165 resultados para 274

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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The first-passage failure of quasi-integrable Hamiltonian si-stems (multidegree-of-freedom integrable Hamiltonian systems subject to light dampings and weakly random excitations) is investigated. The motion equations of such a system are first reduced to a set of averaged Ito stochastic differential equations by using the stochastic averaging method for quasi-integrable Hamiltonian systems. Then, a backward Kolmogorov equation governing the conditional reliability function and a set of generalized Pontryagin equations governing the conditional moments of first-passage time are established. Finally, the conditional reliability function, and the conditional probability density and moments of first-passage time are obtained by solving these equations with suitable initial and boundary conditions. Two examples are given to illustrate the proposed procedure and the results from digital simulation are obtained to verify the effectiveness of the procedure.

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本文主要目的是研究化学非平衡对高超声速小钝锥尾流辐射的影响。计算结果表明:激发发射辐射比化学发光辐射重要,红外辐射比可见光辐射重要。结果还表明:由化学非平衡瞬时辐射模型计算求得的NO5.3μ的辐射能比由局部平衡辐射模型求得的辐射能大30~70%。由此可知,小钝锥尾流的化学非平衡辐射模型对辐射的影响是不能忽略的。

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本文讨论了土壤含水量和蒸散量对牧草生长量的影响过程,提出牧草干物质增长模式,并根据青海海北高寒草甸地区的气象条件,对牧草生长量模式进行数值模拟,同时,与实测值进行比较,模拟结果与实测值趋向一致,可为牧草产草量预报提供一定实用价值和科学依据。

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Schwarz对称原理结合复应力函数的奇异性分析的方法,对于分析集中载荷问题有独特的优越性.本文利用这个方法研究了任意位置的集中弯矩作用下含共圆圆弧裂纹板的弯曲问题,获得了一般问题解答.给出一个实际重要情形的封闭形式解;最后求得了弯曲应力强度因子公式.本文公式的特殊情形,与现有经典结果吻合.

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本文综合Chorin的涡方法、网格涡方法和泊松方程快速解法的优点,采用固定离散涡的数目和位置,随时间变化调整离散涡强度的计算方法,对Kc数在1到5之间,β数在10到1665之间圆柱在振荡流动中的流场结构进行了数值模拟。并与U型振荡水槽中的流场涡结构显示照片比较,计算结果表明,数值解在稳定性和收敛性方面都是比较好的。与显示照片相比,其符合程度也是令人满意的。

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本文提出用计算机技术标定压电测力传感器的方法。提高了标定精度,方便可靠地得到传感器的动态和静态性能,迅速处理大量标定数据;适于实验室中标定压电测力传感器。

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本文介绍在水洞中做的作用于波浪形边界附近的水动力特性的实验研究。在基于圆柱模型直径的 R_c=10~4~1.9×10~4 范围内,测量了圆柱在波谷、波峰和不同距离上的阻力、升力脉动变化的频率。流谱显示实验揭示了尾流结构随距离-直径比 G/D 的变化情况及圆柱与边界相互作用的机制。

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研究了自动限温加热带的电—热性能,得到的结果表明:主动电阻与温度为双曲线关系,功率与温度成线性关系,二者是相互关联的.这是由于加热带通电工作时具有自动限温能力,而自动限温的能力来自加热带的被动电阻具有很高的正温度系数的(PTC)特性所致.讨论了影响加热带输出功率的因素.

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本文从流体动力学模型出发,引用星盘曲线坐标系,求解了有限厚度盘状星系的三维基态,在薄盘条件(ε<1)下,求得了零级近似、一级近似的解析解,过程十分简明。在附录中,给出了一般的非对称的泊松方程解式。

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本文考虑炮风洞喷管开放后的自由活塞压缩过程,建立了活塞运动方程和喷管流动方程,并采用有限差分法和电子计算机进行了计算.根据计算结果,讨论了在各种初始条件下,喷管开放后活塞的过冲、反跳、摆动及平衡运行和峰压等有关问题.并把这些结果与传统的以闭喷管为基础的平衡活塞运行技术及一些实验结果进行了比较,对有关炮风洞的调试工作提出了一些有意义的参考数据.

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本文对CO_2-N_2-H_2O激光体系提出了三振型四温度的振动弛豫模型,并给出了较严格的弛豫方程组.对准一维非平衡流计算中有关的一系列问题作了分析,并用自己整理的弛豫速率数据进行了大量的数值计算.我们的计算结果消除了其他作者的计算与实验不能很好相符的现象.加大膨胀面积比,可有效地改进器件性能,适当地减小喉道高度,对性能也有所改进.对于燃烧型气动激光器,滞止温度有一个最佳值,在1400—1600°K范围内.与Anderson的论证相异,我们的计算结果表明,在高滞止温度、大面积比的喷管流中,水的最佳含量仍在1%附近,器件性能随水含量的增加而迅速变坏.研究了各段喷管型线对器件性能的影响.初步讨论了弛豫模型、方程和数据对计算的影响,表明它们对结果影响颇大.

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高速飞机及飞航导弹在飞行过程中受到气动力的快速加热和快速加载.为了最充分地利用结构材料强度进行合理设计,必须研究金属结构材料在快速加载、快速加热下的力学性能.本文叙述了一种短时高温拉伸试验设备;这设备能以小于85 kg/s的速率对试件进行恒速加载,以小于80℃/s的速率进行快速升温;试件50mm标距内温度梯度小于5℃;整个加热控温过程和应力应变测量记录过程均系自动进行.在此设备上可进行高温快速拉伸和短时蠕变等实验,并已进行了低碳钢,等材料的短时拉伸、短时蠕变、恒裁等加热率的实验.文内列有图表,并对结果进行了初步讨论.

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The gliding behavior of edge dislocation near a grain boundary(QB) in copper under pure shear stresses is simulated by using molecular dynamics(MD) method. Many-body potential incorporating the embedded atom method (EAM) is used. The critical shear stresses for a single disocation to pass across GB surface are obtained at values of sigma(c)=23MPa similar to 68 MPa and 137 MPa similar to 274 MPa for Sigma=165 small angle tilt GB at 300 K and 20 K, respectively. The first result agrees with the experimental yield stress sigma(y)(=42 MPa) quite well. It suggests that there might be one of the reasons of initial plastic yielding caused by single dislocation gliding across GB. In addition, there might be possibility to obtain yield strength from microscopic analysis. Moreover, the experimental value of sigma(y) at low temperature is generally higher than that at room temperature. So, these results are in conformity qualitatively with experimental fact. On the other hand, the Sigma=25 GB is too strong an obstacle to the dislocation. In this case, a dislocation is able to pass across GB under relatively low stress only when it is driven by other dislocations. This is taken to mean that dislocation pile-up must be built up in front of this kind of GB, if this GB may take effect on the process of plastic deformation.

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本工作研究了从单一投影面测量块体晶体材料内部特征面的EBSD方法。首先对样品表面进行SEM观察并采集图像,利用图像分析软件测量各迹线在样品台坐标系的取向。然后进行EBSD扫描获得迹线两侧各晶粒对应的取向,进一步利用坐标变换关系计算出晶粒内部的特征面迹线在晶格坐标中的方向指数。最后将全部测量的迹线的极点标示到反极图中,并与各低指数晶面的大圆位置进行对比,重合度最高的晶面就是特征面最可能的晶体学取向面。