Phenomenological analysis of the double-pion production in nucleon-nucleon collisions up to 2.2 GeV

With an effective Lagrangian approach, we analyze several NN -> NN pi pi channels by including various resonances with mass up to 1.72 GeV. For the channels with the pion pair of isospin zero, we confirm the dominance of N*(1440) -> N sigma in the near-threshold region. At higher energies and for channels with the final pion pair of isospin one, we find large contributions from N*(1440) -> Delta pi, double-Delta, Delta(1600) -> N*(1440)pi, Delta(1600) -> Delta pi and Delta(1620) -> Delta pi. There are also sizable contributions from Delta -> Delta pi, Delta -> N pi, N -> Delta pi, and nucleon pole at energies close to the threshold. We give a good reproduction to the total cross sections up to beam energies of 2.2 GeV except for the pp -> pp pi(0)pi(0) channel at energies around 1.1 GeV and our results agree with the existing data of differential cross sections of pp -> pp pi(+)p pi(-), pp -> nn pi(+)pi(+), and pp -> pp pi(0)pi(0) which are measured at CELSIUS and COSY.

PROBING THE SYMMETRY ENERGY AT SUPRA-SATURATION DENSITIES FROM PION EMISSION IN HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

Within the framework of the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (ImIQMD) model, the emission of pion in heavy-ion collisions in the region 1 A GeV as a probe of nuclear symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities is investigated systematically, in which the pion is considered to be mainly produced by the decay of resonances Delta(1232) and N*(1440). The pi(-)/pi(+) yields are calculated for selected Skyrme parameters SkP, SLy6, Ska and SIII, and also for the cases of different stiffness of symmetry energy with the parameter SLy6. Preliminary results compared with the measured data by the FOPI collaboration favor a hard symmetry energy of the potential term proportional to (rho/rho(0))(gamma s) with gamma(s) = 2.

FEBIAD-II离子源少参数质量公式和核质量计算

第一篇FEBIAD－II离子源根据物理实验的要求本文设计和加工了一套有别于中空阴极源的FEBIAD－II离子源系统，在文中对离子源结构和特点进行了分析。测试了离子源引出离子束的发散情况，得到了此离子源的工作温度，引出离子流与高压、引出板电压、网栅电流的关系曲线，进而给出本源的工作参数。第二篇少参数质量公式和核质量计算本文介绍一个少参数的原子核质量公式，并计算了28≤Z≤81的1440个原子核质量和S_(2n)，与实验比较，核质量和S_(2n)的方均根偏差分别为1.01和0.57MeV。计算的双中子分离能曲线很好地重现了N＝50、82的主壳效应，Z＝40时N＝56的亚壳效应，以及N≥60和90时的原子核发生大形变的特性

土壤活性有机碳

土壤活性有机碳是土壤中活跃的化学组分,能显著影响土壤化学物质的溶解、吸附、解吸、吸收、迁移乃至生物毒性等行为,近年来土壤活性有机碳已成为土壤、环境和生态科学领域所关注的焦点和研究的热点。本文从土壤活性有机碳的来源、组成、含量、影响因素以及环境意义等方面做了简要的论述。一般认为,土壤活性有机碳来源于植物凋落物的分解、根系分泌物、土壤有机质的水解、土壤微生物本身及其代谢产物,因为来源的不同土壤活性有机碳含量也不同;影响土壤活性有机碳的因素有很多,研究表明,土壤活性有机碳随季节和湿度的变化呈现十分强烈的变异趋势;土地利用方式改变对土壤活性有机碳的影响在不同的研究中有不同的结果;土地管理措施如耕作、施有机肥和化肥、改变土壤pH值等对土壤活性有机碳也有很大的影响。土壤活性有机碳的生态环境效应主要表现在它对调节土壤养分流有很大影响,与土壤内在的生产力高度相关;它作为重金属的有机配体,对土壤溶液中的微量重金属的可移动性和迁移过程以及金属复合物的形成过程有着重要作用;它的存在影响农药在土壤中的截留、增加农药的水溶性,并影响农药在土壤中的运动;它对温室气体的排放、水体富营养化、岩石圈溶蚀都有很重要的作用。同时指出了未来的研究方向。

Brittle-ductile transition of polypropylene/ethyllene-propylene-diene monomer blends induced by size, temperature, and time

To study the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) blends induced by size, temperature, and time, the toughness of the PP/EPDM blends was investigated over wide ranges of EPDM content, temperature, and strain rate. The toughness of the blends was determined from the tensile fracture energy of the side-edge notched samples. The concept of interparticle distance (ID) was introduced into this study to probe the size effect on the BDT of PP/EPDM blends, whereas the effect of time corresponded to that of strain rate. The BDT induced by size, temperature, and time was observed in the fracture energy versus ID, temperature, and strain rate. The critical BDT temperatures for various EPDM contents at different initial strain rates were obtained from these transitions. The critical interparticle distance (IDc) increased nonlinearly with increasing temperature, and when the initial strain rate was lower, the IDc was larger. Moreover, the variation of the reciprocal of the initial strain rate with the reciprocal of temperature followed different straight lines for various EPDM contents. These straight lines were with the same slope.

用Procrustes旋转-相关光谱数据分解同时光度测定硝酸根和亚硝酸根的探讨

输入具有相同光谱轮廓但不同浓度试样的吸光度数据，通过对相关光谱的分解及Procrustes旋转，可在无需校正试样的情况下获得试样中的组分数、纯组分光谱轮廓和各组分的相对浓度等信息，本文探索将此方法应用于NO-2及NO-3的同时光度测定，获得较好的结果。

STUDIES ON THE SULFONATION OF POLY(PHENYLENE OXIDE) (PPO) AND PERMEATION BEHAVIOR OF CASES AND WATER-VAPOR THROUGH SULFONATED PPO MEMBRANES .1. SULFONATION OF PPO AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS

Poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) (PPO) was sulfonated to varying degrees using different sulfonating agents. Physical properties such as solubility, density, and thermal properties were studied for both PPO and sulfonated PPO (SPPO) with different degree

ENTANGLEMENT FLUCTUATION DURING PHASE-SEPARATION IN POLYMER BLENDS

For perhaps the first time, the dynamics of liquid-liquid phase separation was studied by time-resolved mechanical spectrometry in order to establish the relationship between blends' properties and the phase structures during spinodal decomposition (SD). The selected system was chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). It was found that in the early and intermediate stage of SD, the storage modulus (G') and the loss modulus (G'') increase with time after the initiation of the isothermal phase separation; in the later stage, G' and G'' decrease as phase separation proceeds. An entanglement fluctuation model was presented to manifest this phenomenon; it was found that the rheological behavior agrees well with the expections of the model in the early stage. For the later stage, the reduction of G' and G'' can be attributed to the increment of phase-domain size. (C) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen gene (HBsAg) in Laminaria japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

A transformation model for Laminaria japonica was established from 1993 to 1998, on the basis of which the transgenic kelp with heterologous gene encoding hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was obtained by using the micro-particle bombardment transformation method. Results of quantitative ELISA showed that HBsAg in transgenic kelp was 0.529 mug/mg soluble proteins on average and the highest value was 2.497 mug/mg, implying that recombinant HBsAg had natural epitope. Further support for the integration of HBsAg gene into kelp genome was obtained by PCR-Southern and total DNA hybridization. Prospect of kelp bio-reactor producing high value materials such as edible HBV vaccine was discussed as well.

Biochemical and electron microscopic characterization of the F1F0 ATP Synthase from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Aquifex aeolicus

The F1F0 ATP synthase has been purified from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Aquifex aeolicus and characterized. Its subunits have been identified by MALDI-mass spectrometry through peptide mass fingerprinting and MS/MS. It contains the canonical subunits alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon of F-1 and subunits a and c of F-0. Two versions of the b subunit were found, which show a low sequence homology to each other. Most likely they form a heterodimer. An electron microscopic single particle analysis revealed clear structural details, including two stalks connecting F-1 and F-0. In several orientations the central stalk appears to be tilted and/or kinked. It is unclear whether there is a direct connection between the peripheral stalk and the 6 subunit. (c) 2006 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.