231 resultados para Al-zn-mg-cu Alloys


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Structure and crystallization behavior of amorphous and quasicrystalline Ti45Zr35Ni17Cu3 alloy have been studied. DSC trace of the amorphous alloy obtained during continuous heating to 1300 K shows distinctly an exothermic peak and two endothermic peaks.

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By introducing the flexible 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole) (bbi) ligand into the polyoxovanadate system, five novel polyoxoanion-templated architectures based on [As8V14O42](4-) and [V16O38Cl](6-) building blocks were obtained: [M(bbi)(2)](2)[As8V14O42(H2O)] [M = Co (1), Ni (2), and Zn (3)], [Cu(bbi)](4)[As8V14O42(H2O)] (4), and [Cu(bbi)](6)[V16O38Cl] (5). Compounds 1-3 are isostructural, and they exhibit a binodal (4,6)-connected 2D structure with Schlafli symbol (3(4)center dot 4(2))(3(4)center dot 4(4)center dot 5(4)center dot 6(3))(2), in which the polyoxoanion induces a closed four-membered circuit of M-4(bbi)(4). Compound 4 exhibits an interesting 3D framework constructed from tetradentate [As8V14O42](4-) cluster anions and cationic ladderlike double chains. There exists a bigger M-8(bbi)(6)O-2 circuit in 4. The 3D extended structure of 5 is composed of heptadentate [V16O38Cl](6-) anions and flexural cationic chains; the latter consists of six Cu(bbi) segments arranged alternately. It presents the largest 24-membered circuit of M-24(bbi)(24) so far observed made of bbi molecules and transition-metal cations. Investigation of their structural relations shows the important template role of the polyoxoanions and the synergetic interactions among the polyoxoanions, transition-metal ions, and flexible ligand in the assembly process.

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Ti45Zr35Ni17Cu3 amorphous and single icosahedral quasicrystalline powders were synthesized by mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing at 855 K. Microstructure and electrochemical properties of two alloy electrodes were characterized. When the temperature was enhanced from 303 to 343 K, the maximum discharge capacities increased from 86 to 329 mAh g(-1) and 76 to 312 mAh g(-1) for the amorphous and quasicrystalline alloy electrodes, respectively. Discharge capacities of two electrodes decrease distinctly with increasing cycle number. The I-phase is stable during charge/discharge cycles, and the main factors for its discharge capacity loss are the increase of the charge-transfer resistance and the pulverization of alloy particles. Besides the factors mentioned above, the formation of TiH2 and ZrH2 hydrides is another primary reason for the discharge capacity loss of the amorphous alloy electrode.

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A bulk Ti45Zr35Ni17Cu3 alloy, which consisted of the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase, was prepared by mechanical alloying(MA) and subsequent pulse discharge sintering. Ti45Zr35Ni17Cu3 amorphous powders (with particle size < 50 mu m) were obtained after mechanical alloying for more than 150 h from the mixture of the elemental powder. The transformation temperature range from amorphous phase to the quasicrystalline phase was from 400 K to 900 K. The mechanical properties of the bulk quasicrystalline alloy have been examined at room temperature. The Vickers hardness and compressive fracture strength were 620 +/- 40 and 1030 +/- 60 MPa, respectively. The bulk quasicrystalline alloy exhibited the elastic deformation by the compressive test. The fracture mode was brittle cleavage fracture.

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铜激活的硫化锌 (Zn S∶ Cu)和铕激活的硫化钙 (Ca S∶ Eu)是最早获得应用的蓝色和红色长余辉材料 .随后 ,相继发现了铝酸盐体系和硅酸盐体系两大类长余辉荧光材料 [1~ 3 ] .这两类长余辉荧光材料在发光亮度、余辉时间、稳定性方面都较前述硫化物系列长余辉荧光材料有很大提高 ,从而具有非常广阔的应用前景和应用范围 [4~ 6] .但这两类长余辉荧光材料的发光颜色一般为蓝紫、蓝或黄绿 ,没有红色发光现象 .随着研究的深入 ,人们发现了稀土元素激活的碱土钛酸盐红色长余辉荧光材料 ,这种荧光材料在发光亮度及余辉上都有明显的提高 [7,8] ,而且解决了硫化物不稳定的缺点 .近年来才发展起来的以碱土金属氧化物为发光基质 ,以 Eu3 + 为激活剂的红色长余辉荧光材料进一步提高了余辉亮度及时间 [9] .传统碱土硫化物类磷光体有较宽的激发谱带 ,可在不同的光源下激发 .但它的稳定性较差 ,必须进行工艺后处理才能得到应用 .其它几类磷光体的激发光源谱带较窄 ,仅限于紫外光源 ,因此使其应用范围受到限制 .目前已报道的各种长余辉红色荧光材料在余辉时间方面有较大的差异 ,从十几分钟到几百分钟不等 ,各类红色磷光...

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利用共沉淀法合成了不同Cu/Al比例的铜铝水滑石类化合物,且利用XRD,IR对此类化合物进行了表征.首次用于催化苯酚羟化反应,并获得了较好的结果,同时探讨了Cu/Al比例,反应温度,反应介质及介质的pH值对反应活性的影响.初步提出了反应机理.

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用 AIKα(hυ=1486.6 eV)X-射线测量 15种四卤合金属酸十六铵的光电子能谱.讨论了这些化合物的Zn(2p)、Co(2p)、Cu(2p)、Mn(2p)、Cd(3d)、Cl(2p)、Br(3d)、I(3d)、N(1s)的芯能级结合能的化学位移.根据Pauling电负性讨论了这些数据和计算电荷的关系.讨论了配位体X(Cl,Br,I)、中心离子M(Zn,Co,Cu,Mn,Cd)和质子化十六胺(C16H33NH3)+的关系.

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The performance of Kalman filtering, synchronous excitation and numerical derivative techniques for the resolution of overlapping emission spectra in spectrofluorimetry was studied. The extent of spectrum overlap was quantitatively described by the separation degree D(s), defined as the ratio of the peak separation to the full width at half-maximum of the emission spectrum of the interferent. For the system of Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G with a large D(s) of about 0.4, both Kalman filtering and synchronous techniques are able to resolve the overlapping spectra well and to give satisfactory results while the derivative spectra are still overlapped with each other. Moreover, the sensitivities are greatly decreased in derivative techniques. For more closely spaced spectra emitted by the complexes of Al and Zn with 7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulphonic acid (Ferron)-hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, the synchronous excitation technique cannot completely separate the overlapping peaks, although it increases the separation degree from 0.25 in the conventional spectra to 0.37 in the synchronous spectra. On the other hand, Kalman filtering is capable of resolving this system. When the Al/Zn intensity ratio at the central wavelength of Al was > 1, however, the accuracy and precision of the estimates for Zn concentration produced by the Kalman filter became worse. In this event, the combination of synchronous excitation and Kalman filtering can much improve the analytical results.

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本方法是将消解后的面粉和大米样品溶液滴加于粘贴在聚酯薄膜上的薄纸片上,用薄纸片来控制样品面积及富集被测元素,用于X-射线荧光光谱分析。该方法只用被测元素的标准溶液计算回归方程的系数,无需大量的标样,针对不同的元素选择不同的扣除背景的方法和不同的回归方程,使结果更准确。通过测定样品中的K、Ca、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu、As、Se等元素,并与美国NBS标样参考值比较,结果基本一致。

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The distribution and mobility of heavy metals in the paddy soils surrounding a copper smelting plant in south China was investigated. We assessed the degree of metal contamination using an index of geoaccumulation. The metals were divided into two groups: (1) Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, whose concentrations were heavily affected by anthropogenic inputs, and (2) Ni, Co and Cr, which were mainly of geochemical origin. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb in the polluted soils were higher than the Chinese soil quality criteria. The chemical partitioning patterns of Pb, Zn and Cu indicated that Pb was largely associated with the residual and NH2OH HCl extractable fractions. In contrast, Cd was predominantly associated with the MgCl2 extractable fraction. A large proportion of Cu was bound to the acidic H2O2 extractable fractions, while Zn was predominantly found in the residual phase. The fraction of mobile species, which potentially is the most harmful to the environment, was found to be elevated compared to unpolluted soils in which heavy metals are more strongly bound to the matrix. The mobility of the metals was studied by water extraction using a modification of Tessier's procedure, and the order of mobility was Zn > Cd > Cu > Ce > Pb.

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扇贝是我国海水养殖的重要品种,但自1994年以来,养殖扇贝陆续爆发的大规模死亡,不但造成了巨大的经济损失,而且直接威胁到现有产业的生存和发展。扇贝病害的不断爆发以及病因的多样性迫切要求制定新的疾病防治措施和开发新型的抗菌物质。因此,深入研究扇贝免疫防御机制,探讨提高机体抗病力的有效途径和方法,改良种质和培育抗病品系,无疑是解决目前困扰扇贝养殖业健康可持续发展的必经之路。 抗氧化酶可以清除活性氧,是维持机体内氧环境平衡,抵抗外界环境影响的重要免疫因子。本研究采用大规模 EST 测序方法和同源克隆的方法,结合 cDNA 末端快速扩增(RACE)技术,从栉孔扇贝中克隆到了超氧化物岐化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GPX)等抗氧化酶基因的全长 cDNA序列,并对其基因结构进行了分析。同时,用实时定量PCR方法对这三个基因在健康扇贝血淋巴细胞、肾、鳃、肌肉、性腺等组织和在分别用鳗弧菌,溶壁微球菌和假丝酵母处理扇贝后不同时间段的表达差异情况进行了研究。 超氧化物歧化酶基因CfSOD的cDNA 全长为1022 bp,其中开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame, ORF)含有 459 bp,编码 153个氨基酸残基,无信号肽,为胞内蛋白。经BLASTP分析发现,CfSOD与其它动物具有较高的同源性。CfSOD中存在两个Cu/Zn-SOD的签名序列;另外Cu结合必须氨基酸(His-45,-47,-62 和-119)和Zn结合必须氨基酸(His-62,-70,-79和Asp-82)在CfSOD中保守。实时定量PCR 检测发现,CfSOD在鳃、血细胞和肾中有较高的表达。在鳗弧菌和溶壁微球菌刺激后,CfSOD的相对表达量逐渐下降,然后分别在32小时和16小时的时候恢复到刺激前的表达水平。在假丝酵母刺激后,CfSOD的mRNA表达没有显著差异。 栉孔扇贝过氧化氢酶基因CfCAT的cDNA全长为3146 bp,其中开放阅读框含有1521bp,编码507个氨基酸残基,无信号肽,为胞内蛋白。经BLASTP分析发现,CfCAT与其它动物具有较高的同源性。 CfCAT中存在过氧化氢酶近端活性位点和过氧化氢酶近端血红素配体签名序列,另外存在两个糖基化位点 NFS和 NFT,同时在CfCAT 的C末端存在过氧化物酶体定位信号AQL,为典型过氧化氢酶。实时定量PCR 检测发现,健康的扇贝中CfCAT在鳃和性腺中有较高的表达。CfCAT基因在鳗弧菌刺后表达升高,在4小时达到最高,约是刺激前表达量的6.8倍(P<0.05),后随着时间的变化而逐渐下降。在8小时表达量达到为刺激前表达量的1.3倍(P<0.05),在16和32小时略高于刺激前的水平。在溶壁微球菌刺激后CfCAT基因表达量也呈上升趋势,在刺激后4小时达到刺激前表达量的约2倍,然后有所下降,在16 小时又上升到刺激前表达量的2.9倍。CfCAT基因在假丝酵母刺激后的表达略有升高,4小时约是刺激前的1.2倍(P<0.05),在其他时间段变化不明显。 栉孔扇贝谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因CfGPX的cDNA 全长为1290 bp,其中开放阅读框含有705bp,编码235个氨基酸残基,有一个24核苷酸的信号肽序列。经BLASTP 分析发现,CfSOD与其它动物具有较高的同源性。CfGPX中发现谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性位点的签名序列, 另外发现硒半胱氨酸和硒半胱氨酸插入序列,为含硒型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶。实时定量PCR 检测发现,未经处理的扇贝中CfGPX在性腺、肌肉、血和肾中有较高的表达。CfGPX基因在鳗弧菌刺后表达量快速上升,在6 小时的时候表达量达到最高,为刺激前的4.0倍(P>0.05),后随着时间的变化而逐渐下降。在溶壁微球菌刺激后CfGPX在前6小时表达略有降低,在6小时的时候表达量为刺激前的0.5倍(P<0.05),后随着时间的变化而逐渐升高。在16小时的时候表达量为刺激前的2.1倍(P<0.05)。在假丝酵母刺激后, CfGPX的表达量略有下降在8小时的时候表达量为刺激前的0.8倍(P<0.05)。 实验证明栉孔扇贝的超氧化物歧化酶基因CfSOD,过氧化氢酶基因CfCAT,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因CfGPX基因在机体抵抗外界微生物刺激中起到了重要的作用。

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东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液区构造环境上属于快速扩张中心,该区段洋中脊拉张速率达到了12cm/yr,轴部地堑平均水深2630m。本文即是对该研究区(103°54.41´W, 12°42.68´N)获得的热液烟囱体硫化物样品展开了研究。借助偏光显微镜观察了硫化物显微结构特征,并分析了硫化物中的矿物组合。东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液硫化物中常见矿物为Fe硫化物和Zn硫化物,并经历了由早期Fe硫化物为主转变为晚期成熟化以Zn硫化物为主的过程;根据观察到的显微结构,东太平洋海隆13ºN附近热液硫化物的形成至少可划分出四个阶段即黄铁矿阶段、黄铜矿阶段、黄铁矿-闪锌矿和闪锌矿阶段。 建立了热液硫化物样品中常、微量元素的测试方法,测定了东太平洋海隆13°N附近常、微量元素组成,并与有沉积物覆盖的北胡安德富卡脊Middle Valley烟囱体硫化物和弧后环境的北斐济盆地富Zn型烟囱体硫化物进行了对比。以Cu、Pb、Zn相对含量百分比划分,东太平洋海隆13ºN附近热液硫化物属富Zn型。 阐述了东太平洋海隆13ºN附近热液硫化物微量元素组成空间变化特征及元素比值在样品中的演化,并分析了常微量元素之间及元素/Cu值与1/Cu之间的相关性。Cd、Ga、In主要以类质同像的形式存在于Zn硫化物中,Co的主要寄主矿物是Zn硫化物。在东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液硫化物的形成过程中,常量元素Cu、微量元素Mo趋向于在高温(T>300℃)条件下自流体相沉淀。对东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液硫化物而言,硫化物样品中Cu含量、Cu/Pb及Mo/Pb值可以为形成硫化物的流体的温度变化提供指示性佐证;对应于形成硫化物的流体温度由高温至低温的演化,流体化学组成也相应地发生了演化,其中Sr、Ba、Au等微量元素按指数函数规律富集。对获取的硫化物样品进行了R型因子分析,旋转后获得的因子可以区分出形成硫化物的流体的温度和化学组成这两个因素的影响。 在热力学计算的基础上绘制了东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液Fe-S-H2O系统布拜图,据此阐明了实际情况下东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液流体由高温至低温的过程中,硫化物中优势矿物黄铁矿的稳定场的演化。在此基础上结合已有的动力学实验和硫同位素分馏的研究成果,揭示了沉淀硫化物的热液活动过程中形成优势矿物黄铁矿的可能的主要化学反应历程和形成硫化物的流体的温度变化对黄铁矿形成的热力学机制的影响。

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以馆养北太平洋宽吻海豚为研究对象,在海豚馆和水族馆等场所开展了大量的现场实验和行为学研究;通过出海考察、“调查卡”统计、整理历史资料等方式,总结了中国海洋哺乳动物的资源现状,并对我国典型海域中的海洋哺乳动物标本通过目前较为先进的中子活化(INAA)等技术进行了一系列的分析研究。主要结果如下: 1通过对海豚馆的先后10头海豚进行的长达5年的现场实验,首次提出并建立了适合海豚生长的水质标准体系,其中,盐度范围是29-32,PH值范围是7.8-8.2,氯浓度范围是0.3—1.5mg/L,溶解氧范围为5.0—8.8×10~(-6),大肠菌群不超过200MPN等等,这为国内各地海兽馆中的海兽饲养提供了参照标准,为我国海兽饲养业的发展提供了可靠的基础资料。2 通过对海豚的每一批饵料鱼体营养成分的测定分析(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、水分和总细菌数),进而通过对海豚的食性、日食量及食前反应、食后反应等方面的研究,发现了海豚的季节性饮食喜好规律,即海豚在冬天喜欢采食鲐鱼等高能量型鱼类,在夏天喜1欢采食带鱼等低能量型鱼类,首次建立了海豚的饵料投喂、营养补充物质的适量添加及定期进行驱虫、接种疫苗和体格检查等科学饲养管理方法体系。3通过对北太平洋宽吻海豚进行的500余头次的生理指标的测定(直接获得有关数据9000多个),在国内首次建立了多头宽吻海豚的生理指标档案和数据库,主要包括血常规指标、血液生化指标、体温、呼吸频率等45个指标。4在宽吻海豚生理指标档案和数据库基础上,运用了适当的计算方法,结合相应的生理学意义,统计归纳出了宽吻海豚各生理指标的正常阈值和范围,如白细胞的正常阈值为3.797×10~9个/L-11.56×10~9个/L等等,此生理指标阈值范围体系是准确了解海豚机体的生理状况、疾病诊断及治疗的关键依据。5 发现了海豚各生理指标间的相关关系及生理指标与海豚疾病诊断间的关系规律,基本形成了宽吻海豚常见疾病的诊断和防治方法体系,如海豚血液指标中的K~+值降低,白蛋白与球蛋白比值 (A/G)下降,表明海豚机体脱水,电解质代谢紊乱;海豚血液中 的谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶大幅升高,中性粒细胞值上升,胆红素值升高,表明海豚的肝脏功能异常等等。其中,治愈铜绿假单孢菌感染经查新属国际领先水平。6 总结了中国海洋哺乳动物的资源现状,并通过中子活化技术、等离子体耦合原子发射谱技术和原子发射谱技术,对日本下关海豚、秦皇岛海豚、莱州湾海豚和秦皇岛江豚的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、心脏和肺等样品进行了多元素的测定分析,测出了其中的27种元素的含量,初步建立了中国海洋哺乳动物环境标本库。7 通过对所测海洋哺乳动物器官样品中的元素含量的比较,发现海洋哺乳动物的不同器官富集元素的能力明显不同,各器官的富集能力基本是肝脏 > 肾脏 > 心脏 > 肺 > 肌肉,海兽肌肉不适合作为环境标本库的样品,而肝脏和肾脏较为适合作为海洋哺乳动物环境标本库的样品。8 所测海兽器官样品中的大多元素的含量值与阿拉斯加环境标本库的结果相似,只有Zn、Cu、Pb和Hg的含量远远高于阿拉斯加环境标本库的结果,而与中国人体肝脏的相应元素的含量基本相似。日本下关海豚肝脏中的Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Pb、V和Zn元素的含量高于秦皇岛海豚和莱州湾海豚肝脏中对应元素的含量,而秦皇岛海豚肝脏中的As、Cu、和Ni的含量又高于莱州湾海豚肝脏中的相应元素的含量。

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冲绳海槽是一个目前正在扩张的弧后盆地,海槽具有特殊的地形、地球物理特征,广泛发育的断裂构造和频繁的岩浆活动,因此多年来一直是中外学者关注的地区之一。特别是近年来在冲绳海槽断裂带附近发现了计多热液活动区,促使人们从新的角度去重新认识冲绳海槽。冲绳海槽的热液沉物中富含Zn、Pb、Cu、Fe、Au、Ag、Hg等多种有用的金属元素,其潜在的巨大经济价值以及对热液活动研究的理论意义也使得冲绳海槽现代海底热液活动的研究成为众人瞩目的焦点。本论文运用显徽镜、X-射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析、仪器中子活化分析、同位素质谱分析等先进的技术手段和方法,对冲绳海槽现代海底热液沉积物矿物组成、形貌特征、结构构造、矿物生成顺序、成矿作用阶段、元素的赋存状态、元素地球化学特征、以及重要元素的同位素组成等进行了系统的分析与研究,探讨了冲绳海槽现代海底热液活动的规律及其成矿作用机制,工作中获得一些新的发现和较前人工作更加深入的认识。(1)根据主要矿物的不同,将本区的热液沉积物分为硫化物矿石、以重晶石为主的硫酸盐矿石和以硬石膏为主的硫酸盐矿石等三类。硫化物矿石主要由闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿和黄铜矿和黄铜矿组成,明显地分为疏松粗粒和致密细粒两部分,代表着两个成矿作用阶段;在以重晶石为主的硫酸盐矿石中重晶石和非晶质SiO_2成为主要矿物,亦明显地分为粗粒和细粒两部分;在以硬石膏为主的硫酸盐矿石中,无色透明的自形板状硬石膏占了85%左右,其次为黑色细粒的硫化物。(2)利用电子探针和仪器中子活化分析法对部分金属元素的赋存状态进行了研究。结果表明,Zn、Pb、Cu、Fe的主要载体矿物和富集矿物为相应的硫化物。在各类矿石的粗颗粒矿物中,闪锌矿中Au的含量最高,其它矿物Au的含量相对较低;Au在细粒的矿物集合体中含量明显高于粗粒矿物。在分析过程中,首次在以重晶石为主的硫酸盐矿石中发现了颗粒状的单质Ag矿物,它是Ag的主要存在形式。除了单质Ag矿物外,Ag还有另外两种富集成矿形式,一是存在于银矿物(如:硫砷银矿)之中,另一种是以类质同象或分散态存在于各种硫化物和硫酸盐矿物中。Hg的主要载体矿物为方铅矿,而富集矿物为辰砂。(3)在硫化物矿石中,Zn的含量较高,在30%以上,Pb、Fe次之,其含量均大于5%;硫酸盐矿石中Ba、Ca为主要组分,金属元素的含量普遍较低,多数含量在3%以下。在各类矿石中Au、Ag、Hg相对明显富集,Au含量可达9.8ppm,Ag为6500ppm,Hg为77ppm。(4)地球化学研究结果表明,不同的元素其来源不尽相同,Au、Hg、Zn、Cu、Fe主要来自火成岩,Pb则主要来源于火山岩和沉积物,其中沉积物的影响可能更大。Ag可能来自地球深部的物质。(5)对不同类型矿石及单矿物的硫同位素研究表明,无论是硫化物集合体还是单矿物闪锌矿,δ~(34)S值变化范围都不大,均在5.2-7.2‰之间,表现出一致的来源与演化过程,而与其它热液活动区相比δ~(34)S明显偏高。重晶石、硬石膏的δ~(34)S值与其它地区相差不大,其变化范围在23-23‰之间。以上结果说明在热液流体成矿的不同阶段,硫的来源不同。在早期阶段,硫可能主要来自海水与周围的岩石,此后因流体受岩将活动的影响,硫主要来自岩浆和地球深部物质,在热液流体成矿的后期阶段的硫化物沉淀过程中,海水又对硫的来源起到巨大的影响。

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Accumulation and distributions of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals were measured in tissues of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected from 5 sites in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China. The concentrations of total aliphatic hydrocarbon and PAHs ranged from 570 to 2 574 ng/gdw (gram dry weight) and from 276 to 939 ng/gdw, in the most and least polluted sites, respectively. The bio-accumulation of hydrocarbons and PAHs in the clams appeared to be selective. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were predominantly represented by short chain (< nC(23)) n-alkanes, suggesting that petroleum hydrocarbons were likely the major contamination source. The selective uptake of 3 and 4 ring PAHs, such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, by the clams was probably related to the physiological and bio-kinetic processes that were energetically favorable for uptake of compounds with fewer rings. Accumulation of the metals Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Hg, and As in the clam tissues also showed high variability, ranging from 0.043 to 87 A mu g/gdw. Among the 7 detected metals, Zn, Cd, Cu, and As had a particularly high potential of accumulation in R. philippinarum. In general, a positive correlation was found between the tissue concentrations and sediment concentrations of hydrocarbons and of some metals. Our study suggests that moderate contamination with polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and low to moderate contamination with metals, currently exists for clam R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay, in comparison with other regional studies. A long-term monitoring program is certainly needed for assessment of the potential ecological influence and toxicity of these contaminants of R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay.