坐标梯度成正比,后一部分要比前一部分为小。从这样的近似解得出的Reynolds剪应力是和平均流速的坐标梯度成正此。当作这一般解的特例我们求一个二元尾流的后期运动。在产生尾流的物体的后面还置放一个平面与尾流对称平面成垂直的栅格。这个栅格在它的下游可产生一个迭加在物体所产生的尾流场上的均匀各向同性的湍流(?)。我们的解是适用在离物体和栅格相当远处的后期运动,但此处的流场距栅格较近,所以栅格所产生的均匀各向同性湍流要比尾流的湍流度为高,因此一般解的近似条件是可以满足的。本论文给出尾流平均流速和速度涨落平方平均值的解。

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分析了在高温气流中材料表面催化复合反应的基本过程及它和各种因素的关系,同时简述了用于研究材料表面催化特性的实验设备-高频感应等离子体风洞。文中给出了在高频感应等离子体风洞中测得的三种材料的催化复合系数γ及催化复合反应速率常数k_w,并对催化材料的选择等有关问题进行了讨论。

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目的:探讨采用工程材料力学中抗弯梁的力学模型,通过兔胫骨三点弯测试,获得整骨材料力学测试方法实用的力学参数。方法:采用10只正常成年大耳白兔下肢骨标本,共10对胫骨,行三点弯力学测试。作为骨的三维实体模型建立后,虚拟加载的一种实验对比模式。支承跨距为80mm。结果:得到10对正常大耳白兔胫骨抗弯力学参数。胫骨最大载荷所对应的加载点挠度平均值右侧(2.737±0.262)mm,左侧(2.739±0.233)mm;胫骨的最大载荷(代表抗弯强度)的平均值右侧(17.803±2.675)kg,左侧(18.366±2.653)kg;胫骨最大载荷前载荷-挠度曲线下面积平均值右侧(23.829±4.413)kg·mm,左侧(24.725±4.101)kg·mm;胫骨载荷 ̄挠度曲线线性部分斜率(代表抗弯刚性)平均值右侧(7.545±1.310)kg/mm,左侧(7.631±1.174)kg/mm。结论:正常家兔胫骨个体间差异较大,建议三点弯测试实验中采用双侧配对比较。

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在地震等灾变破坏发生之前会出现一定的前兆现象,本文通过损伤力学模型,运用数值计算的方法对此进行了研究从计算结果可以看到,在灾变破坏发生之前,由损伤所释放的能量(能量释放)和加卸栽响应比值Y都发生了异常明显的变化,这表明二者具有相同的物理机制,在一定程度上都能够较为定量地刻画出系统的损伤演化过程如果把二者相结合则可能对地震等灾变破坏做出更为准确的预测,本文结合实际震例对此也进行了一定的研究.

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天然气水合物是一种高效、洁净和储量巨大的新型能源,一般蕴含于砂岩、粘土以及其它土质的沉积物中.对水合物沉积物力学性质的实验研究,是水合物地层中基础稳定性分析和水合物开发评价重要的热点课题之一.本文首先介绍了水合物沉积物合成与分解实验、物性参数测量技术以及力学性质实验装置的主要组成部分和特点,然后介绍了目前国内外在水合物沉积物合成和分解及力学性质实验一体化装置和实验研究两个方面所取得的成果,最后指出在实验装置、测试技术和实验研究方面存在的问题以及今后研究的重点和方向.

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Space-resolved spectra of line-shaped laser-produced magnesium plasmas in the normal direction of the target have been obtained using a pinhole crystal spectrograph. These spectra are treated by a spectrum analyzing code for obtaining the true spectra and fine structures of overlapped lines. The spatial distributions of electron temperature and density along the normal direction of the target surface have been obtained with different spectral diagnostic techniques. Especially, the electron density plateaus beyond the critical surface in line-shaped magnesium plasmas have been obtained with a fitting technique applied to the Stark-broadened Ly-alpha wings of hydrogenic ions. The difference of plasma parameters between those obtained by different diagnostic techniques is discussed. Other phenomena, such as plasma satellites, population inversion, etc., which are observed in magnesium plasmas, are also presented.

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Microtubules (MT) are composed of 13 protofilaments, each of which is a series of two-state tubulin dimers. In the MT wall, these dimers can be pictured as "lattice" sites similar to crystal lattices. Based on the pseudo-spin model, two different location states of the mobile electron in each dimer are proposed. Accordingly, the MT wall is described as an anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) pseudo-spin system considering a periodic triangular "lattice". Because three different "spin-spin" interactions in each cell exist periodically in the whole MT wall, the system may be shown to be an array of three types of two-pseudo-spin-state dimers. For the above-mentioned condition, the processing of quantum information is presented by using the scheme developed by Lloyd.

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A cascaded Fresnel digital hologram (CFDH) is proposed, together with its mathematical derivation. Its application to watermarking has been demonstrated by a simulation procedure, in which the watermark image to be hidden is encoded into the phase of the host image. The watermark image can be deciphered by the CFDH setup, the reconstructed image shows good quality and the error is almost close to zero. Compared with previous technique, this is a lensless architecture which minimizes the hardware requirement, and it is used for the encryption of digital image.

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增益或损耗对光纤的传输特性影响很大。使用Davidenko方法对复折射率光纤的传输特性进行了分析。研究了复折射率纤芯或复折射率包层阶跃光纤,通过比较发现,使用Davidenko方法得到的解与精确解符合得很好。对于芯区为复折射介质的光纤,HE11模与LP01模增益值偏差约为0.6%;对于包层区为复折射率介质的光纤,HE11模与LP01模增益值偏差约为2%。实际研究工作中,为了得到更精确的结果,应该求解全矢量的复本征方程,尤其是包层具有增益或损耗的光纤。

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研究了7种轴向配位的萘酞菁硅配合物的激发态性质、产生单重态氧的能力及对几种氨基酸的光敏氧化能力.研究表明,对于相同浓度的不同配合物来说,随着轴向配位基团推电子能力的逐渐增强,激发三重态寿命降低,产生单重态氧的能力逐渐下降,而产生单重态氧的能力是光敏氧化氨基酸反应速率的决定因素,因此,其光敏氧化氨基酸的一级反应速率常数逐渐减小.

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Hybrid ZnO/ormosils Elms are prepared by the sol-gel method. A FT-IR spectrometer, 900 UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer, atomic force microscope, and ellipsometer are employed to investigate microstructure and optical properties of the films fired at different temperatures. The results show that the films with high transmittance and low surface roughness could be obtained at the heat-treatment temperature of 150 degrees C, the refractive index and thickness of the film are 1.413, 2.11 mu m, respectively. Higher temperatures (350 degrees C, 550 degrees C) change the Elm microstructure severely, and then decrease the transmittance of the films.