尖吻蝮蛇蛇毒出血毒素DaHT-3的纯化与性质

通过Sephadex G-75,DEAE-Sephadex A-50,Sephadex G-200和两次PBE聚焦层析,从尖吻蝮蛇(Dienagkistrodon acutus)蛇毒中纯化到一个分子量为56 000的出血毒素(DaHT-3),经氨基酸组成测定计算,由487个氨基酸残基组成。此成分在SDS-PAGE上显示出一条均一的蛋白染色带,用等电聚焦电泳测定,其pI为5.50。该出血成分的最小出血剂量是2.6#mu#g,具有蛋白水解酶活力,其活力为3.68,但没有精氨酸酯酶和磷脂酶A_(2)活力。用红外光谱仪研究DaHT-3在溶液中酰胺Ⅰ带的吸收谱,该毒素含有31.8%的#alpha#螺旋、56.1%的#beta#折叠和12.1%的转角;当加入EDTA螯合剂去除金属离子后,它们的#alpha#螺旋、#beta#折叠、转角和无规卷曲分别变为11%、26.4%、46.2%和16.5%,而出血活力和蛋白水解酶活力均丧失,表明该出血毒素是金属蛋白酶。

江西省不同地方中华蜜蜂外部形态的比较研究

主要测定了江西省8个县（市）中蜂工蜂的吻长、右前翅长与宽、背板长、肘脉指数和跗节指数等主要外部开矿指标，结果表明，浮梁中蜂为最理想选育材料。同时，对江西省中蜂资源的开发利用提出几点建议。

菊小长管蚜的化学防治研究

菊小长管蚜Macrosiphorniella sanborni是昆明地区花卉主要害虫之一，该虫对菊花嫩叶，嫩梢，花柄及花勒为害率达65.0%，个别大棚高达100，损失产量25.0%。室内外用1.8爱福丁3000，2500，2000倍液敌敌畏1500，1000，800倍液进行毒杀试验，爱福丁室内的毒杀率达96.6%，敌敌畏达96.3%；田间爱福丁害83.39%，敌敌畏达80.20%。

竹叶青(Trimeresurus stejnegeri)蛇毒五种磷脂酶A_(2)的分离纯化和氨基酸序列分析

用超细Sephadex G-75凝胶色谱和C4反相高效液相色谱从竹叶青(Trimeresurus stejnegeri)蛇毒中分离纯化5种磷脂酶A_(2),并分别命名为PLA_(2)-Ⅰ(SWISS-PROT,P82892)、Ⅱ(SWISS-PROT,P82893)、Ⅲ(SWISS-PROT,P82894)、Ⅳ(SWISS-PROT,P82895)、Ⅴ(SWISS-PROT,P82896)。SDS-PAGE测定它们的分子量分别为14.0、15.8、15.0、14.0和14.0kDa。等电聚焦电泳测得PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ呈碱性,等电点大于8.8;PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ呈酸性,等电点分别为5.2和4.7。PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ有水解卵磷脂活性。用自动Edman降解法测定了PLA_(2)-Ⅴ的全部氨基酸序列和PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的N-端部分氨基酸序列。PLA_(2)-Ⅴ由122个氨基酸残基组成,有14个Cys,并与其它来源的PLA_(2)的氨基酸序列进行了比较。

青海海北高寒草甸黄嘴朱顶雀亲鸟递食率

中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站的黄嘴朱顶雀 (Acanthis flavirostris)雌雄亲鸟的育幼行为数据收集于1999～2001年的3个繁殖季节(5～8月). 观察使用了一个闭路电视系统, 包括放在鸟巢附近5～10处的摄像头和35～40m外的监视器. 数据分析表明: 亲鸟的递食率无年间变化; 雌、雄鸟递食率没有差异; 总递食率不随雏鸟日龄和日间不同时段改变, 但雌鸟在傍晚以前的递食率低于雄鸟并在傍晚高于雄鸟. 在雏鸟6日龄前, 雌鸟总递食率低于雄鸟, 且二者逐步逼近, 然后稳定在同一水平. 此种性别差异与雌鸟在递食以外所承担的, 为雏鸟保温、遮阳以及清除雏鸟粪便等事务有关, 这些结果与单配制鸟类亲本投资理论一致。

树鼩细胞周期蛋白T1 cDNA的克隆和序列分析

树鼩细胞不能感染 HIV-1, 但支持 HIV-1进入靶细胞后的转录, 可能是因为树鼩细胞周期蛋白T1(tsCycT1)能结合HIV-1的 Tat 蛋白. 通过设计引物, 用 RT-PCR 技术, 获得全长为2175bpts CycT1 基因的cD NA. 其核苷酸序列与人的 CycT1(hCycT1) 基因的 cDNA 有92.6%的相似性; 由此推导出的氨基酸序列有94.1%相似性. 其中, hCycT1 和 tsCycT1 氨基端的1～272个氨基酸的相似性高达98.8%, 氨基酸第261位点为半胱氨酸. 这些结果提示, tsCycT1 会和 HIV-1 的 Tat 结合, 形成高亲和的、锌依赖的复合物, 支持 HIV-1转录。

坎布拉国家森林公园的蝶类及其区系分析

报道了坎布拉国家森林公园的蝶类8科40属58属,其中凤蝶科1种,绢蝶科2种,粉蝶科13种,眼蝶科11种,蛱蝶科16种,蚬蝶科1种,灰蝶科12种,弄蝶科2种。古北区成分占绝对优势,青藏特有种居多。

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE HABITATS OF PRESBYTIS-FRANCOISI AND PRESBYTIS-LEUCOCEPHALUS, WITH NOTES ON THE ACTIVITY PATTERN OF PRESBYTIS-LEUCOCEPHALUS

In this paper the habitat structure and ecology of Presbytis francoisi and Presbytis leucocephalus are compared. Observations were made of the two langur species in areas of southwest Guangxi province in which the langurs occur but are not sympatric. The results showed that the habitat of P. leucocephalus differs from that of P. francoisi and that the habitat in western areas was different from that in eastern areas in terms of vegetation and other criteria. P. francoisi was limited in its distribution to localities at higher altitudes, in contrast to P. leucocephalus. This may be due to human activities such as crop cultivation and logging. With respect to its activity pattern, P. leucocephalus spent 51.8% of its day in the trees and 48.2% on the rocky substrate. The results of this study suggest that Presbytis may best be regarded as a semiarboreal form.

RESERPINE IMPAIRS SPATIAL WORKING-MEMORY PERFORMANCE IN MONKEYS - REVERSAL BY THE ALPHA-2-ADRENERGIC AGONIST CLONIDINE

Repeated daily treatment with the catecholamine-depleting agent, reserpine, dramatically reduced performance on the delayed response task, a test of spatial working memory that depends upon the integrity of the prefrontal cortex. Delayed response performance fell from an average of 27.2/30 trials correct before reserpine treatment to an average of 20.4/30 trials correct after repeated reserpine administration. Injection of the alpha2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine (0.0001-0.05 mg/kg), to chronic reserpine-treated monkeys significantly restored performance on the delayed response task; performance after an optimal dose averaged 27.8/30 trials correct. Clonidine's beneficial effects on delayed response performance were longlasting; monkeys remained improved for more than 24 h after a single clonidine injection. The finding that clonidine is efficacious in reserpinized animals supports the hypothesis that alpha2-adrenergic agonists improve cognitive function through actions at postsynaptic, alpha2-adrenergic receptors on non-adrenergic cells. In contrast to the delayed response task, reserpine had little effect on performance of a visual discrimination task, a reference memory task which does not depend on the prefrontal cortex. These results emphasize the importance of postsynaptic alpha2-adrenergic mechanisms in the regulation of working memory,