我国部分地区土壤环境背景值历史动态变化规律研究

以我国南方经济开发区。东北重工业区以及内蒙古草原区主要土壤类型为研究对象，分析近半个世纪以来不同历史时期土壤中Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg元素的背景值及其变化规律。结果表明，近半个世纪凤来，土壤金属元素背景值普遍存在变化。海拉尔草原区暗栗钙土近30年来Cu、Pb、Cd浓度相对稳定。As浓度有增加，而Ni、Zn、Hg浓度降低。上海郊区水稻土近10年As、Pb、Hg浓度呈现降低。南京东郊黄棕壤近50年来Cd、Hg浓度降低。Zn、Ni、Pb、As浓度升高。沈阳郊区草甸土，草甸棕壤及棕壤近30年来Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu浓度多呈升高，Hg浓度下降。各地区10—50年间土壤表层金属元素年变化率以上海、沈阳地区较大，海拉尔草原区相对较小。在2Km * 2Km面积上，草甸棕壤表土17个采样点间，7种金属元素浓度变异系数（%）分别为：Cd(33.1) > Hg(31.2) > Pb(11.3) > As(8.5) > Cu(8.3) > Zn(8.1) > Ni(7.2)。距该中心处不同距离的采样点间，各元素测定结果无显著差异（α = 0.01）。

Catalytic partial oxidation of n-heptane for hydrogen production

Partial oxidation of n-heptane (POH) for hydrogen generation was studied over several catalysts between 700 and 850degreesC. Modified Ni-based/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst exhibited not only good catalytic activity but also good carbon deposition resistance ability. Under the modified reaction conditions, 100% n-heptane conversion and 93% hydrogen selectivity can be obtained.

Controllable synthesis of metal hydroxide and oxide nanostructures by ionic liquids assisted electrochemical corrosion method

Cu(OH)(2) nanowires have been synthesized by anodic oxidation of copper through a simple electrolysis process employing ionic liquid as an electrolyte. Controlling the electrochemical conditions can qualitatively modulate the lengths, amounts, and shapes of Cu(OH)(2) nanostructures. A rational mechanism based on coordination self-assembly and oriented attachment is proposed for the selective formation of the polycrystalline Cu(OH)(2) nanowires. In addition, the FeOOH nanoribbons, Ni(OH)(2) nanosheets, and ZnO nanospheres were also synthesized by this route, indicative of the universality of the electrochemical route presented herein. The morphologies and structures of the synthesized nanostructures have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric (TG). (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Structure and electrochemical characteristics of melted composite Ti0.10Zr0.15V0.35Cr0.10Ni0.30-LaNi5 hydrogen storage alloys

The structure and electrochemical characteristics of melted composite Ti0.10Zr0.15V0.35Cr0.10Ni0.30+x% LaNi5 (x=0, 1, 5 and 10) hydrogen storage alloys have been investigated systematically. XRD shows that the matrix phase structure of V-based solid solution phase with a BCC structure and C14 Laves phase with hexagonal structure is not changed after adding LaNi5 alloy. However, the amount of the secondary phase increases with increasing LaNi5 content. Field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) shows that the C14 Laves phase contains more Zr and the white lard phase has a composition close to (Zr, Ti)(V, Cr, Ni, La)(2).

Biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymers bearing protected hydroxyl groups: Synthesis and characterization

A new biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-factide-co-9-phenyl-2,4,8, 10-tetraoxaspiro[5,5]undecan-3-one) [PEG-b-P(LA-co-PTO)], was successfully prepared by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) Of L-lactide (LA) and functionalized carbonate monomer 9-phenyl-2,4,8,10-tetraozaspiro[5,5]undecan-3-one (PTO) in the presence of monohydroxyl poly(ethylene glycol) as macroinitiator using Sn(Oct)(2) as catalyst. NMR, FT-IR, and GPC studies confirmed the copolymer structure.

A ternary supramolecular compound of p-sulfonatocalix[8]arene with 1D channels

A ternary supramolecular complex of [Ni(bipy)(2)(H2O)](4)(C8AS)center dot 17.6(H2O) (bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine and C8AS = p-sulfonatocalix[8]arene) has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, TG-DTA analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the structure. the water-soluble p-sulfonatocalix[8]arene molecule adopts a double partial cone conformation and is coordinated by four nickel atoms each of which is bonded by two 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine molecules and one water molecule at the same time. The tetranuclear Subunits are stacked into an extended 3D structure with 1D water-filled channels via hydrogen bonds and C-H center dot center dot center dot pi interactions.

Cu掺杂的NiO的制备及其超级电容器性能

采用低热固相反应法合成掺杂Cu的Ni(OH)2,将其在300℃下热处理得到相应的NiO.电化学测试表明∶掺杂量为n(Ni)∶n(Cu)=100∶0.25时,NiO电极的比容量最高,为99-120 F/g,具有良好的充放电性能,而不掺杂的只有83-111 F/g,因此掺杂Cu有利于提高NiO的电化学性能.

A novel route to polyethylene-polystyrene blends through the fragmentation of porous polystyrene beads supported metallocene in ethylene polymerization

Polyethylene-polystyrene blends were synthesized by in situ ethylene polymerization with polystyrene porous beads supported metallocene; the influence of fragmenting support beads on the morphology and the mechanical performance of the blends was investigated.

Biodegradable amphiphilic triblock copolymer bearing pendant glucose residues: Preparation and specific interaction with Concanavalin A molecules

A novel biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymer PLGG-PEG-PLGG bearing pendant glucose residues is successfully prepared by the coupling reaction of 3-(2-aminoethylthio) propyl-R-D-glucopyranoside with the pendant carboxyl groups of PLGG-PEG-PLGG in the presence of N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole. The polymer PLGG-PEG-PLGG, i.e., poly {(lactic acid)-co-[(glycolic acid)-alt-(L-glutamic acid)]}-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly{( lactic acid)-co-[( glycolic acid)-alt-(L-glutamic acid)]}, is prepared by ring-opening copolymerization of L-lactide (LLA) with (3s)-benzoxylcarbonylethylmorpholine-2,5-dione (BEMD) in the presence of dihydroxyl PEG with molecular weight of 2000 as macroinitiator and Sn(Oct)(2) as catalyst, and then by catalytic hydrogenation. The glucose-grafted copolymer shows a lower degree of cytotoxicity to ECV-304 cells and improved specific recognition and binding with Concanavalin A (Con A). Therefore, this kind of glucose-grafted copolymer may find biomedical applications.

Nickel complexes catalyzed Heck reaction of iodobenzene and methyl acrylate

Nickel appears the most promising for the replacement of palladium among the inexpensive transition metals for that it is active for Heck reaction and about 500 times cheaper than palladium. In this article, we describe our recent results in the area of nickel-catalyzed Heck vinylations. Main focus is on the influence of ligand concentration in different organic solvents and the effects of the addition of water. The conversion is high in NMP and increases with increasing of PPh3/Ni ratio; in ethanol and toluene the conversion presents a maximum value on Ni(PPh3)(2). The effect of the addition of water is sensitive to the concentration of PPh3 and the nature of solvent, it was well explained with the formation and transfer of the active species in the different solvent systems.

Oxamido-bridged heterobinuclear copper(II)-nickel(II) complex and homotrinuclear nickel(II) complex with 2D supramolecular structure: synthesis, crystal structure, magnetic and spectroscopic properties

The oxamido-bridged heterobinuclear copper(II)-nickel(II) complex, [Cu(oxbe)Ni(phen)(2)]ClO4.3H(2)O (1) and homotrinuclear nickel(11) complex {[Ni(oxbe)](2)Ni(H2O)(2)}.2.5DMF (2) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, IR, EPR. and electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility, where H(3)oxbe is dissymmetrical ligand N-benzoato-N'-(2-aminoethyl)ox-amido, phen = 1.10-phenanthroline, DMF = dimethylformamide. Complex I has an extended oxamido-bridged structure consisting of planar copper(II) and octahedral nickel(II) ions. The chi(M) and mu(eff) versus T plots of 1 is typical of an antiferromagnetically coupled Cu(II)-Ni(II,) pair with a spin-doublet ground state, and magnetic analysis leads to J = -57.1 cm(-1). The molecular structure of 2 is centrosymmetrical, with one octahedral nickel atom lying at an inversion center and two terminal Ni(II) atoms in approximately square planar environment. Through the hydrogen bonds and pi- pi stacking interactions, a 2D supramolecular structure is formed.

In situ ethylene homopolymerization and copolymerization catalyzed by zirconocene catalysts entrapped inside functionalized montmorillonite

Ethylene homopolymerizations and copolymerizations were catalyzed by zirconocene catalysts entrapped inside functionalized. montmorillonites that had been rendered organophilic via the ion exchange of the interlamellar cations of layered montmorillonite with hydrochlorides Of L-amino acids (AAH(+)Cl(-)) or their methyl esters (MeAAH(+)Cl(-)), with or without the further addition of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16H33N+Me3Br-; R4N+Br-). In contrast to the homogeneous CP2ZrCl2/methylaluminoxane catalyst for ethylene homopolymerizations and copolymerizations with 1-octene, the intercalated Cp2ZrCl2 activated by methylaluminoxane for ethylene homopolymerizations and copolymerizations with 1-octene proved to be more effective in the synthesis of polyethylenes with controlled molecular weights, chemical compositions and structures, and properties, including the bulk density. The effects of the properties of the organic guests on the preparation and catalytic performance of the intercalated zirconocene catalysts were studied.

镍邻菲绕啉对DNA固定作用的原子力显微镜表征

原子力显微镜 ( AFM)自 1 986年发明以来得到了广泛的应用和发展 [1,2 ] ,成为众多研究领域中的强有力工具 ,并为其它的研究技术提供了良好的互补手段 .DNA是 AFM首次研究的生物样品之一 ,它使人类首次观察到 DNA分子的原始形貌 ,并实现了接近生理条件下的操作 ,使得随时监测生物大分子的生化反应过程成为现实 [3,4 ] .在 DNA的 AFM研究中 ,样品的制备是其关键 .以阳离子 (如 Mg2 + ,Ba2 + ,Mn2 +和 Ca2 +等 [5] )固定法较为常见 ,其操作简单 ,固定效果好 ,基底效应小 ,但也有一定的局限性 ,如存在限制性内切酶时 ,这些简单离子会催化酶对 DNA分子的切割作用 ,从而不利于完整 DNA分子链上酶的特异与非特异吸附定位的研究 .本文采用 AFM技术 ,研究了 Ni( phen) 2 + 3 在云母片上对线形 DNA分子的固定与展开作用 ,并对所采集的图像进行了初步分析和处理 .1　实验部分1 .1　样品与制备　Ni( phen) 2 + 3 由 Ni2 SO4 (分析纯 )和 1 ,1 0 -邻菲绕啉 (分析纯 )制备 .PBR32 2 /pst ...

乙酰丙酮铜杂化层状磷酸钒的合成与表征

本文主要报道一种可用于含过渡金属层状VOP化合物的直接合成方法和用该方法合成的一个新层状乙酰丙酮铜配合物嵌入的磷酸钒(Cu(acac)<,2>-LVPO),并对其进行了结构表征.