中国自由生活线虫新记录(色矛目、嘴刺目和窄咽目)

本文报道淡水、土壤自由生活线虫国内新记录11种，即：田园素矛线虫Achromadoraruricola，半棘素矛线虫Achromadorasemiarmata,叉齿烙线虫Ironusdentifurcatus，好逸烙线虫Ironusignavus，亲邻三孔线虫Tripylaaffinis，球形三孔线虫Tripylaglomerans，谢氏小三孔线虫Tripylinasheri,墙根绕线虫Plectusparietinus,似疑绕线虫Plectusinquirendus,愁容筒咽线虫Cylindrolaim

武汉东湖浮游动物群落结构的研究

对１９９１年武汉东湖不同湖区浮游动物群落结构的研究表明，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ站浮游动物的数量为１２２７８２、７０４１５和１８１８４个·Ｌ（－１），并随水体富营养化程度增加而增加．生物量分别为８．６３９、５．８７２和２．０８２ｍｇ·Ｌ（－１）。大于１ｍｍ的甲壳动物个体频度为０．１５、０．３０、０．４１．其体长随鱼产量的增加而缩小．最后，对影响东湖浮游动物群落结构的主要生态因子进行了讨论．

用鱼血清转氨酶监测水污染的研究

以三硝基甲苯(INT)、六六六、滴滴涕(DDT)、对硫磷(E-605)、氯化汞分别进行白鲢鱼种的急性致毒实验,与对照组相比,鱼血清谷草转氨酶活性显著增加;对硫磷还引起血清谷丙转氨酶活性的升高。血清转氨酶活性增加的程度与氯化汞浓度相关。不同种类的我国淡水鲤科鱼类、不同鱼龄、不同水体以及短期饥饿、惊扰及网箱饲养对血清转氨酶活性没有影响,但水温升高或溶氧低于1ppm会使鱼血清谷草转氨酶活性升高。水温与鱼血清谷草转氨酶活性有相关性。

C1q-like inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis and controls normal hernatopoiesis during zebrafish embryogenesis

Except for the complement C1q, the immunological functions of other C1q family members have remained unclear. Here we describe zebrafish C1q-like, whose transcription and translation display a uniform distribution in early embryos, and are restricted to mid-hind brain and eye in later embryos. In vitro studies showed that C1q-like could inhibit the apoptosis induced by ActD and CHX in EPC cells, through repressing caspase 3/9 activities. Moreover, its physiological roles were studied by morpholino-mediated knockdown in zebrafish embryogenesis. In comparison with control embryos, the C1q-like knockdown embryos display obvious defects in the head and cramofacial development mediated through p53-induced apoptosis, which was confirmed by the in vitro transcribed C1q-like mRNA or p53 MO co-injection. TUNEL assays revealed extensive cell death, and caspase 3/9 activity measurement also revealed about two folds increase in C1q-like morphant embryos, which was inhibited by p53 MO co-injection. Real-time quantitative PCR showed the up-regulation expression of several apoptosis regulators such as p53, mdm2, p21, Box and caspase 3, and down-regulation expression of hbae1 in the C1q-like morphant embryos. Knockdown of C1q-like in zebrafish embryos decreased hemoglobin production and impaired the organization of mesencephalic vein and other brain blood vessels. Interestingly, exposure of zebrafish embryos to UV resulted in an increase in mRNA expression of C1q-like, whereas over-expression of C1q-like was not enough resist to the damage. Furthermore, C1q-like transcription was up-regulated in response to pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila, and embryo survival significantly decreased in the C1q-like morphants after exposure to the bacteria. The data suggested that C1q-like might play an antiapoptotic and protective role in inhibiting p53-dependent and caspase 3/9-mediated apoptosis during embryogenesis, especially in the brain development, and C1q-like should be a novel regulator of cell survival during zebrafish embryogenesis. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Serum concentrations of gonadotropins and steroid hormones of Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis in middle and lower regions of the Yangtze River

As a relatively isolated and unique freshwater population, the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) is the most endangered subpopulation of this species. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of their reproductive endocrinology by measuring (radioimmunoassay) serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol (E-2), progesterone (P-4) and testosterone (T-2) in free-ranging animals. Blood samples were collected from 66 Yangtze finless porpoises (41 males and 25 females) captured in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Based on significant variation of serum T-2 concentrations in males with body length (BL) > 138 cm, we inferred that they were mature; in these animals, there were significant seasonal variations in serum T-2 concentrations, with the highest concentrations in March and April (502.0 +/- 319.8 ng/dL, mean +/- S.D.) and the lowest in December (79.4 +/- 83.2 ng/dL). Serum T-2 concentrations positively correlated with serum concentrations of LH and weakly correlated with serum concentrations of E-2, whereas there was a significant negative correlation between serum LH and FSH concentrations in males > 138 cm. The smallest apparently pregnant female porpoise had a BL of 130 cm. Serum P-4 concentrations ranged from 13.2 to 112.4 ng/mL (43.9 +/- 28.3 ng/mL) in pregnant females, and fluctuated under 1.0 ng/mL in non-pregnant females with BL > 130 cm. Serum LH concentrations were significantly higher in non-pregnant females > 130 cm versus those females < 130 cm. To our knowledge, this is the first study of endocrine-related maturity and seasonal breeding characteristics of the Yangtze finless porpoise. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Inland free-living nematodes in China: A historical review of taxonomic studies with descriptions of Aphanonchus orientalis sp nov (Chromadorida : Leptolaimidae) and Daptonema limnobia sp nov (Monhysterida : Xyalidae)

The study of inland free-living nematodes is relatively imperfect in China, only seventeen papers were previously published. Since the early researches in 20-30s, few works have been accomplished until 80s. Altogether 171 taxa were formerly recorded, among which, over eighty species have been re-combined. A checklist of the former records with notes on their distribution is presented in this paper. Recently, the function of free-living nematodes has received much attention from Chinese zoologists. Hence, the present authors carried out their studies with emphasis on taxonomy of inland nematodes. During the survey of freshwater lakes, two species are found to be nem to science. Aphanonchus orientalis sp. nov. is characterized by having sclerotized vagina, the presence of 10-11 tubular supplements and 42-62 alveoli supplements in males, but no alveoli in females. Daptonema limnobia sp, nov. is distinguished from other species of the genus in the presence of larger and more anteriorly located amphids, shorter bifurcated spicules, smaller apophysis of gubernaculum, shorter terminal setae, and postvulval uterine sac in females.

Electric field tunable electron g factor and high asymmetrical Stark effect in InAs1-xNx quantum dots

The electronic structure, electron g factor, and Stark effect of InAs1-xNx quantum dots are studied by using the ten-band k center dot p model. It is found that the g factor can be tuned to be zero by the shape and size of quantum dots, nitrogen (N) doping, and the electric field. The N doping has two effects on the g factor: the direct effect increases the g factor and the indirect effect decreases it. The Stark effect in quantum ellipsoids is high asymmetrical and the asymmetry factor may be 319. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.

Luminescence study of (11(2)over-bar0) GaN film grown by metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition

Investigations on photoluminescence properties of (11 (2) over bar0) GaN grown on (1 (1) over bar 02) Al2O3 substrate by metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition are reported. Several emission lines not reported before are observed at low temperature. The sharp peak at 3.359 eV is attributed to the exciton bound to the neutral acceptor. Another peak at 3.310 eV represents a free-to-bound, probably a free electron-to-acceptor, transition. The 3.241 and 3.170 eV lines are interpreted as phonon replica lines of the 3.310 eV line. The phonon energy is 70 meV, consistent with the energy of transverse optical E-1 phonon. The optical properties of the lines are analyzed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.

Small-signal and large-signal performance test of high-speed optoelectronics devices

This paper presents measurement methods for determining the reflection coefficients and frequency responses of semiconductor laser diodes, photodiodes, and EA modulator chips. A novel method for determining the intrinsic frequency responses of laser diodes is also proposed, and applications of the developed measurement methods are discussed. We demonstrate the compensation of bonding wire on the capacitances of both the submount and the laser diode, and present a method for estimating the potential modulation bandwidth of TO packaging technique. Initial study on removing the effects of test fixture on large-signal performances of optoelectronic devices at high data rate is also given.

评一种高效的群签名

群签名是对一般数字签名的一种扩展，有很多重要应用．最近提出的一种高效的群签名，被声称没有采用知识签名，从而签名和验证的计算量远远少于著名的ACJT方案．在本文中，我们指出该方案其实采用了知识签名，但是由于使用上的不当，使得该方案完全不安全，即两个群成员合谋就可以伪造出对任意消息的群签名，且打开算法是无效的．[第一段]

基于SPC的软件需求度量方法

软件需求管理是软件生产与质量管理的重要内容 .面对今天以需求变化难以控制为主要特点的软件危机 ,我们一方面必须采用更加合适的软件工程和需求工程方法 ,去适应需求的不断变化和增长 ;同时还必须采用合适的度量方法和手段 ,去分析需求变化的趋势和原因 ,并控制和管理需求的变化 .该文提出了一种以统计过程控制原理对软件项目的需求变化进行统计控制 ,并对异常波动进行度量分析的软件需求度量方法 .