滇池入湖河流大清河河口段浮游藻类格局研究

2006年7月至2007年12月对大清河3个样点的浮游藻类组成及密度、浮游叶绿素a浓度等指标进行逐月监测。共观察到浮游藻类65个分类单元,计53个属。所有样点的平均藻类密度是1.23×108 ind.L-1,最高密度为1.39×109 ind.L-1,最低密度为3.21×105 ind.L-1。铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)为绝对优势种,监测期间其平均相对丰度为92.23%。随着离湖距离的增加,浮游藻类总密度、铜绿微囊藻的百分含量明显降低,而香农-威纳(Shannon-Wien

三唑磷胁迫对美人蕉生长发育及生理生化的影响

研究了有机磷农药三唑磷对美人蕉生长发育及生理生化的影响,分析了美人蕉修复水体三唑磷污染的可行性.通过水培实验,探讨了不同浓度三唑磷对美人蕉根部超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛、可溶性糖、叶片叶绿素含量、植株生物量、高度和根系发育的影响.结果表明,当三唑磷浓度10 mg.L-1时,美人蕉根部超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、根系发育和株高生长受到抑制,叶片叶绿素含量显著下降;当三唑磷浓度为39 mg.L-1时,植物生物量合成受到抑制.一般三唑磷的环境浓度低于1.0 mg.L-1,美人蕉的生长发育及生

牛山湖翘嘴鲌和红鳍原鲌的年龄与生长

于2002年4月~2003年3月研究了牛山湖翘嘴鲌(C luter alburnus)和红鳍原鲌(Cultrichthys erythropterus)的年龄组成与生长。研究结果表明,翘嘴鲌由5个年龄组组成,以2~4龄鱼为主;红鳍原鲌由3个年龄组组成,以2龄鱼为主。翘嘴鲌的平均体长和体重分别为367 mm和551 g;红鳍原鲌的平均体长和体重分别为141 mm和42 g。翘嘴鲌和红鳍原鲌的体长与体重关系式分别为W=0.00001L2.9902与W=0.000005L3.1941。牛山湖鱼类主要由适应静水生

鳜鱼外周血细胞显微和亚显微结构的观察

本文报道了鳜鱼外周血细胞的显微和亚显微结构。血涂片经过染色，可鉴别出红细胞、血栓细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞和嗜中性粒细胞；还见到幼稚的和正在分裂的红细胞，提示红细胞亦可在外周血液中通过直接分裂产生。白细胞中，血栓细胞体积最小，嗜中性粒细胞体积最大；单核细胞数目最少，血栓细胞数目最多。电镜下，红细胞中可见线粒体和高尔基复合体；淋巴细胞线粒体中可见类似髓样体的板层状结构；血栓细胞和单核细胞与其它鱼类的基本相似；鳜鱼的粒细胞，根据胞质内颗粒及其它细胞器的结构，将其分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型粒细胞，后者类似于其它鱼类的嗜中性粒

河蟹的生物学特性及其人工养殖

<正> 河蟹,学名中华绒螯蟹,为我国著名淡水蟹,俗称毛蟹。分布较广,适应性强,易养殖。 形态 头胸甲发达,略呈圆形或椭圆形,腹部退化,并折叠在胸部的下方,腹节有愈合现象,尾节很小。胸肢除颚足组成口器外,其余5对胸肢中第一对较大,呈钳状,为捕食及御敌工具,其上长有绒毛,故有毛蟹之称。腹肢退化,丧失游泳功能。

漫谈胭脂鱼

<正> 胭脂鱼 Myxocypriuus asiaticus(Bleeker)俗称火烧鳊、红鱼、燕雀鱼、紫鳊鱼、黄排、木叶盘等,属鲤形目、鲤亚目、胭脂鱼科。胭脂鱼科鱼类多产于北美洲,少数见于中美洲和我国。仅美洲就有30余种,其中大口胭脂鱼、小口胭脂鱼、黑色胭脂鱼均有个体大、生长快、繁殖力强等特点。我国长江中的胭脂鱼又可分为亚洲胭脂鱼、中华胭脂鱼、福建胭脂鱼

Molecular cloning and characterization analysis of immunoglobulin M heavy chain gene in European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

In this study, the immunoglobulin M heavy chain gene of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) was cloned and analyzed. The full-length cDNA of the IgM heavy chain gene (GenBank accession no. EF062515) has 2089 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 581 amino acids. The IgM heavy chain was composed of leader peptide (L), variable domain (VH), CH1, CH2. Hinge, CH3, CH4, and C-terminus and two novel continuous putative N-glycosylation sites were found close to the second cysteine of CH3 in A. anguilla-H1 and A. anguilla-H2. The deduced amino acid sequence of the European eel IgM heavy chain constant region shared similarities to that of the Ladyfish (Elops saurus). Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Grass carp (Ctenopharingodon idella), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) with the identity of 46.1%, 39.7%, 38.9%, 32.4%, 32.3%, 31.7%, and 30.7%, respectively. The highest level of IgM gene expression was observed in the kidney, followed by the spleen, gills, liver, muscle and heart in the apparently healthy European eels. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Molecular phylogeny of the specialized schizothoracine fishes (Teleostei : Cyprinidae), with their implications for the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Molecular phylogeny of three genera containing nine species and subspecies of the specialized schizothoracine fishes are investigated based on the complete nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Meantime relationships between the main cladogenetic events of the specialized schizothoracine fishes and the stepwise uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are also conducted using the molecular clock, which is calibrated by geological isolated events between the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Qinghai Lake. Results indicated that the specialized schizothoracine fishes are not a monophyly. Five species and subspecies of Ptychobarbus form a monophyly. But three species of Gymnodiptychus do not form a monophyly. Gd. integrigymnatus is a sister taxon of the highly specialized schizothoracine fishes while Gd. pachycheilus has a close relation with Gd. dybowskii, and both of them are as a sister group of Diptychus maculatus. The specialized schizothoracines fishes might have originated during the Miocene (about 10 MaBP), and then the divergence of three genera happened during late Miocene (about 8 MaBP). Their main specialization occurred during the late Pliocene and Pleistocene (3.54-0.42 MaBP). The main cladogenetic events of the specialized schizothoracine fishes are mostly correlated with the geological tectonic events and intensive climate shift happened at 8, 3.6, 2.5 and 1.7 MaBP of the late Cenozoic. Molecular clock data do not support the hypothesis that the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplifted to near present or even higher elevations during the Oligocene or Miocene, and neither in agreement with the view that the plateau uplifting reached only to an altitude of 2000 in during the late Pliocene (about 2.6 MaBP).

Resting metabolism and heat increment of feeding in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) and Chinese snakehead (Channa argus)

Resting metabolism was measured in immature mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi weighing 42.1-510.2 g and Chinese snakehead Channa argus weighing 41.5-510.3 g at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 degreesC. Heat increment of feeding was measured in mandarin fish weighing 202.0 (+/-14.0) g and snakehead weighing 200.8 (+/-19.3) g fed swamp leach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus at 1% body weight per day at 28 degreesC. In both species, weight exponent in the power relationship between resting metabolism and body weight was not affected by temperature. The relationship between resting metabolism and temperature could be described by a power function. The temperature exponent was 1.39 in mandarin fish and 2.10 in snakehead (P < 0.05), indicating that resting metabolism in snakehead increased with temperature at a faster rate than in mandarin fish. Multiple regression models were used to describe the effects of body weight (W, g) and temperature (T, C) on the resting metabolism (R-s, mg O-2/h): In R-s = - 5.343 + 0.772 In W + 1.387 In T for the mandarin fish and In R-s = -7.863 + 0.801 ln W + 2.104 In T for the Chinese snakehead. The proportion of food energy channelled to heat increment was 8.7% in mandarin fish and 6.8% in snakehead. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.