CO_2对微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis sp.)利用有机碳和光合作用的影响

CO2浓度提高时,微拟球藻吸收醋酸钠的速率增加2倍。混养生长的藻细胞最大光合作用速率、光合作用效率、无机碳半饱和常数和无机碳饱和的光合作用速率均显著低于光自养条件下生长的。

五株纤毛虫遗传关系的ISSR分析

采用ISSR分子标记技术,尝试对四种五株纤毛虫(褶累枝虫(Epistylis plicatilis)、绿草履虫(Paramecium bursaria)、多态喇叭虫(Stentor polymorphus)、嗜热四膜虫BF1株(Tetrahymena thermophilaBF1)和嗜热四膜虫BF5株(T.ther-mophilaBF5))进行遗传关系研究。用13个ISSR引物对五株纤毛虫进行扩增,六个ISSR引物获得多态片段。根据Nei s遗传距离矩阵构建了五株纤毛虫的遗传关系树状图。UPGMA,NJ聚

Molecular characterization and expression pattern of fetuin-B in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

Fetuin-B has recently been cloned and identified from rats, mice, and humans; their expression patterns, however, have not been elucidated yet. In this study, Cagfetuin-B has been cloned in gibel carp. RT-PCR and Western blot detection revealed that Cagfetuin-B is first transcribed from the blastula stage and at a relatively stable level afterward during embryogenesis and the larval stage. Cagfetuin-B transcripts are predominantly distributed over the yolk syncytial layer in the early embryos and later restricted to the cells of liver and brain in newly hatched larvae. Moreover, a dynamic distribution of Cagfetuin-B protein was observed in brain, kidney, liver, and skin during morphogenesis. In adult fish, Cagfetuin-B transcripts are restricted in liver and ovary. Our work, for the first time, revealed the extra-hepatic transcription and a dynamic distribution of fetuin-B during embryogenesis and in adults, which indicates the potential roles of fetuin-B in fish organogenesis.

Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the endangered Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)

The finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) is one of the smallest cetacean species widely distributed in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific Oceans. The population size of the Yangtze subspecies (N. p. asiaeorientalis) has sharply decreased in the last two decades and access to objective data on its population structure and genetic diversity would be of great assistance for their proper management. Here we report on the isolation of nine polymorphic microsatellite using the "Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing repeats" (FIASCO) protocol. Polymorphism was assessed using 30 porpoise individuals randomly sampled in the Yangtze River. The number of alleles per locus varies from 2 to 9, with an average value of 5.56, whereas the ranges of observed and expected heterozygosi ties were 0.300-0.633 (mean 0.496) and 0.473-0.804 (mean 0.659), respectively.

Isolation and characterization of 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers in Chinese mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

Eighteen microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized using an enrichment protocol in the Chinese mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky), a commercially important piscivorous fish in China. Out of 48 pairs of primers designed, 18 loci exhibited polymorphism with three to six alleles (mean 4.4 alleles/locus) and average observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.633 to 0.833 (mean 0.748) in a test population from Dongting Lake of China. Except for two loci, all other 16 loci were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These markers would be useful for such studies as population genetics, ecology and selective breeding of the Chinese mandarin fish in future.

Survival, growth, sex ratio, and maturity of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) reared in a Chinese pond

Aspects of the biology of pond-cultured Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards) were studied from June to November 1993. The survival rate of the population was estimated at 18.6%, and there was no significant difference between sexes in growth (t-test, P > 0.05). As the crabs grew from 7.3 to 33.8 mm in mean carapace length, seven molts were observed for the population. The intermolt period ranged from seven to 22 days and lengthened with increased size. Sex ratio at each sampling time did not differ significantly from 1:1 (Chi-square test, P > 0.05). Female crabs presumably required about eleven postlarval molts to reach sexually mature size, which was 34.1 +/- 3.9 (SD) mm. in carapace length in this study.

Fiber Bragg grating hydrophone with high sensitivity

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) hydrophone with high sensitivity was demonstrated. This hydrophone used a rubber diaphragm and a copper hard core as the sensing element. To compensate the hydrostatic pressure, a capillary tube was fixed at the end of the hydrophone. Theoretical analysis of the acoustic pressure sensitivity was given in this letter. Experiments were carried out to test the frequency response of the hydrophone. The result shows that when the Young's modulus of the diaphragm is higher, a flatter frequency response will be obtained.

Polarization dependence of absorption in strongly vertically coupled InAs/GaAs quantum dots for two-color far-infrared photodetector

Strongly vertically coupled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) with modulation doping are investigated, and polarization dependence of two-color absorptions was observed. Analysis of photoluminescence (PL) and absorption spectra shows that s-polarized absorptions at. 10.0 and 13.4 mu m, stem from the first excited state E-1 and the second excited state E-2 in the QDs to the bound state E-InGaAs in the InGaAs spacer, respectively, whereas p-polarized absorptions at 10.0 and 8.2 mu m stem from the first excited state E-1 and the ground E-g in the QDs to the bound state E-InGaAs in the InGaAs spacer, respectively. These measurements illustrate that transitions from excited states are more sensitive to normal incidence, which are very important in designing QD infrared detector. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of counterpart on the tribological behavior and tribo-induced phase transformation of Si

The tribological behaviors and phase transformation of single crystal silicon against Si3N4, Ruby and steel were investigated in this study. It was found that the strong chemical action between silicon and Fe was the key factor to the tribological behavior of silicon as slid against steel. SEM and Raman spectroscopy indicated that phase transformation of single crystal silicon occurred during the running-in period at low sliding velocity as slid against Si3N4 and Ruby. and gave birth to single or a mixture phase of Si-III, Si-XII and amorphous silicon. The high hardness of counterpart and the absence of chemical action between silicon and counterpart facilitated the phase transformation of single crystal silicon. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of spatially ordered growth of quantum dots on patterned substrate

We report the growth of well-ordered InAs QD chains by molecular beam epitaxy system. In order to analyze and extend the results of our experiment, a detailed kinetic Monte Carlo simulation is developed to investigate the effects of different growth conditions to the selective growth of InAs quantum dots (QDs). We find that growth temperature plays a more important role than growth rate in the spatial ordering of the QDs. We also investigate the effect of periodic stress on the shape of QDs in simulation. The simulation results are in good qualitative agreement with our experiment. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

笔式几何学习系统的设计与实现

基于现有的几何学习软件存在着交互方式不自然，不智能的缺点，设计并实现了一个笔式几何学习系统，用以模拟初中几何教学过程中，教师出题，学生答题的情境。笔式几何学习系统运用约束求解技术动态展示几何属性，运用草图识别技术将草图识别为几何图形，通过笔手势帮助用户更加方便地操作使用软件。评估表明，用户以笔交互的方式进行书写，绘图和操作，体现了和谐自然的人机交互模式．

基于混合自动机的Post-WIMP界面的建模

Post- WIMP界面作为继当前的主流界面范式—— WIMP界面后的下一代界面范式 ,它和 WIMP界面有着很大的不同 ,通过使用虚拟现实、语音交互、手势交互等技术 ,它能够提供更加自然高效的交互方式 .然而 ,它却难以构造 .为了有效地构造 Post- WIMP界面 ,在构造之前不考虑实现细节 ,而在一个抽象的层次上描述它是一个较好的方法 .首先 ,分析了 Post- WIMP界面的交互本质 ,交互混合性是 Post- WIMP界面一个最为重要的特点 .从形式化系统的角度分析 Post- WIMP界面 ,通过将 Post- WIMP界面抽象为混合系统能够更为准确和严格地分析Post- WIMP界面的特性 .混合自动机是用于描述混合系统的形式化工具 ,将 Post- WIMP界面建模为一组相互协作的混合自动机 .设计了一基于混合自动机理论的半形式化语言 L EAFF作为 Post- WIMP界面的描述工具 .LEAFF通过结合文本描述和图形描述描述 Post- WIMP界面中的交互行为 ,能够准确地反映交互中的控制关系、时序关系 .给出了对两个典型 Post- WIMP界面——虚拟现实交互和笔式交互的描述实例 ,同时讨论了 Post- WIMP界面中交互并行性的描述、交互实时性的验证和从描述到实际交互系统构造的转换 .