新型多道高精度的时间一电压转换电路系统的设计

现在的粒子物理和核物理实验中,大规模探测器得到广泛应用,对后继的电子学系统主要要求能量分辨率好,时间响应快,屏蔽特性好,性能稳定,易于控制,高集成度,高密度等。为了满足这些要求,我们采用经过改进的经典的模拟电路与数字控制电路相结合的方式,将重点讨论系统的控制系统的设计与实现。

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE STELLAR REACTION S-30(p, gamma)(31) Cl VIA COULOMB DISSOCIATION

The Coulomb dissociation of the proton-rich nuclei Cl-31 was studied experimentally using Cl-31 beams at 58 MeV/nucleon with a lead target. The relative energy between the reaction products, S-30 and proton, was obtained. The first excited state in Cl-31 was observed which is relevant to the resonant capture of stellar S-30(p, gamma)Cl-31 reaction

含油废水处理工艺中细菌多样性

从辽河油田曙光污水处理厂含油废水样品中直接抽提细菌总DNA,并对总DNA中16SrRNAV3可变区序列作PCR扩增、变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE),与常规水质分析相结合对系统中不同处理阶段细菌种群多样性和水质之间的关系进行分析。结果表明,处理系统的不同处理阶段细菌的多样性有明显差异,既存在共同的细菌种属,也存在着各自独特的细菌种属,且细菌种群的多样性与水质CODcr和总石油烃(TPH)的浓度呈负相关,细菌种群的多样性越高,CODcr和TPH的浓度越低,反之则越高。在处理过程中,随着样品中细菌多样性的增加,种群结构之间的相似性指数(Cs)逐渐升高,最后形成了稳定的种群结构。

图书馆统计·读者心理·潜在信息

<正> 图书馆统计、读者心理、潜在信息,看起来似乎是三个孤立的研究问题,可是在图书馆工作中,若能透过现象看本质,会发现它们常有机地联系在一起,而从中找出一些规律性的东西,将能使我们专业图书馆的工作引向深入。近来,通过工作实践,我在中科院沈阳应用生态所图书馆的图书流通部门做了一些粗略的统计:这个馆库存图书主要有中、日、俄、英4个文种。中文:52856册,西文:19314册:

Determination of ultra-trace concentrations of elements in high purity tellurium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after Fe(OH)(3) coprecipitation

In this work, a method was established for the determination of impurities in high purity tellurium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after Fe(OH)(3) coprecipitation. After comparison of coprecipitation ability and separation efficiency between Fe(OH), and Al(OH)(3), Fe(OH)(3) was chosen as the precipitate. A separation factor of 160 for 200 mg tellurium was obtained under conditions of pH 9 and 2 mg of Fe3(+). The 13 elements, such as Bi, Sn, Pb, In, Tl, Cd, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Ti, Be and Zr, could be almost completely coprecipitated under these conditions. In addition, Te memory effect imposed on the ICP-MS instrument was assessed, as well as Te matrix effect that caused the low recovery of Ga, As, Sb and V in real sample was discussed. Finally, the method was evaluated through recovery test and was applied to practical sample analysis, with detection limits of most of the elements being below 0.15 mug g(-1) and R.S.D. below or at approximately 10%, which indicated that this method could fully satisfy the requirements for analysis of 99.999% similar to 99.9999% high purity Te.

结构相角的通用代数式

在结构因子相角问题的概率法研究中,遇到的一个重要问题就是空间群依赖性问题。对此,我们已在“∑关系的线性理论”一文中给出了基本的解决办法。与此相类似,在用代数法处理相角问题时也存在着同样的问题。就是迄今为止所提出的所有单相角代数算式都是针对

Origin and Pathway of Equatorial 13 degrees C Water in the Pacific Identified by a Simulated Passive Tracer and Its Adjoint

The origin and pathway of the thermostad water in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, often referred to as the equatorial 13 degrees C Water, are investigated using a simulated passive tracer and its adjoint, based on circulation estimates of a global general circulation model. Results demonstrate that the source region of the 13 degrees C Water lies well outside the tropics. In the South Pacific, some 13 degrees C Water is formed northeast of New Zealand, confirming an earlier hypothesis on the water's origin. The South Pacific origin of the 13 degrees C Water is also related to the formation of the Eastern Subtropical Mode Water (ESTMW) and the Sub-Antarctic Mode Water (SAMW). The portion of the ESTMW and SAMW that eventually enters the density range of the 13 degrees C Water (25.8 < sigma(theta) < 26.6 kg m(-3)) does so largely by mixing. Water formed in the subtropics enters the equatorial region predominantly through the western boundary, while its interior transport is relatively small. The fresher North Pacific ESTMW and Central Mode Water (CMW) are also important sources of the 13 degrees C Water. The ratio of the southern versus the northern origins of the water mass is about 2 to 1 and tends to increase with time elapsed from its origin. Of the total volume of initially tracer-tagged water in the eastern equatorial Pacific, approximately 47.5% originates from depths above sigma(theta) = 25.8 kg m(-3) and 34.6% from depths below sigma(theta) = 26.6 kg m(-3), indicative of a dramatic impact of mixing on the route of subtropical water to becoming the 13 degrees C Water. Still only a small portion of the water formed in the subtropics reaches the equatorial region, because most of the water is trapped and recirculates in the subtropical gyre.

一次降水过程对青藏高原高寒草甸CO_2通量和热量输送的影响

青藏高原高寒草甸的热量输送和碳收支对气候变化的响应十分敏感，降水过程对其影响较为复杂。利用三维超声风速仪和红外CO_2／H_2O分析仪，以及常规微气象要素的涡度相关观测系统，分析了2002年8月8—17日的一次降水过程对青藏高原高寒草甸CO_2通量和热量输送的影响。结果表明：降水过程使气温、地温和辐射等有所降低，大气湿度和CO_2通量有所升高；气温、地温、总辐射、地表反射辐射、光合有效辐射（PAR）、净辐射、土壤热通量、潜热通量和显热通量分别下降了23．3％、23．1％、61．9％、58．9％、61．7％、57．9％、268．3％、61．6％和71．0％，大气湿度和CO_2通量分别升高了27．0％和38．6％；降水削弱了PAR对白天净生态系统CO_2交换量（NEE）的影响，而增加了地温对夜间呼吸的控制；降水强度对白天NEE几乎没有影响，但能降低夜间呼吸。

工业机器人机械手的小脑模型自适应控制

本文为动力学控制工业机器人机械手提出一种综合控制算法。该控制算法,利用小脑模型算术计算机模块模拟机器人机械手的动力学方程并计算实现期望运动所需力矩作为前馈力矩控制项;利用自适应控制器实现反馈控制,以消除由输入扰动和参数变化而引起的机器人机械手运动误差。这种控制方法在时间上是有效的,且很适合于定点实现。控制方法的有效性通过四自由度的直接驱动机器人前两个关节的计算机仿真实验得到验证。

胶东地区金矿床成矿时代及其成矿地球动力学背景-兼论壳幔相互作用与成岩成矿

Jiaodong Peninsula is the largest repository of gold in China. Varieties of studies have been involved in the mechanism of metallogenesis. This thesis is a part of the project "Study of basic geology related to the prespecting of the supra-large deposits" which supported by National Climbing Program of China to Prof. Zhou. One of the key scientific problems is to study the age and metallogenic dynamics of ore deposit and to understand how interaction between mantle and crust constrains on metallogenesis and lithogenesis. As Jiaodong Peninsula to be study area, the Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and Pb isotopic systematics of pyrite and altered rocks are measured to define the age and origin of gold. The elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of dikes and granites was studied to implicate the source and lithogenesis of the dike and granite and removal of lithosphere and the interaction between mantle and crust in the Jiaodong Peninsula. Considering the tectonic of Jiaodong Peninsula, basic on the time and space, this thesis gives a metallogenic dynamics of gold mineralization and discusses the constraints of the interaction between mantle and crust on the metallogenesis and lithogenesis. This thesis reports the first direct Rb-Sr dating of pyrites and ores using sub-sampling from lode gold deposit in Linglong, Jiaodong Peninsula and the results demonstrate this as a useful geochronological technique for gold mineralization with poor age constraint. The Rb-Sr data of pyrites yields an isochron age of (121.6-122.7) Ma, whereas, those of ore and ore-pyrite spread in two ranges from 120.0 to 121.8 Ma and 110.0-111.7 Ma. Studies of characteristic of gold deposit, microscopy of pyrite and quartz indicate that the apparent ages of ore and ore-pyrite are not isochron ages, it was only mixed by two end members, i.e., the primitive hydrothermal fluids and wall rocks. However, the isochron age of pyrite samples constrains the age of gold mineralization, i.e., early Cretaceous, which is in good consistence with the published U-Pb ages of zircon by using the SHRIMP technique. The whole rock Rb-Sr isochron age of altered rocks indicates that the age of gold mineralizing in the Xincheng gold deposit is 116.6 ± 5.3 Ma. The Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of pyrite and altered rocks indicate that the gold and relevant elements were derived from multi-sources, i.e. dikes derived from enriched lithospheric mantle and granites, granodiorites and metamorphic rocks outcropped on the crust. It also shows that the hydrothermal fluids derived from mantle magma degassing had play an important role in the gold mineralizing. The major and trace elements, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of granites and granodiorites suggest that the Linglong Granite and Kunyushan Granite were derived from partial melting of basement rocks in the Jiaodong Peninsula at post-collision of North China Craton with South China Craton. Guojialing Granodiorite was considered to be derived from a mixture source, that is, mixed by magmas derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle and crust during the delamination of lithosphere induced by the subduction of Izanagi Plate and the movement of Tancheng-Lujiang Fault. There are kinds of dikes occurred in the Jiaodong Peninsula, which are accompanying with gold mineralization in time and space. The dikes include gabrro, diabase, pyroxene diorite, gabrrophyre, granite-porphyry, and aplite. The whole rock K-Ar ages give two age intervals: 120-124 Ma for the dikes that erupted at the gold mineralizing stage, and <120 Ma of the dikes that intruded after gold mineralizing. According to the age and the relationship between the dikes and gold mineralizing, the dikes could be divided into two groups: Group I (t = 120-124 Ma) and Group II (t < 120Ma). Group I dikes show the high Mg and K, low Ti contents, negative Nb anomalies and positive Eu anomalies, high ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr and negative εNd(t) values and an enrichment in light rare earth elements, large ion lithosphile elements and a depletion in high field strength elements. Thus the elemental and isotopic characteristics of the Group I dikes indicate that they were derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle perhaps formed by metasomatism of the melt derived from the recycled crustal materials during the deep subduction of continent. In contrast, the Group II dikes have high Ti, Mg and K contents, no negative Nb anomalies, high ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr and positive or little negative εNd(t) values, which indicate the derivation from a source like OIB-source. The geochemical features also give the tectonic constraints of dikes, which show that Group I dikes were formed at continental arc setting, whereas Group II dikes were formed within plate background. Considering the tectonic setting of Jiaodong Peninsula during the period of gold mineralizing, the metallogenic dynamics was related to the subduction of Izanagi Plate, movement of Tancheng-Lujiang Fault and removal of lithopheric mantle during Late Mesozoic Era.

地表环境氮循环过程中微生物作用及同位素分馏研究综述

综述了氮循环过程中的微生物作用及这方面的研究进展，阐述了生物固氮、微生物吸收同化、有机氮素矿化、硝化和反硝化的反应机理及反应过程中的同位素分馏，提出了微生物驱动氮循环的简要模型。通过微生物驱动的氮循环在不同过程有不同的同位素分馏特征的讨论，说明了利用氮同位素示踪微生物过程的可能性。