142 resultados para ILOG OPL Studio 3.6.1
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A series of tellurite glasses of composition, 75TeO(2)-20ZnO-(5 - x)La2O3-xEr(2)O(3) (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mol%) with different hydroxl content were prepared. The effect of Er3+ and OH- groups concentration on the emission properties of Er3+: I-4(13/2) -> I-4(15/2) transition in tellurite glasses was investigated. The constant KOH-Er for Er3+ in tellurite glasses, which represents the strength of interaction between Er3+ and OH- groups in the case of energy migration, was about 14 x 10(-19) cm(4) s(-1). The interaction parameter C-Er,C-Er for the migration rate of Er3+ : 4I(13/2) -> I-4(13/2) transition in tellurite glass was 46 x 10(-40) cm(2), which indicates that concentration quenching in Er3+-doped modified tellurite glass for a given Er3+ concentration is much stronger than in silicate and phosphate glasses. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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This paper reports that the TM3+:Lu2SiO5 (Tm:LSO) crystal is grown by Czochralski technique. The room-temperature absorption spectra of Tm:LSO crystal are measured on a b-cut sample with 4 at.% thulium. According to the obtained Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Omega(2)=9.3155 x 10(-20) cm(2), Omega(4)=8.4103 x 10(-20) cm(2), Omega(6)=1.5908 x 10(-20) cm(2), the fluorescence lifetime is calculated to be 2.03 ms for F-3(4) -> H-3(6) transition, and the integrated emission cross section is 5.81 x 10(-18) cm(2). Room-temperature laser action near 2 mu m under diode pumping is experimentally evaluated in Tm:LSO. An optical-optical conversion efficiency of 9.1% and a slope efficiency of 16.2% are obtained with continuous-wave maximum output power of 0.67 W. The emission wavelengths of Tm:LSO laser are centred around 2.06 mu m with spectral bandwidth of similar to 13.6 nm.
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The Ho:YAP crystal is grown by the Czochralski technique. The room-temperature polarized absorption spectra of Ho:YAP crystal was measured on a c-cut sample with 1 at% holmium. According to the obtained Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Omega(2) = 1.42 x 10(-20) cm(2), Omega(4) = 2.92 x 10(-20) cm(2), and Omega(6) = 1.71 x 10(-20) cm(2), this paper calculated the fluorescence lifetime to be 6 ms for I-5(7) -> I-5(8) transition, and the integrated emission cross section to be 2.24 x 10(-18) cm(2). It investigates the room-temperature Ho:YAP laser end-pumped by a 1.91-mu m Tm:YLF laser. The maximum output power was 4.1 W when the incident 1.91-mu m pump power was 14.4W. The slope efficiency is 40.8%, corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 28.4%. The Ho:YAP output wavelength was centred at 2118 nm with full width at half maximum of about 0.8 nm.
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东海陆架是世界上最宽阔的陆架之一,面积达770 000 km2左右。在末次冰盛期(LGM),东海海平面下降120~130 m左右,绝大部分陆架暴露出海面。而冲绳海槽是第四纪以来一直保持海洋环境的东海深海区。本文以冲绳海槽北部PC-1岩芯为材料,通过分析该孔的孢粉,加上详细的AMS 14C测年,恢复了周边地区24 cal.kaBP以来的古植被,并推测古环境和古气候变化,重点讨论了LGM时期出露大陆架上发育的植被。 PC-1孔(31°27.5′N,128°24.8′E)位于黑潮支流对马暖流东侧,水深590 m,柱长812 cm。孢粉分析按间隔8 cm取样,个别为4~6 cm,共分析了103个孢粉样品。利用9个AMS 14C数据建立年龄标尺,用Calib5.1.0软件进行年龄校正。通过相邻样品深度的线性内插获得每个样品的年龄,采用外延法得到顶部和底部的校正年龄分别为351cal aBP、24 280 cal aBP,孢粉样品的时间分辨率平均为230 a。 根据孢粉百分比和沉积率的变化,可划分出四个带:Ⅰ带(812~715 cm,24.2~21.1 cal. kaBP)、Ⅱ带(715~451 cm,21.1~15.2 cal. kaBP)、Ⅲ带(451~251 cm,15.2~10.8 cal. kaBP)、Ⅳ带(251~0 cm,10.8~0.3 cal. kaBP),分别对应MIS 3末期、末次冰盛期、冰消期和全新世。末次冰盛期草本植物花粉占优势,孢粉沉积率较高,此时草本花粉主要来源于出露的大陆架,其上发育了以蒿属为主的草地植被,气候比较寒冷干燥;冰消期海平面开始回升,松属花粉含量升高,草本植物花粉含量下降;全新世以木本植物花粉占绝对优势,栗属-栲属花粉迅速增加,蕨类孢子含量升高,草本植物花粉含量锐减,孢粉沉积率降低,由于海平面回升,大陆架被淹没,此时孢粉主要来源于日本岛,九州地区生长了以栲属、栎属为主的常绿阔叶与落叶阔叶林,气候温暖湿润。 叶枝杉属花粉在整个岩芯中零星出现。叶枝杉属植物分布于菲律宾吕宋北部至塔斯马尼亚和新西兰气候潮湿的山地林中,该属花粉在岩芯中的出现,可能暗示了黑潮的影响或者是较强的夏季风。 草本植物与松属花粉百分比变化很好的反映了海平面的升降,松属花粉含量较高指示海平面较高。对岩芯中主要类型的花粉百分比进行了频谱分析,显示存在千年尺度的准周期变化,有明显的6.8,3.8,2.2,1.6 ka的周期。 孢粉样品中的炭屑统计表明,末次冰消期炭屑含量最高,可能因为末次冰消期降雨量增加,炭屑可被降水带到沉积地点沉积下来;全新世的炭屑浓度较高,尤其在晚全新世,出现了一个峰值,究其原因可能与气候变化和人类活动有关。
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神农架位于湖北省西部,长江以北、汉水以南的广阔地带,属北亚热带向暖温带的过渡区域。本文依据该地区所处地理位置的植被分布规律等资料,绘制了1:20万的植被复原图。并在此基础上,运用ERDAS imagine 8.4和Maplnfoprofessional 6.0软件,分别对神农架地区的TM影像(5、4、3波段)进行监督分类及目视解译,同时结合野外的样方调查,绘制了神农架地区1:20万的植被类型图,并建立了相应的属性数据库。最后,根据野外的GPS定位点对制图精度进行了Kappa检验。 制图结果表明,制图区总面积3476.67 km2,共计504个斑块。据统计,林地面积2607.45 km2,森林覆盖率75%;山地灌丛及亚高山灌丛总面积358.62 km2,占总面积的10.3%:草甸面积156.84 km2,占4.51%。自然植被划分为10个植被型,46个群系,以及农田(包括居民点)和茶园两种农业土地利用类型。其中针叶、落叶阔叶混交林面积最大(6个群系),约908 km2,占总面积的26.12%;其它依次为落叶阔叶林(1 1个群系),针叶林(4个群系),常绿阔叶林(3个群系),山地灌丛(5个群系),常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林(3个群系),亚高山灌丛(6个群系),草甸(4个群系)以及亚高山针叶林(3个群系)等。另外,两种农业土地利用类型面积共计430 kn12,占总面积的12.37%。 植被类型图与复原图叠加分析表明:①常绿阔叶林的理论分布区域,由常绿阔叶林,常绿、落叶阔叶混交林等7种植被型以及农田(含居民点)等土地利用类型共同组成。因处低海拔区域,人口集中,所以农田(含居民点)分布最广,所占面积最大,占到该区域面积的35.28%;加上长期的人为干扰,常绿阔叶林面积缩小至48.76 krr12,占到该区域面积的13.93%;②常绿、落叶阔叶混交林的理论分布区域内,因干扰后落叶阔叶林恢复较快,逐渐占据优势。另外,该区域海拔较低,人类活动也较频繁,农田(含居民点)面积仍有相当的比例;③针阔混交林理论分布区海拔位置高,人为活动影响少,原地带性植被保存较好,分布面积最大;其余部分为落阔林等7种植被型共同组成。④针叶林理论分布区域应是以巴山冷杉林为单优种的亚高山针叶林带,但因历史上的皆伐及火烧等原因,现面积仅有17 kfr12,占该区域的19.8%,其余则为亚高山灌丛及亚高山草甸所替代。
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目的:研究从药用植物金佛山雪胆分离的雪胆素A和雪胆素B两个三萜类化合物的体外抗HIV活性.方法:应用合胞体抑制实验、p24抗原产生的抑制实验、慢性感染细胞和正常细胞间的细胞融合抑制实验等技术检测化合物的体外抗HIV-l活性;利用HIV-l逆转录酶、蛋白酶抑制实验,NCp7锌离子逐出实验探讨化合物的作用机制.结果:雪胆素A和雪胆素B在体外有较好的抑制HIV-l活性,其活性主要表现为:(1)抑制HIV-l诱导合胞体形成,EC50值分别为3.09 μg·mL-1和2.53μg·mL-1;(2)抑制HIV- 急性感染的C8106细胞p24抗原产生,EC50值分别为3.97μg·mL-1和18.90μg·mL-1;(3)抑制HIV-1 慢性感染H9与正常C8166细胞间融合,EC50分别为1.76μg·mL-1和11.95μg·mL-1.雪胆素A和雪胆素B对HIV-l逆转录酶、蛋白酶、NCp7锌离子逐出均没有抑制作用.雪胆素A对HIV-1整合酶有微弱的结合活性,而雪胆素B对HIV-1整合酶没有结合活性.在共培养实验中,雪胆素A和雪胆素B预处理C8166细胞组比未经预处理细胞组能够更有效的抑制HIV-l活性.结论:化合物雪胆素A和雪胆素B体外有较好的抗HIV-1活性,可能主要作用于HIV-1病毒进入细胞阶段.
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Twelve new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, marlignans A-L (1-12), together with 16 known compounds, were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra wilsoniana. The structures of 1-12 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques. Compounds 1-12 were evaluated for their anti-HIV activities, of which compounds 3, 6, 8, and 12 showed modest activities with therapeutic index values of 13.2, 15.6, 17.6, and 16.4, respectively.
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Submitted by zhangdi (zhangdi@red.semi.ac.cn) on 2009-04-13T11:45:31Z
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A new type of self-aligned spotsize converter (SSC) integrated 1.55 mum DFB lasers had been proposed in this article. The upper optical confinement layer and the butt-coupled tapered thickness waveguide were regrown simultaneously, which not only offered the separate optimization of the active region and the integrated SSC, but also reduced the difficulty of the butt-joint selective regrowth. The vertical and horizontal far field angles were 9degrees and 12degrees respectively, the 1- dB misalignment tolerance were both 3.6 and 3.4 mum. The directed coupling efficiency to tapered single mode fiber was 48%.
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于G批量导入至Hzhangdi
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铬系催化剂是合成1,2-聚丁二烯和3,4-聚异戊二烯的一种主要催化剂体系,1,2-聚丁二烯和3,4-聚异戊二烯是制造高性能轮胎的重要原料。本论文研究了以含氮化合物和含磷化合物为配体的铬催化剂合成1,2-聚丁二烯和3,4-聚异戊二烯的反应规律。 1. 以邻菲咯啉为配体的铬催化剂在己烷中50℃下可获得1,2-结构、顺-1,4-结构和反-1,4-结构单元含量分别约为50%、30%和20%,分子量呈双峰分布的聚丁二烯。改变聚合温度,可有效控制聚合物的1,2-结构含量和分子量及分布。催化剂通过预陈化方式,可有效抑制低聚物的生成。 2. 以亚磷酸二烷基酯为配体的铬催化剂是合成1,2-聚丁二烯的高效催化剂,所得聚合物具有高的1,2-结构含量(> 78%)。改变烷基铝和亚磷酸二烷基酯的结构,可以得到高熔点或低熔点间同1,2-聚丁二烯和无规1,2-聚丁二烯。催化剂以现配方式的活性最高。 3. 以磷酸三苯酯为配体的铬催化剂可获得间同1,2-聚丁二烯,而聚合物中含有低聚物。催化剂以现配方式的活性最高。聚合物的熔点,低聚物的含量与磷酸三苯酯的结构有一定的关系。 4. 以邻菲咯啉为配体的铬催化剂在50℃下聚合异戊二烯,具有高的催化活性,可获得3,4-结构含量约67%的高分子量无规3,4-聚异戊二烯。催化剂的组成对聚合物的微观结构无明显影响。改变聚合温度,可有效控制聚合物的3,4-结构含量和分子量及分布。
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1,2-聚丁二烯和3,4-聚异戊二烯是制造高性能轮胎的原料。本论文研究了以含磷化合物为第三组份的铁催化剂合成1,2-聚丁二烯和3,4-聚异戊二烯的反应规律:1.以二乙基亚磷酸酷为第三组份的铁催化剂可在己烷中,较高温度(50℃)下聚合1,3-丁二烯。通过控制催化剂组份的配比,可制备间同和无规1,2-聚丁二烯。所得间同1,2-聚丁二烯的1,2-结构含量为91%,间规度为90%;所得无规1,2-聚丁二烯的硫化胶具有优异的抗干、湿滑性能。2.以三苯基磷酸酷为第三组份的铁催化剂是合成高间同1,2一聚丁二烯的高效催化剂。所得聚合物具有高的1,2-结构含量(ca.95%),高的间规度(ca.95%)。聚合物的微观结构与催化剂组成等反应因素无关。3.以二烷基亚磷酸醋为第三组份的铁催化剂可在己烷中,较高温度(50℃)下聚合异戊二烯。二烷基亚磷酸醋中烷基影响聚合活性的顺序为乙基一甲基>正丁基>异辛基。所得聚异戊二烯的3,4(含1,2)结构含量保持在60%左右,不受反应条件的影响。4.改性甲基铝氧烷(MMAO)活化的铁催化剂聚合异戊二烯,在相当低的MMAO用量下(Al/Fe=20,摩尔比)即有高的催化活性。溶剂影响聚合活性的顺序为甲苯>环己烷>己烷>二氯甲烷。所得聚异戊二烯的3,4(含1,2)结构含量稳定在60%。