119 resultados para 560
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In the title compound, catena-poly[dipotassium [[(oxalato-O,O')dioxomolybdate]-mu-oxo]monohydrate], oxalate acts as a bidentate ligand coordinating to each Mo atom through the two deprotonated carboxylate groups. The coordination polyhedron of molybdenum is distorted octahedral and there are infinite chains in the structure. Principal dimensions are: Mo-O(terminal) 1.560 (3) and 1.739 (3) Angstrom, Mo-O(bridging) 2.046 (4) and 2.410 (4) Angstrom, and Mo-O(carboxylate) 1.949 (3) and 2.113 (3) Angstrom.
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Using electrospray ionization (ESI) and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, the protonic positions in protonated molecular ions of some narcotic drugs were studied, The data of ESI/MSn experiments of morphine and deuterium-loaded morphine were first discussed. The protonic position was considered to locate on oxygen atom of cyclic ether in morphine molecular, Compared with the same and different: ions among morphine, codeine, acetylcodeine and dihydrocodeine, the protonic positions in protonated molecular ions of these compounds were further determined. The fragmentation mechanism of morphine in ESI/MSn: experiments was also repored in the paper, and there were similar dehydrolysis mechanism in gas phase or in liquid phase for morphine.
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近年来,电喷雾质谱作为一种新的软电离技术,广泛应用于生物和药物领域[1~3],特别是电喷雾电离与多级串联质谱技术的联用,使药物化学及其药代动力学的研究发生了日新月异的变化[4~6].以往人们曾利用化学电离质谱中的特殊反应及快原子轰击质谱中的某些加合反…
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M2高速钢中铸态共晶碳化物的电镜研究葛辽海李彦军何镇明(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,长春130022)(哈尔滨工业大学材料学院)共晶碳化物作为高速钢中的硬质相,对于高速钢的各种力学性能及切削寿命有很大影响,而铸态共晶碳化物的种类、形貌和分布将直接影…
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The dispersion of alumina particles on a glassy-carbon surface serving as a modified electrode significantly enhances the amperometric detection of cysteine and glutathione following liquid chromatography. With an applied potential of 0.8 V vs. SCE, the detection limits were 1.2 ng for cysteine and 8 ng for glutathione and the electrode response was linear up to 600 ng for cysteine and 1.8-mu-g for glutathione. The modified electrode displayed high sensitivity and stability and was easy and inexpensive to prepare.
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研究了水热法合成晶体,浓度配比、生长温度对晶体生长习性的影响.合成了一系列化学计量比的Y_(1-x-0.3)Er_(0.3)Tm_xP_5O_(14)(x=0.01~0.1)晶体,观察和分析了晶体的缺陷及成因,测定和讨论了晶体结构.
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各种废水,污水,石油和天然气产品中通常含有一定数量的硫化氢。它不仅有害于生态环境,还会诱发金属设备发生局部腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂;同时,硫化氢是一种剧毒气体,会严重影响人们的身心健康和生命安全。因此,必须采取适当措施脱除硫化氢。电解硫化氢气体的碱性吸收液是治理废水,污水,石油和天然气产品中硫化氢污染物的一种新方法,特别适用于硫化氢含量较低的废水处理,而对环境极少或没有影响,具有投资低、操作简单、脱除效率高等优点。因此近年来硫化物水溶液的电化学氧化机理研究受到广泛重视。本文用电化学方法研究了碱性溶液中硫化物在Pt电极上的氧化过程。结果表明,硫离子在-600~+800V(Vs. SCE)的电位范围内存在两个氧化过程。在-400mV电位时硫离子首先氧化为单质及多硫化物,沉积在电极表面上。250mV电位处,单质硫进一步氧化为硫酸根离子而进入溶液。低电位下的氧化为硫酸根离子的反应为不可逆反应。两个反应密切相关。溶液中既不存在亚硫酸根离子和硫代硫酸离子及其反应,也不存在硫离子直接氧化为硫酸根离子的过程。此外,溶液pH值、搅拌、硫离子浓度、温度和氯化钠添加剂对这两个反应均有很大影响,然而具有决定性的影响因素是电极材料。文中讨论了硫离子电化学氧化过程的性质、特征和反应机理,并提出了电化学氧化脱除溶液中硫化物的最佳控制条件。
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The abundance of anchovy Engraulis japonicus larvae, >20 mum ciliates, copepod eggs and nauplii, and microzooplankton herbivorous activity were studied in the Yellow Sea in June 2000. Anchovy juveniles and larvae were found in only 6 of the 19 stations sampled. The ciliate communities were dominated by 2 species: Laboea strobila and Strombidium compressum. In the surface waters, the abundance of L. strobila ranged between 0 and 560 ind. l(-1). S. compressum only appeared at Stns 15 to 18 (20 to 3300 ind. l(-1)). L. strobila was found mainly in the top 20 m. The abundance of L. strobila was less than 50 ind, l(-1) in waters deeper than 25 m. S, compressum showed subsurface abundance peaks at the salinity abnormality. Tintinnids occurred occasionally with abundance lower than 100 ind. l(-1), The total ciliate abundance fell in the range of 40 to 3420 ind. l(-1). The ciliate biomass in the surface water and the water column ranged between 0,15 and 6.76 mug C l(-1) and 0.4 and 134.4 mg C m(-2), respectively, In the surface waters, the abundance of copepod eggs and nauplii ranged from 0,3 to 3.1 and 1,1 to 15.6 ind, l(-1), respectively. The average abundance of copepod eggs and nauplii in 4 depth (0, 5, 10 and 20 m) fell in the range of 0.2 to 2.8 and 1.0 to 29.4 ind. l(-1), respectively. As a food item of the E. japonicus post-larvae, the abundance of copepod nauplii and eggs appeared to be low. The abundance peaks of ciliate and E, japonicus post-larvae coincided. Although not found in the gut of E, japonicus post-larvae, aloricate ciliates might be ingested by first-feeding anchovy larvae, preventing initial starvation and prolonging the time to irreversible starvation. On the basis of dilution experiments with positive microzooplankton grazing rates, microzooplankton grazed at rates of 0 to 0.61 d(-1). Grazing pressure of microzooplankton on chlorophyll a standing stock (P-i) and potential chlorophyll a primary production (P-p) were 17 to 46% and 35 to 109% d(-1), respectively.
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在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站,选取处于不同退化阶段的具有典型代表意义的草甸草场为研究对象,通过对其土壤氮素矿化补给能力、牧草对氮素的需求量的研究,探讨土壤-牧草氮素供需状况变化对高寒草甸植被演替与草地退化的影响.结果表明,在牧草生长季5~8月,高寒草甸土壤的氮素矿化补给量为15.86g•m-2,而随着高寒草甸退化程度的加重,植物群落中优势种群由禾草演替为禾草+苔草+嵩草、嵩草至杂类草,其牧草生长需要的总氮量分别为22.86、24.87、37.3、14.96g•m-2,只有在杂类草草甸阶段,其牧草生长对氮素的需求才与其土壤氮素供求相适配,可见养分是高寒草甸植被演替与草场退化的重要驱动因子之一.
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目的 用RAPD方法对正品和伪品大黄进行指纹图谱的研究,为正品和伪品大黄的基原鉴定提供分子依据。方法 对RAPD反应的实验体系进行了优化,并采用个体筛选的方法筛选121个引物,采用BSA的方法筛选了64个引物。结果 分析得到了2个具有正品大黄的特征性条带的引物。结论 该方法可靠、准确、快速、重现性好,达到了在分子水平上鉴定正品和伪品大黄基原的目的。此外,该实验亦表明BSA的方法筛选种的特征性条带的引物的效率比个体筛选引物的效率高。
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本文介绍了挖掘机器人轨迹控制和工作循环的自动/半自动作业的一种实现方案,对实现该方案的硬件配置,软件功能进行了详细的描述。实验结果表明,用该方案设计的挖掘机器人具有实用、省力和操作方便等优点。
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提出了一种用于工业机器人时间最优轨迹规划及轨迹控制的新方法,它可以确保在关节位移、速度、加速度以及二阶加速度边界值的约束下,机器人手部沿笛卡尔空间中规定路径运动的时间阳短。在这种方法中,所规划的关节轨迹都采用二次多项式加余弦函数的形式,不仅可以保证各关节运动的位移、速度 、加速度连续而且还可以保证各关节运动的二阶加速度连续。采用这种方法,既可以提高机器人的工作效率又可以延长机器人的工作寿命以PUMA560机器人为对象进行了计算机仿真和机器人实验,结果表明这种方法是正确的有效的。它为工业机器人在非线性运动学约束条件下的时间最优轨迹规划及控制问题提供了一种较好的解决方案。
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提出一种面向操作手装配系统的快速碰撞检测算法。该算法以机器人运动学和空间解析几何为基础 ,将判断机械手手臂与障碍物是否发生碰撞问题转化为直线段与有界平面是否存在公共点的简单解析几何问题 ,并以 PU MA5 6 0操作手为例对算法加以说明。该算法不仅适用于静态的障碍物已知的环境 ,而且适用于障碍物运动规律已知的动态环境 ,减少了碰撞检测占用的时间 ,提高了路径规划的效率
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为工业机器人机械手提出了一种稳定跟踪控制法.这种控制方法由前馈控制器、反馈控制器组成.前馈控制根据期望轨线用计算力矩法得到;反馈控制由线性PID控制项和非线性PD控制项组成,这种控制方法能使跟踪误差逐渐趋近于零.最后,给出了PUMA560机器人的计算机仿真实验验证此控制方法的有效性
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为降低成形过程的热应力,抑制成形过程裂缝的产生,减小成形过程试样和基板的翘曲变形,激光金属沉积成形往往需要进行基板预热,因此研究不同基板预热温度对激光金属沉积成形过程温度场的影响具有非常重要的意义.根据有限元分析中的"单元生死"技术,利用APDL编程建立了基板预热对激光金属沉积成形过程温度场影响的三维多道多层数值模拟模型,详细分析了基板未预热和分别预热到200,300,400,500,600℃时对沉积成形过程温度场和温度梯度的影响.通过中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所自行研制的激光金属沉积成形系统和基板预热系统,在与模拟过程相同的参数下,利用镍基合金粉末在基板未预热和分别预热到300,400,500,560℃时进行了成形试验,试验结果跟数值模拟结果吻合较好.