37 resultados para 1166

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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提出一个评价功能梯度材料裂扩展能量释放率的简单方法,用双悬臂梁柔度法推导了典型梯度材料理解纹沿梯度方向扩展的能量释放率解析表达式,用算例分析了裂纹扩展方向不同能量释放率的差别.

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A high-voltage measuring system, employing a quartz Pockels cell, is described. The system is capable of a large voltage range, a fast response time (ns), a high SNR, an excellent accuracy, a good linearity, and high reliability. Furthermore, the Pockels cell can be isolated from ground potential. Equally important, the detection system can be isolated from sources of electrical noise present in, for example, fast discharges.

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详细分析了蓝绿激光穿过大气海洋信道的信道效应和物理特性,利用理论分析和蒙特卡罗模拟方法完成对光信道仿真。介绍了大气海洋激光通信蒙特卡罗模拟方法及计算步骤。研究了不同厚度云层对光束投影面积的展宽,和光脉冲穿过不同深度海水后的空间分布和时域信号波形,讨论了其不同的展宽机理,并对信道的噪声分布进行了分析。发现云层对光脉冲展宽作用在云层厚度500 m时达到饱和,信号能量的随机起伏随海水深度的增加而增大,但能量分布的半峰全宽并不增加,大气海洋的综合信道效应可以用时延滤波器进行建模。

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In this paper, we report the synthesis of high-luminance Y2O3:Eu nanocrystal through a citrate-nitrate complexation combustion method at a low temperature of 200-280 degrees C. The as-combusted Y2O3:Eu phosphors are almost equiaxed crystallites with an average size of 30-40 run, and have an intense red luminescence. The present fuel-deficient method suggests that by control of the ratio of citric acid to nitrates, it is valuable for the fabrication of Y2O3 nanoparticles without heat treatment. This process should be applicable to a wide range of nanocrystal oxides.

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本研究以小麦与多枝赖草属间杂种后代BC_2F_3-F_6为基本材料,首先对其进行抗性鉴定和细胞学分析,从中选出一些抗性较好且体细胞染色体数2n = 42、PMC减数分裂期染色体配对比较正常的株系,进而以此为试材进行花药培养。研究过程中,解决了小麦远缘杂种后代花药培养愈伤组织诱导出愈率、绿苗分化率、最终绿苗得率、移栽成活率以及自然加倍率低等一个个障碍着小麦远缘杂种后代花药培养的关键性技术难题,获得了小麦与多枝赖草杂种后代花药培养的成功,共得到了150多个后代纯系的种子。 对这些后代纯系进行遗传标记技术鉴定。形态标记结果表明,后代材料中带有多枝赖草的标记性状,如耐盐、抗旱、抗黄矮、白粉病等;细胞学分析发现加倍单倍体(H_1)植株减数分裂染色体配对出现环形四价体、测交检测发现棒状二价体增加,初步鉴定选择出小麦与多枝赖草的纯合易位系。进一步利用现代分子生物学技术,进行分子标记、染色体原位杂交,结果表明材料中有外源(多枝赖草)染色体片段的存在。RFLP分析结果不仅证实外源基因的存在,而且初步实现了外源染色体片段的定位。RAPD分析结果,筛选出22个在多枝赖草与普通小麦间有多态性的引物,可以用来对多枝赖草的杂交后代进行分析。所鉴定的三个后代材料中,均扩增出了多枝赖草的同源特性征带,其中“82”2条、“87”2条、“116”6条。进一步说明这些材料中含有多枝赖草的染色体片段。从分子水平上分析证实已将多枝赖草的染色体片段或基因导入普通小麦,获得了纯合易位系。结合综合农艺性状调查、小区产量比较试验以及田间筛选试验等方面的工作,从中筛选鉴定出了一批既有外源基因(如抗黄矮病、抗旱、耐盐等)导人,且农艺性状好的小麦易位系新种质。同时,结合以往的研究工作,建立起一套小麦属间杂种通过花药培养快速获得纯合易位系的技术体系和相应的操作程序。

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水母雪莲(Saussurea medusa Maxim.)为多年生菊科植物,是我国珍稀药用资源。所含的主要生物活性成分是黄酮类物质,具有抗炎、镇痛、免疫抑制及抗氧化等功效。但由于水母雪莲生长环境特殊,生长缓慢,人工引种困难;加上长期掠夺性采挖,造成其野生药用资源短缺,已经不能满足市场的需求。近年来,世界上掀起了植物药开发的热潮,植物药以其天然低毒的特点倍受关注,而黄酮类化合物更是以其广谱的药理作用引人瞩目。 黄酮类化合物的合成代谢途径在植物界进化过程中很保守,黄酮类生物合成途径中的相关酶也已得到确证并进行了系统的研究。二氢黄酮醇-4-还原酶(Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, DFR)是一个处于花色素或者原花色素合成途径中的关键酶,它与黄酮合成途径中的黄酮醇合成酶(flavonol synthase)竞争底物。本研究以水母雪莲为研究对象,根据近缘物种DFR基因的保守核苷酸序列设计兼并引物,通过PCR技术,从已经建立的水母雪莲红色愈伤组织cDNA文库中筛选到一个编码该酶的cDNA序列,该序列全长1166个碱基对。根据生物信息学分析,此cDNA编码342个氨基酸;Blastp分析结果显示,该氨基酸序列与同科植物翠菊(Callistephus chinensis)的相似性最高,达87%;SWISSMODEL软件预测其蛋白的三级结构与葡萄(Vitis vinifera)的十分相似,活性中心的关键氨基酸残基也完全一致。据此可以断定,我们所得到的cDNA为编码二氢黄酮醇还原酶的基因,并命名为水母雪莲二氢黄酮醇还原酶基因(SmDFR)。为了得到SmDFR的DNA序列,我们又设计特异引物,从水母雪莲的基因组中扩增出了由1871个碱基对组成的DNA序列,该序列包含五个内含子和六个外显子。 为了提高水母雪莲和大苞雪莲中黄酮类物质的含量,我们构建了SmDFR的反义植物表达载体,利用根癌农杆菌介导进行基因转化。通过改变影响农杆菌转化的实验条件包括外植体来源、农杆菌菌株、细菌浓度、外植体预培养时间、侵染时间和乙酰丁香酮的浓度进行转基因试验,目前尚未得到转基因植株。另外,我们构建了SmDFR正义植物表达载体,通过对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana) DFR基因突变体和矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida)进行基因转化,来验证SmDFR的功能;目前,此实验尚在进行之中。

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】目的探讨皮质酮复合异丙肠对大鼠海马区锥体神经元产生的长时程抑俐的影响。方法制备私大鼠初。阿厚度的海马脑片, 随机分为组对照组、脂肪乳剂组、异丙酚组、皮质酮组、皮质酮十异丙酚组。对照组不加任何药物, 脂肪乳剂组、异丙酚组、皮质酮组、皮质酮十异丙酚组分别以拌几脂肪乳剂、拼异丙酚、严田司皮质酮、拌口皮质附复合卿心异丙酚预孵脑片, 然后给予低颇刺激, 记录工的表达情况。结果各组海马区锥体神经元给予公后, 都产生, 与对照组相比, 脂肪乳剂组给予邢后一班犯值没有明显变化, 异丙酚组、皮质酮组和皮质酮异丙酚组给予玲后一的犯值明显降低 , 且皮质用十异丙酚组给予后面兴奋性突触后电流与异丙酚组和皮质翻组相比, 差异有统计学惫义。摘论户异丙酚或件即皮

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Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is being analyzed by an increasing number of laboratories in order to investigate its potential role as an active marker of tumorigenesis in various types of cancer. Here we question the conclusions drawn in most of these investigations, especially those published in high-rank cancer research journals, under the evidence that a significant number of these medical mtDNA studies are based on obviously flawed sequencing results. Methods and Findings In our analyses, we take a phylogenetic approach and employ thorough database searches, which together have proven successful for detecting erroneous sequences in the fields of human population genetics and forensics. Apart from conceptual problems concerning the interpretation of mtDNA variation in tumorigenesis, in most cases, blocks of seemingly somatic mutations clearly point to contamination or sample mix-up and, therefore, have nothing to do with tumorigenesis. Conclusion The role of mitochondria in tumorigenesis remains unclarified. Our findings of laboratory errors in many contributions would represent only the tip of the iceberg since most published studies do not provide the raw sequence data for inspection, thus hindering a posteriori evaluation of the results. There is no precedent for such a concatenation of errors and misconceptions affecting a whole subfield of medical research.

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本文根据恢复生态学和景观生态学的基本原理,遵循自然规律和经济规律,依据当地生态条件和地表流沙分布状况,从水土资源优化配置角度出发,结合沙地植物自然分布的趋水性特征,采取以封育措施为主,因地制宜适度造林种草育藻,构建了一种创新的乔灌草藻四为一体的综合快速复合治沙模式,初步实现了脆弱生态系统趋于稳定,生物多样性明显增加,沙尘暴危害被有效遏制的目标。