264 resultados para 205-1255


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为了提高现有OpenModelica软件中对DAE系统的预处理模块中,求强连通分量与拓扑排序部分的性能,提出了基于Kosaraju算法实现的策略。首先阐述Modelica软件的实现原理,叙述拓扑排序相关算法在其中的重要性,再分析现有Modelica软件中使用的求强连通分量与拓扑排序部分的算法,然后比较Tarjan算法的实现方案与Kosaraju算法实现方案。通过实现两种方案,并对实验结果进行比较和分析,验证了Kosaraju算法方案的可行性和有效性。

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结合过去3年中设计、开发和部署BNeck系统的经验,分析了13个可用带宽度量系统的工作原理及软件实现,并在此基础上总结了可用带宽度量系统中存在的若干基本问题,对这些问题的研究,不仅有利设计和开发出高效、准确的度量系统,也有利于推动网络管理和视频通信等多个相关领域的共同发展。

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本文研究了Tween80—Span40复配乳化体系形成柴油微小乳状液的条件和乳化过程特点,用基本上是自发乳化方法制备了极稳定的液滴直径小于0.5μ的柴油微小乳状液

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Granules of waste tires were pyrolyzed tinder vacuum (3.5-10 kPa) conditions, and the effects of temperature and basic additives (Na2CO3, NaOH) on the properties of pyrolysis were thoroughly investigated. It was obvious that with or without basic additives, pyrolysis oil yield increased gradually to a maximum and subsequently decreased with a temperature increase from 450 degrees C to 600 degrees C, irrespective of the addition of basic additives to the reactor. The addition of NaOH facilitated pyrolysis dramatically, as a maximal pyrolysis oil yield of about 48 wt% was achieved at 550 degrees C without the addition of basic additives, while a maximal pyrolysis oil yield of about 50 wt% was achieved at 480 degrees C by adding 3 wt% (w/w, powder/waste tire granules) of NaOH powder. The composition analysis of pyrolytic naphtha (i.b.p. (initial boiling point) similar to 205 degrees C) distilled from pyrolysis oil showed that more dl-limonene was obtained with basic additives and the maximal content of dl-limonene in pyrolysis oil was 12.39 wt% which is a valuable and widely-used fine chemical. However, no improvement in pyrolysis was observed with Na2CO3 addition. Pyrolysis gas was mainly composed of H-2, CO, CH4, CO2, C2H4 and C2H6. Pyrolytic char had a surface area comparable to commercial carbon black, but its proportion of ash (above 11.5 wt%) was much higher.

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We report VLBI observations of 15 EGRET-detected AGNs with European VLBI Network (EVN) at 5 GHz. All sources in the sample display core-jet structures.

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采用样方法研究了首曲湿地功能区"黑土滩"退化草甸改良后3 a的群落特征变化,分析了围栏封育和补播"高寒1号"生态组合草种对退化草甸的恢复改良效果.结果显示:仅封育3 a后,"黑土滩"退化草甸群落的盖度、高度、地上生物量和可食牧草比例均显著提高,丰富度指数由0.55增加到0.75,多样性指数由0.07增加到了0.25;封育后补播"高寒1号"生态草种相对于封育前,使得退化草甸的盖度增加了56.00%,高度增加了11.74 cm,地上生物量增加了222.24 g/m~2,可食牧草比例增加了55.98%,物种数由5种/m~2增加到了15种/m~2,丰富度指数由0.55增加到了3.29,多样性指数由0.07增加到了1.85,均匀度指数由0.06增加到了0.27.相对围栏封育而言,封育后补播是一种更有效的"黑土滩"退化草甸改良恢复措施.围栏封育和补播配套实施可以显著改善"黑土滩"退化草地的群落貌相、草地生产力和组分结构状况.

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本工作研究了以三氯化铁为主催化剂,三异丁基铝为助催化剂,吡啶、苯胺、丙烯腈、乙二胺、四甲基乙二胺、2,2'-联比啶和邻啡啰啉等含氮化合物为配位体的催化体系聚合丁二烯。发现邻啡啰啉做配位体时,该体系有很高的催化活性,Fe/BD为3.0 * 10~(-5),Al/BD为2.0 * 10~(-3)时,聚合物收率可达90%以上。认为能与活性中心形成五圆或六圆螯合环的共轭含氮化合物做配位体,对聚合活性有非常显著的提高。而且共轭的程度愈高,活性愈高。故乙二胺、四甲基乙二胺、2,2'-联吡啶及邻啡啰啉虽然都能够与Fe形成五圆螯合物,但活性不一样:并用分子轨道理论进行了讨论。本文详细地研究了FeCl_3-Al(i-C_4H_9)_3-phen体系催化丁二烯聚合,考察了phen、Al(i-C_4H_9)_3的用量及聚合温度对催化活性、聚合物特性粘数及微观结构的影响。加入phen得到中乙烯基PBD(1,2-结构为40%-60%),而不加入phen则得到顺式1,4-结构较高的PBD(顺式-1,4结构为74.4%)。该体系得到的PBD的特性粘数一般大于10,难以加工,故进行了分子量调节的尝试。体系中加入氯化正丁烷、溴代正丙烷、碘甲烷等卤代烷及三氯乙烯、氯代苯等卤代烃,均不能使PBD的分子量降低,而且用量较大时基本不影响聚合反应。卤代丙烯及氯代苄均可以降低PBD的分子量,其中氯丙烯的分子量调节效果最佳。若用量合适,可以使PBD的特性粘数从10以上降到4以下,而基本上不影响聚合物收率。PBD的分子量分布较窄,分布宽度指数为2.0左右,不随氯丙烯的用量而改变。从实验结果讨论了FeCl_3-AlCi-C_4H_9)_3-phen体系催化丁二烯聚合的机理及分子量调节剂的链传移机理。认为该体系催化丁二烯聚合的活性中心为:链转移是通过分子量调节剂对活性中心的氧化加成-还原消除反应进行的。在phen存在下,FeCl_3、Fe(acac)_3等与烷基铝作用,及(phen)_2FeCl_2与烷基铝作用,均可以生成烷基铁络合物:但只分离出(C_2H_5)_2Fe(phen)_2。(i_C_4H_9)_2(phen)_2及由氯化铁和(phen)_2FeCl_2合成的烷基铁络合物还未得到纯的产物,但从反应产物的易氧化性、水解产物的分析及红外光谱,证实产物中存在烷基铁。用元素分析、红外光谱、远红外光谱及气相色谱分析表征了(C_2H_5)_2Fe(phen)_2的结构。(C_2H_5)_2Fe(phen)_2单独使用不能使丁二烯聚合,需加少量的烷基铝,与其中一个配位体络合,使活性中心有供丁二烯配位的空轨道,聚合反应才能顺利进行:得到的PBD特性粘数为1.8~2.4左右,1,2-结构为40-60%,顺式-1,4结构为53~41%,反式-1,4结构很少。初步证明所提出的铁体系催化丁二烯聚合的机理基本上是正确的。初步表征了铁体系聚丁二烯硫化胶的性能,其抗张强度为203~205公斤/厘米~2,300%定伸强度为70~125公斤/厘米~2,伸长离为453~573%。