黄土丘陵区仁用杏园不宜间作沙打旺

在陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区对清耕和问作沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)6年、4年、2年仁用杏园0～500cm土层土壤水分、有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量及树体生长状况进行了测定,结果表明,间作沙打旺,除了在秋季提高了0～100cm土层土壤水分以外,在春季、夏季和秋季均显著降低了0～500cm土层土壤水分,且间作沙打旺年限越长,降低越显著。间作沙打旺提高了0～100cm土层土壤有机质和全氮含量,间作年限越长效果越显著,但对100cm土层以下的土壤有机质和全氮无显著影响。间作沙打旺对土壤全磷含量无显著影响。间作沙打旺显著降低了土壤速效养分含量,其中速效氮降低深度达500cm土层,速效磷、速效钾达300cm土层,且间作年限越长,降低越显著。间作沙打旺显著削弱了树体的长势,降低了坐果率和杏仁产量。间作沙打旺存在着与仁用杏争水争肥的矛盾,黄土丘陵沟壑区仁用杏园不宜间作沙打旺。

落地原油对芦苇湿地生态工程净化系统影响

以芦苇湿地为介质净化石油开采过程中落于地面的原油 ,研究了中试条件下芦苇湿地的净化效果及落地原油对土壤和芦苇介质的影响。结果表明 :芦苇湿地对不同施入剂量的落地原油都有较好的净化率 ,在试验运行期内 ,芦苇湿地对矿物油的净化率高达 88%～ 96 %。落地原油对土壤的污染基本局限于表层 ,对深层土壤的污染趋势并不明显 ,一般 4 0～6 0 cm土层的矿物油含量已接近或低于对照区表层土的背景值 ;落地原油对芦苇生长指标的影响表现出两面性 ,一方面抑制芦苇的叶龄指数和株高生长量 ,另一方面又能刺激芦苇的长粗、增加芦苇的生物量 ;落地原油对纤维素、木质素、戊糖、纤维素宽及纤维素长宽比等芦苇品质指标的影响很小 ,一些指标甚至优于对照区。

中国东北地区的盐渍土资源

通过长期区域土壤考察,我国东北地区盐渍土资源的面积约为7 66×106hm2,其中松嫩平原的盐渍土面积占39 3%,西辽河沙丘平原占30 3%,辽河冲积平原占12 8%,呼伦贝尔盟高平原占9 3%,滨海平原占7 9%,三江平原仅占0 4%而已,20世纪80年代不同辖区所获的土壤普查结果与之相接近。在上述的盐渍土资源面积中,其潜在盐渍土的面积约占34%。在开发利用方面,盐渍土的耕地面积已由20世纪50年代的占其总耕地面积的21 4%,增加为80年代的37 8%,呈显著增长之势。水田灌区土壤普遍脱盐,作物高产稳产,已属新型的人工生态系统。在盐渍土旱作区,农作物亦已普遍持续增产,惟局部土壤的脱盐状况尚不甚稳定,其西部地区的盐渍化面积呈明显蔓延之势,主要原因在于大面积天然草场的土壤盐渍度加剧,生产力普遍下降。上述中国东北地区盐渍土资源的面积约占全国盐渍土面积的7.9%,战略地位重要,其实现农业可持续发展的开发利用任务仍然十分艰巨。

1990～2000年中国土壤碳氮蓄积量与土地利用变化

基于2473个土壤剖面资料和1980年代末~1990年代末陆地卫星TM影像分析中国1990~2000年林地、草地、耕地之间的土地利用变化对土壤碳氮蓄积量的影响。IPCC建议的国家温室气体清单方法计算表明从1990~2000年中国林地、草地、耕地土壤(30cm)有机碳氮库分别损失了77.6±35.2TgC(1Tg=106t)和5.6±2.6TgN,年均损失约7.76TgC/yr和0.56TgN/yr,其中耕地土壤碳库分别增加了79.0±7.7TgC和9.0±0.7TgN,草地土壤碳氮蓄积量分别损失了100.7±25.9TgC和9.8±2.2TgN,林地土壤碳氮蓄积量分别损失了55.9±17.0TgC和4.9±1.1TgN。同时根据中国6大行政区林地、耕地和草地之间的相互转换面积、土壤有机碳氮密度的变化率进行估算,表明土壤(30cm和100cm)有机碳氮蓄积量分别损失了53.7TgC、5.1TgN和99.5TgC、9.4TgN。由于中国不同地区土地利用变化的空间格局差异显著,从而导致东北地区土壤碳氮蓄积量变化较大,而华东地区变化较小。

band Structure calculations on orthorhombic bulk and nanocrystalline SrY2O4

The electronic structure of SrY2O4 is calculated by using a density functional method, and the exchange and correlation have been treated by using a the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) within the scheme due to Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE). SrY2O4 is predicted to be a direct-gap material because the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band are along the same direction at G. The bond length and the bond covalency are also calculated by using a chemical bond method.

Solvent-induced Morphology of the Binary Mixture of Diblock Copolymer in Thin Film: The Block Length and Composition Dependence of Morphology

A series of binary SB blend samples with various overall volume fraction of PS (Phi(PS)) and different discrete distribution of the block length (denoted as d(PS) or d(PB)) were prepared by mixing various asymmetric poly(styrene)-block-poly(butadiene) (SB) block copolymers with a symmetric SB block copolymer. The influences of the external solvent field, composition, and the block length distribution on the morphologies of the blends in the thin films were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results revealed that after solvent annealing, the interface of the blend thin films depended mainly on the cooperative effects of the annealing solvent and the inherently interfacial curvature of the blends. Upon exposure to the saturated vapor of cyclohexane, which has preferential affinity for the PB block, a "threshold" of Phi(PS) (approximate 0.635-0.707) was found. Below such threshold, the influence of the annealing solvent played an important role on the interfacial curvature of the blend thin film.

Effect of doped dye on the charge-carrier transport and electroluminescent performance in molecularly doped polymer light-emitting diodes

The effects of the concentration of 10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-1H, 5H, 11H-(1)-benzopyropyrano(6, 78-i,j)quinolizin-11-one (C545T) as dopant in polyfluorene (PFO) on the charge-carrier transport and electroluminescence (EL) performance were investigated by steady-state and transient EL measurements. A fully green emission from C545T was observed and the EL performance depends strongly on the C545T concentration. The mobility in the C545T-doped PFO film was determined by transient EL. The dopant concentration dependence of the current-voltage relationship indicated clearly the carrier trapping by the C545T molecules. The mobility in C545T:PFO changed significantly with the C545T concentration, and showed a nontrivial dependence on the doping level. The behavior may be understood in terms of the formation of an additional energy disorder due to potential fluctuation caused by the Coulomb interaction of the randomly distributed doping molecules.

人卵巢癌耐药细胞株的比较蛋白质组分析

卵巢癌是妇科疾病中仅次于宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌的常见肿瘤,死亡率较高[1].该肿瘤治疗失败的主要原因之一是复发后的肿瘤细胞凋亡抵抗机制导致化疗的耐药性.在卵巢癌的化疗中顺铂是主要使用的药物之一,但由于细胞多药耐药性的产生严重限制了其疗效的发挥[2].蛋白质组学是在蛋白水平上对整个器官、细胞或组织的基因组所表达的全部蛋白质进行总体分析,双向凝胶电泳和质谱技术则是研究蛋白质组学的核心技术.为探索与耐药相关的蛋白质,本文采用高分辨二维凝胶电泳分离技术对人卵巢癌细胞株COC1及其耐药细胞株COC1/DDP中的蛋白质进行分离和差异表达分析,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱对酶解多肽进行测定[即测定蛋白质的肽质量指纹图(Peptide massfingerprinting,PMF)],并通过相应的数据库搜索来鉴定蛋白质.为获得更准确的检索结果,采用串联质谱技术对各肽段进行氨基酸测序,并应用IPI-HUMAN数据库对上述检索结果进一步加以确认.1实验部分1.1试剂IPG预制胶条(pH 3~10,17 cm)、载体两性电解质和矿物油(M ineral O il)均购自美国B io-Rad公司.Urea、蔗糖、G lycer...

Preparation and properties of conducting polymer of doped polyaniline LB film

Stable monolayer of polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid at the air-water interface has been obtained and has been successfully deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett technique onto CaF2 substrate. IR and UV-Vis-NIR spectra show that the doped molecules dedoped partially from the PANI backbone during the monolayer compression or deposition. Gas-sensing measurement indicates that the doped polyaniline LB film was sensitive to ethanol vapor at room temperature.

掺杂态聚苯胺LB膜的制备与性质

掺杂樟脑磺酸的聚苯胺在纯水表面可以形成稳定的单分子层 ,采用Langmuir Blodgett技术可以将其较好地转移到氟化钙基片上制成薄膜.对其LB膜的红外和紫外 可见 近红外光谱研究表明 ,在膜的压缩或转移过程中有少量的樟脑磺酸分子发生脱掺杂的现象.并且该LB膜在室温下对乙醇有较好的气敏性.

Radiation effects on the immiscible polymer blend of nylon1010 and high-impact strength polystyrene (II): mechanical properties and morphology

The paper studies the morphology and mechanical properties of immiscible binary blends of the nylon 1010 and HIPS through the radiation crosslinking method. In this blend, the HIPS particles were the dispersed phases in the nylon 1010 matrix. With increasing of dose, the elastic modulus increased, However, the tensile strength. elongation at bleak and the energy of fracture increased to a maximum at a dose of 0.34 MGy, then reduced with the increasing of dose. SEM photographs show that the hole sizes are not changed obviously at low dose and at high dose, remnants that cannot be dissolved in formic acid and THF can be observed in the holes and on the surface. TEM photographs showed that radiation destroys the rubber phases in the polymer blend. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mechanical and thermal induced chain conformational transformations in syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP)

Stretching a stacked sPP lamellar morphology at room temperature leads to a mechanical induced transformation from the (t(2)g(2))(2) (helical) into the (tttt) (zigzag) chain conformation of the polymer. The so prepared samples exhibit after annealing above 80 degreesC a thermal induced retransformation into the cell I and cell III crystal structure of the helical chain conformation. The mechanical induced chain conformational transformation as well as the thermal induced retransformation was studied by means of transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. (C) 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

聚偏氟乙烯单链单晶的研究

单分子单晶是高分子特有的一种聚集态结构。首次观察到单链单晶的聚合物是聚氧化乙烯［1］。近几年来，卜海山小组和我们的研究小组先后成功地制备和观察到等规聚苯乙烯、顺式1,4聚丁二烯以及古塔胶的单链单晶，并对其形状和结构进行了研究。然而，单链单晶的研究过程…

二(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)膦酸-上胺205-正庚烷乳状液膜分离钪(Ⅲ)、铁(Ⅲ)和镥(Ⅲ)

本文研究了二（2，4，4-三甲基戊基）膦酸（Cyanex272）-上胺205-正庚烷乳状液膜分离Sc（Ⅲ）、Fe（Ⅲ）和Lu（Ⅲ）。考察了外相酸度、表面活性剂浓度、流动载体浓度及内相盐酸浓度对Sc（Ⅲ）迁移的影响。并探讨了该液膜体系分离Sc（Ⅲ）、Fe（Ⅲ）和Lu（Ⅲ）的可能性，结果表明，该体系对于稀土矿中Sc（Ⅲ）的分离与分析有良好的应用前景。

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYACRYLATES CONTAINING P-NITRO AZOBENZENE

The phase behaviour ai the side chain liquid crystalline polyacrylates containing p-nitro azobenzene was studied bg DSC, WAXD and the polarized optical microscopy. It was shown that nematic phase can be formed for homopolymer HP6, no LC phase can be observed for HF3 and HP4; whereas smectic S-Ad phase can be obtained tor P-n when n was equal to 3,4, 6,8. The unique phase behaviour of the copolymers P-n was due to the existence of H bond between -COOH and -NO2 which lias been confirmed by FTIR. The molecular arrangement of the copolymers in their LC states was proposed from the results of WAXD and FTIR.