47 resultados para Lizardi, Julian de-1697-1735


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陆地上 80 %的生态系统都已受到了来自人类和自然的各种干扰 ,森林生态系统也不例外 .在各种干扰作用下 ,尤其是人类不合理的干扰导致世界范围内的森林退化 /衰退已成为一个十分严峻的事实 ,因此 ,以维持、恢复森林生态系统固有的多种功能为基础 ,实现高效、稳定、可持续就成为经营森林生态系统的总目标 .随着干扰的加剧 ,近年来生态学界更加关注的是“受干扰”生态系统的研究 .干扰对森林生态系统主要生态过程的影响以及森林生态系统对干扰的响应等问题 ,已成为森林生态研究领域的国际前沿与热点 .因此 ,系统地研究干扰条件下森林生态系统的生态过程 ,并在此基础上确立干扰森林的经营理论与技术 ,对中国天然林资源保护等林业工程实施及国家生态安全建设具有重要的科学和现实意义 .本文在广泛收集国内外有关森林干扰研究结果的基础上 ,总结了森林干扰的基本概念 ,分析了干扰与森林经营的关系 ,探讨了森林干扰研究领域所涉及的内容和关注的基础问题 ,提出了森林干扰生态研究的主要内容与方向 ,对今后干扰森林生态研究和中国天然林保护等林业工程建设具有参考价值 .

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应用电喷雾多级串联质谱技术对传统中药甘遂根中的弱极性部分化学成分进行了分析鉴定,根据串联质谱数据,共鉴定出39个化合物.其中包括9个新化合物:分别为3-O-(2,3-二甲基丁酰基)-13,20-O-双十二烷酰基巨大戟萜醇(1)、3-O-(2,3-二甲基丁酰基)-13-O-癸酰基-20-O-十六烷酰基巨大戟萜醇(2)、3-O-(2,3-二甲基丁酰基)-13-O-十二烷酰基-20-O-[(9Z,12Z)-十八烷-9,12-二烯酰基]巨大戟萜醇(3)、3-O-(2,3-二甲基丁酰基)-13-O-十二烷酰基-20-O-(十八烷-9Z-烯酰基)巨大戟萜醇(4)、甘遂素I(5)、甘遂素J(6)、甘遂素K(7)、甘遂素L(8)和甘遂素M(9).

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is difficult for the characterization of noncovalent complexes hitherto because of the limitations in acidic matrix, sample preparation, laser-induced polymerization and adduct formation with matrix. Under our experimental conditions, sinapinic acid is used as a matrix, the specific noncovalent interactions of protein with fullerenols were observed by MALDI mass spectrometry. Some mass spectrometric features, such as mass shifts, broad adduct peaks and stoichiometries, showed that the specific non-covalent complexes between protein and fullerenols have been formed at a ratio of 1 : 4 for hemoglobin-fullerenols or 1 : 1 for myoglobin-fullerenols. The results implied that fullereneols could be used to protect partly hemoglobin from decomposition in acidic media, and therefore, it is possible to realize the molecular weight determination of a quaternary protein by MALDI mass spectrometry via the addition of specific organic compound in the matrix.

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基质辅助激光解吸电离(MALDI)质谱由于受到酸性基质、样品制备、激光诱导聚合和基质加合物的形成等条件的限制而难以用于非共价复合物的检测.本文以芥子酸为基质,观察到蛋白质与富勒醇的特殊相互作用,一些质谱特征,如质量数迁移、宽的加合峰和定量结合比表明,在蛋白质和富勒醇之间形成了特殊的非共价复合物.其中,血红蛋白与富勒醇的结合比是1∶4,而肌红蛋白与富勒醇的结合比是1∶1.实验结果表明:富勒醇可用来保护血红蛋白,有在酸性介质中防止其分解的作用.因此,通过在基质组份中添加特性有机化合物保护被测样品,有可能实现用MALDI质谱测定四级结构蛋白质的分子量

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Monotopic membrane proteins are membrane proteins that interact with only one leaflet of the lipid bilayer and do not possess transmembrane spanning segments. They are endowed with important physiological functions but until now only few of them have been studied. Here we present a detailed biochemical, enzymatic and crystallographic characterization of the monotopic membrane protein sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase. Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase is a ubiquitous enzyme involved in sulfide detoxification, in sulfide-dependent respiration and photosynthesis, and in heavy metal tolerance. It may also play a crucial role in mammals, including humans, because sulfide acts as a neurotransmitter in these organisms. We isolated and purified sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase from the native membranes of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus. We studied the pure and solubilized enzyme by denaturing and non-denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis, size-exclusion chromatography, cross-linking, analytical ultracentrifugation, visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. Additionally, we report the characterization of its enzymatic activity before and after crystallization. Finally, we discuss the crystallization of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase in respect to its membrane topology and we propose a classification of monotopic membrane protein crystal lattices. Our data support and complement an earlier description of the three-dimensional structure of A. aeolicus sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (M. Marcia, U. Ermler, G. Peng, H. Michel, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106 (2009) 9625-9630) and may serve as a reference for further studies on monotopic membrane proteins. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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小麦条锈病是小麦生产的主要病害之一。在中国,尤其是西北麦区,小麦条锈病是小麦生产面临的最严重问题。筛选和培育抗锈基因是防治小麦条锈病最为经济、安全、有效的方法。综述了分子标记辅助育种技术在小麦抗条锈病育种上的研究概况和发展运用。

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通常,在一台带有托板输送系统的柔性制造设备(如柔性制造单元)上一次在托板上只装夹一个零件进行加工。“虚工件”法是指在一个托板上装多个相同或不同的零件,将它们视为一个零件投入设备中,用对各零件的NC 程序进行相关处理后得到的 NC 新程序进行加工。应用这种方法可以提高生产率,提高柔性并有利于均衡生产。分析了应用“虚工件”法的一些限制条件及其技术实施中的苦干技术关键.

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本文针对一类无封闭解的机器人运动学逆问题构造了一个一维非线性方程。从而将机器人运动学逆问题对6个关节变量的数值迭代求解转化为一维非线性方程求根的问题。从而提高了计算速度。经对JRS—80点焊机器人的应用,证明了该方法的可靠性与实用性。

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本文探讨Model 1027 连续测氡仪测量室内氡浓度的方法。用两台仪器对一房间内氡浓度在不同情况下进行近一个月的测量后,得出以下结论:仪器操作简便,测量结果稳定;仪器处于DISABLE(数字显示关闭) 状态所测氡浓度高于ENABLE(数字显示开启) 状态测量氡浓度;测量结果表达方式有两类,即氡浓度总平均值和美国环保局推荐平均值,多点比较测量应采用同一类氡浓度;仪器连续测量时间不得少于24h ,最好为48h 或更长;本次所测房间氡浓度平均值为9215 Bq/ m3 ,符合国家标准。