亚微米尺度高速电光调制器的研究进展

基于SOI(silicon on insulator)材料的亚微米尺度电光调制器成为了研究Si光电子学的重点.评述了亚微米尺度下SOI脊型光波导实现单模条件、偏振无关、低耦合损耗的技术要求,分析并比较了几种基于不同光学结构和电学结构的电光调制器的原理和特性,讨论了达到高速电光调制的方式.

Eigenmode confinement in semiconductor microcavity lasers with an equilateral triangle resonator

We analyze the mode behaviors for semiconductor lasers with an equilateral triangle resonator by deriving the mode field distribution and the eigenvalue equation. The eigenvalue equation shows that the longitudinal mode wavelength interval is equivalent to that of a Fabry-Perot cavity with the cavity length of 1.5a, where a is the side length of the equilateral triangle resonator. The transverse waveguiding is equivalent to as a strip waveguide with the width of root 3a/ 2, and the number of transverse modes supported by the resonator is limited by the total reflection condition on the sides of the equilateral triangle. Semiconductor microcavity laser with an equilateral triangle resonator is suitable to realize single mode operation, and the mode wavelength can be adjusted by changing the side length.

Energy band and acceptor binding energy of GaN and AlxGa1-xN

The hole effective-mass Hamiltonian for the semiconductors of wurtzite structure is established, and the effective-mass parameters of GaN and AlxGa1-xN are given. Besides the asymmetry in the z and x, y directions, the linear term of the momentum operator in the Hamiltonian is essential in determining the valence band structure, which is different from that of the zinc-blende structure. The binding energies of acceptor states are calculated by solving strictly the effective-mass equations. The binding energies of donor and acceptor for wurtzite GaN are 20 and 131, 97 meV, respectively, which are inconsistent with the recent experimental results. It is proposed that there are two kinds of acceptors in wurtzite GaN. One kind is the general acceptor such as C, substituting N, which satisfies the effective-mass theory, and the other includes Mg, Zn, Cd etc., the binding energy of which deviates from that given by the effective-mass theory. Experimentally, wurtzite GaN was grown by the MBE method, and the PL spectra were measured. Three main peaks are assigned to the DA transitions from the two kinds of acceptor. Some of the transitions were identified as coming from the cubic phase of GaN, which appears randomly within the predominantly hexagonal material. The binding energy of acceptor in ALN is about 239, 158 meV, that in AlxGa1-xN alloys (x approximate to 0.2) is 147, 111 meV, close to that in GaN. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

封育措施对科尔沁沙地植被恢复的影响

过度放牧是科尔沁地区土地沙化的主要原因之一。围栏封育可以有效的抑制牲畜对植被的破坏，促进沙地植被恢复，从而改善区域的生态环境。本文以科尔沁沙地主要固沙植被——小叶锦鸡儿群落为研究对象，采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法，对比分析了不同封育年限和自然放牧条件下小叶锦鸡儿群落的土壤种子库特征、植被群落结构及空间异质性、土壤理化性质和土壤水分动态，较系统地探讨了封育措施对沙地植被恢复的影响。 研究结果表明：(1) 封育措施促使固沙植被区土壤种子库密度显著增加，自然放牧的小叶锦鸡儿群落封育2年、6年和12年后土壤种子库密度分别提高了15.7%、482.5%和728.1%；土壤种子库的物种多样性和均匀度随着封育时间的增加而降低；封育和放牧条件下小叶锦鸡儿群落土壤种子库均为聚集分布，封育措施降低了土壤种子库的空间异质性。(2) 封育措施对沙地植被恢复具有显著的促进作用，封育6年和12年后总植株密度分别提高了108.0%和239.3%，草本植物盖度分别提高了261.6%和271.6%；封育2年后群落的物种多样性增加，封育6年后群落的物种多样性和均匀度随着封育时间的增加而降低；放牧条件下小叶锦鸡儿群落植株密度具有强烈的空间自相关性，封育后空间自相关性降低。(3) 封育措施显著改善了土壤的养分状况，放牧地封育后土壤表层(0~10cm)的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾含量均有不同程度的增加；封育区土壤含水量在0~10cm及40~60cm深度高于放牧区，在10~40cm及60~120cm深度低于放牧区；土壤含水量随着封育时间的增加而逐渐减少，但封育措施对土壤含水量的影响并不显著。

Anti-HER-2-SEC2融合免疫毒素的构建和活性研究

以PCR技术从金黄色葡萄球菌基因组DNA中首次克隆编码成熟SECZ蛋白的全基因sec2。该基因共717bp，编码239个氨基酸，Genbank Accession number：AY450554。构建了SEC2的表达载体pET-28a-sec2，并在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中高效表达可溶性rSEC2蛋白。经亲和层析纯化，其纯度在95％以上，平均回收量为每升培养物40mg。纯化的rSEcZ保持了与野生型相当的生物学活性。以限制性核酸内切酶连接技术分别将两个抗人表皮生长因子受体HER-2单链抗体基因通过DNA Linker与sec2融合，构建融合基因b-l-sec2和ml小sec2，并以两种方式表达纯化。以pET-32a表达载体在E，coliAD494（DE3）中以氨基端融合大肠杆菌硫氧还蛋白（TrxA）形式高效表达融合蛋白TRX-B-L-SEC2和TRX-ML-L-SEC2，经亲和层析纯化，并以肠激酶切割得到成熟融合免疫毒素B-L-SEC2和ML-L-SEC2，其纯度在95％以上，平均回收量为每升培养物smg；以构建的新型表达载体pASK-75-EX在E.coliBL21（ED3）中以不溶性包涵体形式表达融合免疫毒素蛋白，经变性、纯化和复性后得到具有生物学活性的融合免疫毒素，其纯度在95％以上，平均回收量为每升培养物30mg。以两种方式制备的融合免疫毒素都保持了SECZ蛋白的免疫原性，都能有效刺激人外周血单个核细胞的增殖，并且都显示出在体外与HER-2过表达的乳腺癌细胞SK-Br-3特异性结合能力，具有显著的靶向性抑瘤作用。用PcR方法扩增了编码TrxA蛋白的基因trxA并克隆至表达载体pET-28a启动子上游，构建了一种在单质粒中利用两个相同的启动子游离共表达硫氧还蛋白与目的蛋白的表达载体。利用该载体可使TrxA与外源蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中以非融合形式高效共表达。共表达的TrxA可明显促进外源蛋白单链抗体ML3.9（scFv-ML）、3一轻基苯甲酸-6-单加氧酶（3HBA）的可溶性表达；并明显减少肠毒素C2（SEC2）、结核杆菌螺旋酶A亚基（GYRA）的包涵体表达。