Analysis of strip electric saturation model of crack problem in piezoelectric materials

This paper presents a fully anisotropic analysis of strip electric saturation model proposed by Gao et al. (1997) (Gao, H.J., Zhang, T.Y., Tong, P., 1997. Local and global energy release rates for an electrically yielded crack in a piezoelectric ceramic. J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 45, 491-510) for piezoelectric materials. The relationship between the size of the strip saturation zone ahead of a crack tip and the applied electric displacement field is established. It is revealed that the critical fracture stresses for a crack perpendicular to the poling axis is linearly decreased with the increase of the positive applied electric field and increases linearly with the increase of the negative applied electric field. For a crack parallel to the poring axis, the failure stress is not effected by the parallel applied electric field. In order to analyse the existed experimental results, the stress fields ahead of the tip of an elliptic notch in an infinite piezoelectric solid are calculated. The critical maximum stress criterion is adopted for determining the fracture stresses under different remote electric displacement fields. The present analysis indicates that the crack initiation and propagation from the tip of a sharp elliptic notch could be aided or impeded by an electric displacement field depending on the field direction. The fracture stress predicted by the present analysis is consistent with the experimental data given by Park and Sun (1995) (Park, S., Sun, C.T., 1995. Fracture criteria for piezoelectric materials. J. Am. Ceram. Soc 78, 1475-1480).

脉冲激光离散加工熔池形态及其影响因素的研究

研究了Nd:YAG脉冲激光离散加工时功率密度和作用时间对熔池几何形态的影响，5CrMnMo 钢的实验结果表明：在本文所涉及的加工条件下，熔池存在热传导型和深熔型两种形态；激光作用时间小于4ms时，在相同作用时间下，随着激光功率密度的增加，熔池深宽比显著增加；但当作用时间大于4ms后，功率密度对深宽比的影响减弱，基于线性热传导模型的计算结果表明：熔凝起始阶段的固态加热过程可忽略；熔池几何尺寸在激光脉冲结束后某个时刻达到最大值；当平均功率密度大于5x10(5)W/cm(2),同时激光作用时间大于2ms时,热传导型激光熔池向深熔型激光熔池转变。

合成孔径激光成像雷达(Ⅲ):双向环路发射接收望远镜

提出了一种用于合成孔径激光成像雷达的双向环路结构的发射接收望远镜,双向环路包括发射4-f转像系统、接收4-f转像系统和独立的望远镜。发射通道中设置离焦和相位调制平板偏置,接收通道中设置离焦和相位平板偏置。控制发射离焦量,发射相位调制函数,接收离焦量,接收相位调制函数,用同一个望远镜可以同时实现空间二次项相位附加偏置的激光发射和消除目标点散射回波接收波面像差的离焦光学接收,并产生雷达运动方向上合适的和可控制的相位二次项历程,从而实现孔径合成成像。详细介绍了系统设计,给出了从发射到光电外差接收的全过程传输方程。

飞秒激光散斑相关法

利用飞秒激光散斑的信息，可以得知散射体的空间运动信息。为此提出了飞秒激光散斑相关测量技术，将散射体变化或移动前后的飞秒散斑场分别用CCD探测器记录下来并储存于计算机中，对移动前的飞秒散斑场和移动后的飞秒散斑场进行相关性运算，就可以确定出散射体的有关特性或移动量，实现对飞秒散斑场移动实时测量。结果表明，实验中散射体的位移量与用相关算法得到散射体的移动量相吻合，证实了飞秒散斑相关法测量的可行性。

CW-pumped evanescent amplification based on side-polished fiber with heavily Er3+-doped glass overlay

A novel diffractive-pumping scheme is proposed to improve the evanescent amplification using blazed fiber grating for the first time. We also investigate the cw-pumped-evanescent amplification at 1.55 mu m wavelength with the relative optical gain pumped at 1480 nm of around 2 dB based on side-polished fiber with the effective interaction length as long as 16 mm and with a heavily Er3+-doped (N-Er(3+) > 1.19 x 10(21) ions/cm(3)), low refractive index (n(1550) < 1.47) glass overlay, which has no concentration quenching (tau(f) = 9.0 ms).

飞秒激光用多层介质膜脉宽压缩光栅的设计

以薄膜光学的干涉理论和衍射光学的傅里叶模式理论为基础，给出了0．8μm飞秒激光器用多层介质膜脉宽压缩光栅的理论设计；设计采用H3L（HL）^9H0．5L2．4H的多层介质膜为基底，当刻蚀后表面浮雕结构的占宽比为0．35，线密度为1480线／mm，槽深为0．2μm，顶层HfO2的剩余厚度为0．15μm时，对于Littrow角度（36．7°）和TE波模式入射的衍射光栅其-1级衍射效率达到95％以上．

“克洛曲 (复方克痛宁 )研究”获云南省科学技术二等奖

由中国科学院昆明动物研究所熊郁良、王婉瑜研究员主持的该项研究工作 ,在国际上首次发明了一种高效、广谱 ,具有镇痛、戒毒双重作用的新型不成瘾药物———克洛曲。该药以蛇毒神经毒为主 ,辅以起效快的曲马多、布洛芬 ,组成一个全面作用于中枢、外周神经传导突触后Ａｃｈ及植物神经系统的新复方制剂 ,在药效学、药理学及正交试验方面证明均优于国内外现有镇痛药。它克服了神经毒 (克痛宁 )起效慢、曲马多仅作用于中枢镇痛和可能产生耐药性或会成瘾、布洛芬仅作用于植物神经解热镇痛的缺点 ,将三条作用途径组成“克洛曲” ,充分发挥了各药品的特点 ,形成起效快、镇痛时间长、高效、广谱、毒性低的新型镇痛药物 ;该药还具有戒毒作用 ,且不成瘾 ,对患者免疫功能及性功能恢复都有显著效果。该工作为毒素研究和应用开创了一条新途径 ,有关论文在国际会议多次报道并全文刊登 ,受到好评。克洛曲作为镇痛药物已经卫生部新药办公室及医药管理局批准并获生产批文 ,列入部颁试验标准。 2 0 0 0年已在全国上市 ,并在云南省及全国部分地区作为戒毒辅助用药推广应用。目前正在进一步补充完善材料 ,拟报批为戒毒特药。该工作1998年经中国科学院组织专家鉴定 。

Cu~(2+)对一种绿球藻生长及生理特性的影响

研究了不同浓度的Cu2+(0.01,0.1,1,10,50,100,200mg/L)对绿球藻(Chlorococcumsp.)生长、形态结构及生理特性的影响.结果表明,Cu2+对绿球藻的显微结构、生长及生理状态的影响比较显著.与对照BG11培养的绿球藻比较,0.01～1mg/LCu2+浓度下培养的绿球藻,细胞壁无明显增厚,色素没有多大变化,但蛋白核由一个变为多个;而在高浓度(10～200mg/LCu2+)下,细胞壁明显增厚为多层,色素减少,蛋白核减少并回复到1个或消失.低浓度Cu2+(0.01,0.1mg

Enhanced Proton Conduction in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes as Synthesized by Polymerization of Protic Ionic Liquid-Based Microemulsions

Proton-conducting membranes were prepared by polymerization of microemulsions consisting of surfactant-stabilized protic ionic liquid (PIL) nanodomains dispersed in a polymerizable oil, a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile. The obtained PIL-based polymer composite membranes are transparent and flexible even though the resulting vinyl polymers are immiscible with PIL cores. This type of composite membranes have quite a good thermal stability, chemical stability, tunability, and good mechanical properties. Under nonhumidifying conditions, PIL-based membranes show a conductivity up to the order of 1 x 10(-1) S/cm at 160 degrees C, due to the well-connected PIL nanochannels preserved in the membrane. This type of polymer conducting membranes have potential application in high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.

Broad-band semiconductor optical amplifiers

Broad-band semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) with different thicknesses and thin bulk tensile-strained active layers were fabricated and studied. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectra and gain spectra of SOAs were measured and analyzed at different CW biases. A maximal 3 dB ASE bandwidth of 136 nm ranging from 1480 to 1616 nm, and a 3 dB optical amplifier gain bandwidth of about 90 nm ranging from 1510 to 1600 nm, were obtained for the very thin bulk active SOA. Other SOAs characteristics such as saturation output power and polarization sensitivity were measured and compared. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Delay of the excited state lasing of 1310 nm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers by facet coating

In this letter, we present a facet coating design to delay the excited state (ES) lasing for 1310 nm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers. The key point of our design is to ensure that the mirror loss of ES is larger than that of the ground state by decreasing the reflectivity of the ES. In the facet coating design, the central wavelength is at 1480 nm, and the high- and low-index materials are Ta2O5 and SiO2, respectively. Compared with the traditional Si/SiO2 facet coating with a central wavelength of 1310 nm, we have found that with the optimal design the turning temperature of the ES lasing has been delayed from 90 to 100 degrees C for the laser diodes with cavity length of 1.2 mm. Furthermore, the characteristic temperature (T-0) of the laser diodes is also improved.