92 resultados para 0.22 per mil
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0.15 0.66T/ha1.23 T /ha0.03 0.19 T/ha0.22 T /ha82/ha8/ha7.90T/ha1.31%94/ha24/ha16.23T/ha2.02%59.17%46.77%y_1y_2y_1 = 0.3747e - 0.0162t. y_2 = 0.4454 e~(-0.0275t)0.0162 0.0230/0.0275 0.0390/0.0068/0.0115/50%432595%185106CNCaNakPMgC3361.12 kg/ha7184.11kg/ha; N 26.83kg/ha33.44 kg/ha; P 3.68kg/ha6.29kg/ha; ca33.33kg/ha 38.04kg/ha; mg 2.67kg/ha 3.87 kg/ha; K 4.73 kg/ha. 8.15 kg/ha; Na 1.42 kg/ha2.76 kg/ha. N
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$\phi_{\hbox{}}$800mm$\times$2000mm$\times$100mm50 g100 g TNT0.10.31710m0.22$\sim$0.25 m/W$^{1/3}$100 g TNT0.22$\sim$0.25 m/W$^{1/3}$1.5m/W$^{1/3}$1.5 m/W$^{1/3}$2.15m/W1/30.065 m/W$^{1/3}$0.027 m/W1/330$^\circ$50$^\circ$210 mm8$\sim$12 mm0.022 m/W$^{1/3}$370 mm230$\sim$410 mm
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333332 13Bufo minshanicus(0.41)(0.42)(0.20)(0.50)(0.51) 5Nanorana pleskei(0.81)(0.63)(0.47)(0.68) 43(0.66)(0.58)(0.64)(0.51)(0.79) 5(0.39)(0.30)(0.18)(0.33) 4Rana kukunoris0.620.560.840.600.270.1433(0.87)(0.81) 2028r=0.797, p<0.001r=0.794, p<0.001r=0.456, p<0.05p<0.00112:3015:3016:309:3010:3015:3016:30 3(Aphodiidae)(IRI)35.28%28.57%(Bibionidae)(Muscidae)(Calliphoridae)(IRI85.54%49.70%)(Curculionidae)(Carabidae)(Geotrupidae) (IRI13.41%)(Lycosidae)30.430.090.22(0.40)0.33 43(31.94%21.32%)(76.38%44%)/(P=0.188)(P=0.075)(P=0.537) 5Bufo gargarizans This paper presented the study of competition of three amphibians (Rana kukunoris, Nanorana pleskei, Bufo minshanicus) based on spatial, temporal and dietary scales in Zoige wetland. We measured coexistence patterns of three amphibians and analyzed their ability of exploiting resource. Effects of grazing on the diet composition and diet competition of amphibians were analyzed by their diet composition during spring and autumn. Furthermore, we examined the competitive ability of larval common frogs (Rana kukunoris)and common toads(Bufo gargarizans) in a laboratory experiment, and analyzed their competitive strategies respectively. The results were as follows: 1 .The status of using spatial resource Niche breadths of B. minshanicus adults on 5 dimensional axes including character of pasture(0.41), number of yaks dung(0.42), vegetation coverage(0.20), temperature (0.50)and humidity(0.51) of ground surface were narrower than adults of R. kukunoris and N. pleskei. Niche breadths of B. minshanicus subadults were broader than R.kukunoris subadults and N.pleskei subadults on 5 dimensional axes including character of pasture (0.66), number of yaks dung (0.58), vegetation height (0.64), distance to small waterbodies (0.51), humidity of ground surface (0.79). Niche breadths of N. pleskei subadults were the narrowest in three anurans subadults on 4 dimensional axes including character of pasture (0.39), number of yaks dung (0.30), temperature (0.18) and humidity (0.33) of ground surface, niche breadths of N. pleskei adults were the broadest in three anurans adults on 4 dimensional axes including number of yaks dung (0.81), vegetation height (0.63) and coverage(0.47), distance to small waterbodies(0.68).Comparatively, niche breadths of R. kukunoris were broader on the two microclimate factors including temperature(adults0.62subadults0.56) and humidity (adults0.84subadults0.60)of ground surface, but was narrow on distance to small waterbodies(adults0.27subadults0.14). Strategies for using habitat resource of adults and subadults of the three species anuran were different. Generally, subadults of R. kukunoris and N. pleskei needs better habitat condition. It was quite similar that three anurans exploited spatial resource, Niche overlap between R. kukunoris and N. pleskei (0.87) was greater than that between R. kukunoris and B.minshanicus(0.81). 2.Daily activity rhythm R. kukunoris audlts were active when air temperatures were as low as 0, R. kukunoris subadults were active at 2, B.minshanicus subaudlts were active at 8. Positive correlation was found between activities of amphibians and air temperature, Subadults of R.kukunoris, (r=0.797, p<0.001), Subadults,of,B.minshanicus, (r=0.794, p<0.001), andbadults,of,R.kukunoris(r=0.456, p<0.05).Amphibians were more active during sunny days than cloudy days. In cloudy turning into sunny, R. kukunoris and B.minshanicus subadults had two active peak: at noon about 12:30 and 15:3016:30 pm; in cloudy, R. kukunoris and B.minshanicus subadult had two active peak too : 9:3010:30am,15:3016:30pm. 3.Diet analysis Aphodiidae was the most commonly consumed food item by R. kukunoris based on index of relative importance (IRI) during spring (35.28%) and autumn (28.57%) in Zogie wetland. Besides Aphodiidae, larval insect, dipterans such as Bibionidae, Muscidae, Calliphoridae also were important food item for R. kukunoris, in autumn, locust was one of important food item for R. kukunoris. The most important food item for B.minshanicus during spring (IRI:85.54%) and autumn (IRI:49.70%) was ants, following, was coleopterans, such as Aphodiidae, dung beetle. Aphodiidae (IRI:13.41%) were the most important consumed food item by N. pleskei during spring too, following, was ants and Bibionidae. Dietary breadth of N. pleskei (0.43) were greater than R. kukunoris (0.22) and B. minshanicus (0.09). As a whole, Dietary breadth of amphibians during aurumn were greater than spring. Based on prey item, dietary overlap between R. kukunoris and N. pleskei (0.40) was greater than that between R. kukunoris and B.minshanicus (0.33) during spring. 4.Effects of grazing on the diet composition and diet competition of amphibians Amphibians are an important part of the pasture ecosystems as prey and predator. In Zogie wetland, major diet of amphibians was closely associated with dung of yaks, for example, Aphodiidae, Bibionidae, Muscidae, dung beetle. Dung of yaks was major diet and habitat of these insects. Proportion of Aphodiidae was higher in diet composition of R. kukunoris than N. pleskei and B.minshanicus, with development of pasturage, R. kukunoris may have a diet competitive advantage over N. pleskei and B.minshanicus. Number of Aphodiidae in diet composition of amphibians was higher in samples with grazing (31.94%) than in those without grazing (21.32%). Occurrence Frequency of Aphodiidae in diet composition of amphibians was higher in samples with grazing (76.38%) than in those without grazing (44%). However, There was not significantly different on diet composition (P=0.188), and number (P=0.075) and the relative fatness (P=0.537) of amphibians between grazing samples and without grazing. 5.Competitive strategies of amphibian larvae I examined the competitive ability of larval toads (Bufo gargarizans) and frogs (Rana kukunoris) which co-occur in the nature pond by activity level, the growth rate and mass at metamorphosis and larval period in a laboratory experiment. The results suggest: In laborary, B.gargarizans adapted himself to different food level by changing activity. At high food level, B. gargarizans increased activity to gain more diet. At low food level, B. gargarizans decreased activity and achieved early metamorphosis. When food resource was limit, R. kukunoris could gain more food than B. gargarizans.
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The neutron (PF2)-P-3 pairing gap in pure neutron matter has been studied by using the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock( BHF) approach and the BCS theory. We have concentrated our attention on investigating the three-body force effect on the neutron superfluidity in the (PF2)-P-3 channel. The calculated results indicate that the three-body force enhances remarkably the (PF2)-P-3 superfluidity in neutron matter. When adopting the BHF single-particle spectrum, the three-body force turns out to increase the maximum value of the pairing gap from about 0.22 MeV to about 0.5 MeV.
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Since 1998, many experiments for metallic ion production have been done on LECR2 (Lanzhou ECR ion source NO.2), LECR3 (Lanzhou ECR ion source NO.3) and SECRAL (Superconductiong ECR ion source Advanced design in Lanzhou) at Institute of Modern Physics. The very heavy metallic ion beams such as those of uranium were also produced by the plasma sputtering method, and supplied for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) accelerators successfully. During the test, 11.5e mu AU(28+), 9e mu AU(24+) were obtained. Some ion beams of the metal having lower melting temperature such as Ni and Mg ion beams were produced by oven method on LECR3 too. The consumption rate was controlled to be lower for Mg-26 ion beams production, and the minimum consumption was about 0.3mg per hour. In this paper, the main experimental results are given. Some discussions are made for some experimental phenomena and results, and some conclusions are drawn.
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N55MeVu~(40)Ar+~(58.64)Ni30MeV/u~(40)Ar+~(112,124)Sn35Mevu~(36)Ar+~(112,124)SnNz1.131.261.241.411.181.3555MeVu 40Ar+58,64Ni4HeHeIMFHe30Mevu40Sn35MeV/u~(40)Ar~(112124)Sn35Mevu 36Ar112,124Sn13a30Mevu 40Ar11212SnUAr112Sn4VAr+124Sn4.18+0.28/0.21MEV4.100.22/0.20MeV40Arl12Sn5.13.30/0.26MEV3.870.37/0.29MeV40Ar124Sn5390.30/0.26MeV332MeV35Mevu 36Ar112124SnF32536Ar124SnIMF36Ai124SnIMFMENEKAIMF36Ai112snIMF150fm/c36Ar124SnIME120fmcIMFIMFIMFIMFIMFIMF36Ar112SnIMF100c36Ai124SnIMF50fm/c
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3(PAR),PAR,5PAR.:PAR,;PAR,.5PAR.,PAR,0.15;,0.22,8.3848(9:0010:0013:0014:00),PAR.
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The heat capacities of p-chlorobenzoic acid were measured in the temperature range from 80 to 580 K by means of an automatic adiabatic calorimeter equipped with a small sample cell of internal volume of 7.4cm(3). The construction and procedures of the calorimetric system were described in detail. The performance of this calorimetric apparatus was evaluated by heat capacity measurements on alpha-Al2O3. The deviations of experimental heat capacities from the corresponding smoothed values lie within +/-0.28 per cent, while the inaccuracy is within +/-0.40 per cent, compared with the recommended reference data in the whole experimental temperature range. A fusion transition at T = 512.280 K was found from the C-p-T curve of p-chlorobenzoic acid. The enthalpy and entropy of the phase transition, as well as the thermodynamic functions {G((T)) - G((298.15))}, {H-(T) - H-(298.15)} and {S-(T) - S-298.15}, were derived from the heat capacity data. The mass fraction purity of p-chlorobenzoic acid sample used in the present calorimetric study was determined to be 0.99935 by fraction melting approach. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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2006QuickBird,CITYgreen,,.:0.51Tg,1.26;6858.20Mg,172.41;556.04Mg,0.22.,;;.,,.
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Temporal trends in total ozone for the St. Lawrence estuary were estimated from ground-based measurements at the NOAA/CMDL station in Caribou, Maine. Linear regression analysis showed that from 1979 to 1999 total ozone has decreased by about 3.3% per decade on an annual basis and 6.2% per decade on a monthly basis relative to unperturbed (pre-CFC) levels. The influence of increased ultraviolet-B (280320 nm) radiation associated with ozone depletion on water column photochemical processes was evaluated by modeling the photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic material (CDOM). Linear regression analysis showed small (<0.5% per decade), but statistically significant upward trends in maximum noontime photobleaching rates. Most notably, positive trends in relative rates for May, June, and July, when maximum absolute rates are expected, were predicted. A global model based on TOMS ozone data revealed increases in photobleaching of 3% per decade at high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. Radiation amplification factors for increases in photochemically weighted UV (280400 nm) in response to ozone depletion were estimated at 0.1 and 0.08 for photobleaching of CDOM absorbance at 300 and 350 nm, respectively. Application of the laboratory-based model to conditions that more closely resembled those in situ were variable with both overestimation and underestimation of measured rates. The differences between modeled rates and observed rates under quasi-natural conditions were as large or larger than the predicted increases due to ozone depletion. These comparisons suggest that biological activity and mixing play an important, but as yet ill-defined, role in modifying photochemical processes.
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,,,,,,,060cm9.2428.12g/kg,0.220.60g/kg,0.1716.08mg/kg,80.06168.39mg/kg;NO3-N,2m,180200cm249.61kg/hm2,NH4+NNH4+NNO3-N,NH4+N,NO3-NNO3-N,NO3-N,
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,601920.:,,19612000,6019200.22;,601820(19612000,)0.52,8219200.42;,100,50,30201.05,1.38,2.02
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The amplified spontaneous emission properties of a 2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazole attached polyfluorene semiconductor polymer were studied. The conjugated polymer shows a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 67% and emits a narrowed blue emissive spectrum with a full width at half-maximum of 3.6 nm when optically pumped, indicating better lasing action. A threshold energy as low as 0.22 mJ pulse(-1) cm(-2), a net gain of 40.54 cm(-1) and a loss of 7.8 cm(-1) were obtained, demonstrating that this conjugated polymer could be a promising candidate as the gain medium for the fabrication of blue polymer lasers.
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The large-scale synthesis of the metal-organic framework Eu(1,3,5-BTC)center dot 6H(2)O nanocrystallites with delicate morphologies such as sheaflike, butterflylike, and flowerlike superstructures composed of nanowires have been realized via a simple solution phase method at room temperature. Time-dependent experiments indicate that these superstructures were constructed by the splitting crystal growth mechanism, as has been noted in some minerals in nature. The synthetic parameters such as reaction time, concentration and molar ratio of reactants, surfactant, and reaction temperature all affected the morphology of the Eu(1,3,5-BTC)center dot 6H(2)O architectures. These well-arranged architectures exhibit red emission corresponding to the D-5(0) -> F-7(2) transition of the Eu3+ ions under UV light excitation, and the lifetime is determined to be about 0.22 ms.
