168 resultados para Avicenna, 980-1037.


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Semiconductor equilateral triangle microresonators (ETRs) with side length of 5, 10, and 20 mum are fabricated by the two-step inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching technique. The mode properties of fabricated InGaAsP ETRs are investigated experimentally by photoluminescence (PL) with the pumping source of a 980-nm semiconductor laser and distinct peaks are observed in the measured PL spectra. The wavelength spacings of the distinct peaks agree very well with the theoretical longitudinal mode intervals of the fundamental transverse modes in the ETRs, which verifies that the distinct peaks are corresponding to the enhancement of resonant modes. The mode quality factors are calculated from the width of the resonant peaks of the PL spectra, which are about 100 for the ETR with side length of 20 mum.

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Intense room-temperature near infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (980 nm and 1032 nm) is observed from Yb,Al co-implanted SiO2 films on silicon. The optical transitions occur between the F-2(5/2) and F-2(7/2) levels of Yb3+ in SiO2. The additional Al-implantation into SiO2 films can effectively improve the concentration quenching effect of Yb3+ in SiO2. Photoluminescence exitation sprectroscopy shows that the NIR photoluminescence is due to the non-radiative energy transfer from Al-implantation-induced non-bridging oxygen hole defects in SiO2 to Yb3+ in the Yb-related luminescent complexes. It is believed that the defect-mediated luminscence of rare-earth ions in SiO2 is very effective.

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An InGaAsP/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells (MQWs) selectively grown by ultra-low-pressure (22 mbar) metal-organic chemical vapor deposition was investigated in this article. A 46 nm photoluminescence peak wavelength shift was obtained with a small mask width variation (15-30 mu m). High-quality crystal layers with a photoluminescence (PL) ftill-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of less than 30 meV were achieved. Using novel tapered masks, the transition-effect of the tapered region was also studied. The energy detuning of the tapered region was observed to be saturated with the larger ratio of the mask width divided to the tapered region length. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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The authors report on the fabrication of 980 nm InGaAs strained quantum well lasers with hybrid materials of InGaAsP as waveguide and AlGaAs as cladding grown by metal organic chemical vapour deposition. The InGaAs/InGaAsP/AlGaAs diode lasers (100 x 800 mu m) with broadened waveguide structure exhibit a threshold current of 180 mA, a slope efficiency of 1.0 W/A, and a high characteristic temperature coefficient (T-0) of 230 K.

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Three new absorption bands, appearing around 670, 865 and 980 nm, are observed in BaFCl:Eu2+ phosphors. They are ascribed to F aggregates formed by association of F centers or by trapping of electrons to the primary F-n(+) (n = 2,3,4) centers. The growth curves of F and F-aggregated centers are similar and may be divided into three stages. The photostimulated luminescence (PSL) decays by stimulation into the absorption bands of F centers and of F aggregates are different; the former decay logarithmically and the latter decay hyperbolically. Some non-radiative processes related to F aggregates, such as electron migration, occur accompanying the PSL process, which may reduce the PSL efficiency and sensitivity of the phosphors. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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We have observed the population of the third (n=3) two-dimensional electron subband of InGaAs/ InAlAs modulation-doped structures with very dense sheet carrier density by means of Fourier transform photoluminescence (PL). Three well-resolved PL peaks centered at 0.737, 0.908, and 0.980 eV are observed, which are attributed to the recombination transitions from the lowest three electron subbands to the n=1 heavy-hole subband. The subband separations clearly exhibit the features of the stepped quantum well with triangle and square potential, consistent with numerical calculation. Thanks to the presence of the Fermi cutoff, the population ratio of these three subbands can be estimated. Temperature and excitation intensity dependence of the quantum well luminescence intensity is also analyzed. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.

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本文讨论了用光线追踪法求解以V形隔热膜平板集热器为接受器,配以复合抛物面聚光器的太阳能中温集热器(简称FPV-CPC集热器)的光学效率和反射次数的方法。它能比较精确地求解集热器的光学效率随入射角的变化,并可用来研究材料物性、几何结构及截短比对光学效率的影响。

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:用共沉淀法合成出Yb3+离子掺杂的Y2O3 粉体,采用纳米粒度分析仪表征后,其粒径主要 分布在40~80 nm;由于Yb3+的4f13 电子易于与近邻离子发生相互作用,该粉体在波长为980 nm 的 半导体激光器激发下发射出中心波长为540 nm 的绿色上转换荧光. 由于这种材料具有上转换发光 性能以及发射光谱的红移现象,有望应用于荧光标记或者红外探测方面.

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生态恢复不但是自然和技术过程,更重要的是经济过程,生态经济耦合是生态恢复成败及能否持续的关键。综合应用经济学、能值和生态足迹分析工具,系统研究了黄土丘陵区县南沟流域生态恢复过程中的生态经济系统演变过程及其特征,旨在探索生态可持续的经济社会发展机制。结果表明,2000~2005年流域产业结构及其多样性显著改善,生产力显著提高并跨越低水平进入高水平发展阶段,农民的生活状况已经由温饱逐步迈向小康水平。基于能值的生态经济耦合分析结果显示2002~2005年流域环境负载率(ELR)下降,持续性指数(ESI)增加。生态足迹结果显示流域2000年和2005年的生态盈余分别为0.03hm2和0.239hm2,新指标万元产值生态足迹(EFprod)分别为53.5hm2/万$和33.6hm2/万$,生态压力指数(EFPI)分别为0.980和0.838,流域处于弱可持续状态。上述结果显示生态恢复提高了流域资源利用和转换效率,环境负载率下降,人类经济活动对生态生产性有效空间的占用减少,可持续性提高。研究结果表明生态恢复是黄土丘陵区实现生态经济良性耦合、协调发展的基本途径。

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DMSO是一个很好的配位体,有氧原子和硫原子两个配位原子,通过这两个配位原子,DMSO可以和许多过渡金属和稀土金属的离子发生络合,形成稳定的金属络合物。稀土金属离子的络合物,角过氯酸盐、卤化物,高铼酸盐六氟磷化物等,曾有人进行了研究,它们的光谱研究表明,二甲亚砜是通过氧原子同稀土络合,O、N、S三原子的络合能力是O>N>S。在稀土硝酸盐的二甲亚砜的络合物中,由于即存在DMSO的配位,也存在硝基的配位,所在情况比较复杂。它们的振动光谱研究了可以在1967年Ramalingan和1977年Kawcuno的工作中得知一些,前者研究了La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Ho、Yb、Y九个元素的络合物,后者研究了La、Nd、Er、Yb、Lu五个元素的络合物,所有络合物的光谱数据都很不完全,他们都认为DMSO与NO_3都与稀土离子络合,并肯定是通过氧原子络合,但是对于NO_3的络合方式没有一致的结论。Ramalingan等认为络合物分子中,硝根既有双基配位,又有单基配位,和X光衍射实验的结果不相符,Kawano通过研究全氘化二甲亚砜(DMSO-d_6)的稀土硝酸盐络合物,认为三个NO_3都是通过两个氧原子同稀土相配位,是双基配位基。硝基的配位方式是一个长期争论的振动光谱问题,不少学者曾对硝基的各种振动模式的谱带位置和吸收强度进行探讨,很难得出一致的结论。在络合物中氧与稀土离子的络合键Ln-O的振动频率位置问题,亦存在争论,Kawanv认为这个配位键的振动频率在180 cm~(-1)附近,但是日本的岩濑秋雄等人,在研究稀土高氯酸盐的二甲亚砜络合物时,则认为400 cm~(-1)附近的谱带为Ln-O的振动频率在研究稀土的无水硝酸盐的红外光谱的工作中。A.Walker等人也把180 cm~(-1)谱带归属为Ln-O络合键。J.R.Ferraro等人在研究Ln(NO_3)_3·3DBP络合物时,也认为Ln-O配位键在180 cm~(-1)附近,但是我们考察了他们的数据与稀土动量L的关系,未发现四分组现和“斜W”效应。我们研究了除P_m 以外的十四个稀土元素并Y的硝酸盐DMSO络合物的付氏变换红外光和激光拉曼光谱,4000 cm~(-1)-80 cm~(-1)的红外光谱图和4000 cm~(-1)-50 cm~(-1)的拉曼光谱图提供了较完整的数据,除了肯定了NO_3和DMSO都以氧原子与稀土络合外,还肯定了NO_3的配位方式和利用红外数据区别不同类型的配位的方法找出了金属离子配位数不同的光谱特征,做了Ln-O络合键的振动频率的归属及其与稀土物化性质间的规律关系。根据DMSO的简正坐标计算结果,可以归属出DMSO及其络合物的许多谱带,其中S=0伸缩振动频率在990-1018 cm~(-1)之间,随原子序数增加无明显规律性变化,在Gd络合物以后,分裂为三条谱带。C-S的伸缩振动移问低波数,变化随原子序数增加而增加,但无明显的线性变化,C-S-O变形振动频率向高频方向移动约16 cm~(-1),与原子序数无关,C-S-C变形振动移向高波数5 cm~(-1),与原子序数无关。此外,在~3000 cm~(-1)是Vc-H,~1400 cm~(-1)是CH_3变形振动频率谱带,~950 cm~(-1)是CH_3摇摆,络合后上述谱带变化不大,可见络合对CH_3基团的振动无大的影响。通过考察S=0振动频率变化,可以看出十配位络合物和九配位络合物之间的光谱区别在于十配位络合物S=0伸缩振动仍为一条谱带,而九配位络合物的S=0振动频率则分裂为两条谱带。已知十配位的Ln-O多面体为双帽正多棱柱,九配位络合物则为三帽三角柱,考虑到氧原子的不同,前者为C_(2v)对称性,后者为C_3对称性,不同配位数的络合物所显示谱带分裂不能用对称性来说明,因为这两种群均没有简并的群表示,利用X光衍射数据计算了La和Yb的络合物中DMSO间氧原子的距离,可以看出,十配位络合物中DMSO的配位氧原子间距离大,而九配位络合物中氧原子间距离小,两者之间相差近两倍。所以S=0振动频率分裂可能是相同基团因距离近而产生了振动耦合。利用此结果可以区分不同配位数的络合物,这种现象,在以往的DMSO络合物的研究中没有发现。硝基离子属于D_(3h)群,有四个振动模式,其中三个是红外活性,分别为V_2(A")=823-817 cm~(-1),V_3(E')=1368-1355 cm~(-1),V_4(E')=702-718 cm~(-1),V_1、V_3、V_4是拉曼活性的,络合以后,NO_3对称性变为C_(2v)群,有六条红外谱线,同时也是拉曼活性,其中N-O伸缩振动在1460 cm~(-1) (A,S),No_2反对称伸缩振动在1340-1329cm~(-1)(B,S),NO_2,对称伸缩振动在1037.7 cm~(-1)附近,NO_3的对称面内弯曲振动在817 cm~(-1)(A,S),反对称面内弯曲振动在767.7 cm~(-1),NO_3的面外变形振动在710 cm~(-1)(B_2 W),由此可知硝基在络合物中确实参加了配位。存在络合物中的三个硝基的配位类型在红外上如何区别我们进行了初步探讨。单基配位基和双基配位基同属C_(2v)对称性所以在基频上很难区别,Lever等人在研究过渡金属络合物中发现,No_3的组频1750 cm~(-1) (V_1+V_4)在络合以后发生了分裂,双基配位基分裂在22-66cm~(-1)范围,而单基配位基则在5-26cm~(-1)范围,可以以此来区别NO_3的配位类型,这种方法适用于很多络合物,我们把这种方法应用于稀土络合物中发现,这个组频分裂现象在络合物中普遍存在,分裂在25-44.4cm~(-1)范围,所以络合物的硝基是双基配位体,在此波数区间内只有分裂很好的两个峰,所以可以断定无单基配位的硝基存在,这与X光衍射实验结果相一致,分裂距离随原子序数增加而增加,但无“斜W”效应。Ce和Lu的络合物分裂较小。由此可知这种方法适用于稀土二甲亚砜络合物。对有可能归属为Ln-O配位键的180 cm~(-1)和400 cm~(-1)附近的两条谱带进行考查,~400 cm~(-1)附近的谱带随原子序数增加总趋势增加,在Gd络合物开始分裂为两条,这条谱带与稀土离子总角动量L之间存在“斜W”效应,Shyama P. Sinha在研究稀土元素的性质时发现,稀土很多性质都具有“斜W”效应。其中包括配位键振动频率。利用V=1/(2πC)(F/(-1~n))~(1/2),用乙酰丙酮络合物的F_(Ln-O)近似计算V_(Ln-O)可以算得V_(Ln-O)在400.8-418.49cm~(-1)范围,所以可以认为~400 cm~(-1)附近的谱带可以归属为Ln-O键伸缩振动。~200 cm~(-1)的谱带在S_m络合物以后分开,此谱带亦随原子序数增加而增加,但无“斜W”效应,Kawano把它们归属为Ln-O,J.R.Ferraro在研究Ln(NO_3)_3(TBP)_3时,也认为Ln-O键伸缩振动在此位置,但也无“斜W”效应,这条谱带能否归属于Ln-O键,有待寻找更进一步的证据。通过稀土二甲亚砜络合物的研究,我们可以得知,NO_3的组频在1750 cm~(-1)谱带在络合以后发生了分裂,分裂范围在25-44.4 cm~(-1),从而证明了NO_3为双基配位基。DMSO的S=0伸缩振动频率和Ln-O键伸缩振动在Gd络合物后出现分裂,因而可以利用此结果可以区分两种不同配位数的络合物,通过考虑振动频率同稀土物化性质L间的关系及近似计算,初步可以确定Ln-O键振动频率在~400 cm~(-1)附近。有“斜W”效应存在。

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The second-harmonic generation (SHG) from Si1-xGex alloy films has been investigated by near-infrared femtosecond laser. Recognized by s-out polarized SHG intensity versus rotational angle of sample, the crystal symmetry of the fully strained Si0.83Ge0.17 alloy is found changed from the O-h to the C-2 point group due to the inhomogeneity of the strain. Calibrated by double crystal X-ray diffraction, the strain-induced chi((2)) is estimated at 5.7 x 10(-7) esu. According to the analysis on p-in/s-out SHG, the strain-relaxed Si0.10Ge0.90 alloy film is confirmed to be not fully relaxed, and the remaining strain is quantitatively determined to be around 0.1%.