180 resultados para 313-M0028A
Resumo:
基于长期观测资料,众多大气环流模型预测在二十一世纪末大气中二氧化碳浓度将达到700μmolmol'I,地球表面年平均温度也将升高1.5-4.OoC。水稻是亚洲的主要粮食作物,为世界近三分之一的人口提供食物能源。这项工作的目的,是利用人工模拟环境,预测在未来全球气候变化,二氧化碳及温度升高的条件下,水稻的光合生理反应及随之而来的对其产量的影响。本研究是美国环境署( EPA)与国际水稻研究所(IRRI)合作研究项目“Effects of UV-B and Global Climate Change on Rice”的一部分. 在这项研究中,采用了特殊设计并直接建立在水稻田间的开顶式气室(open-top chambers)。在此之前还没有这样大规模的在水稻主产区的此类模拟研究,水稻在气室中渡过了从萌发到收获的整个生长过程。模拟环境条件有三个浓度的二氧化碳(包括现有大气浓度,在此基础上升高200及300 μmolmol-l)和两个温度(即:现有大气温度及升高4度)共六个处理。供试水稻品种四个:IR72,IR65598-112-2,IR65600-42-5-2-BSI-313和N22。在实验中我们发现,水稻品种(如:1R72)单叶光合速率(以二氧化碳气体交换速率计)受二氧化碳浓度促进,在水稻营养生长期,二氧化碳及温度对其光合有协同促进作用.然而,随着花期的到来,在高温条件下,叶片光合能力(photosynthetic capacity)下降,出现光合适应现象(Photosynthetic acclirnation).水稻群体光合作用同样受到二氧化碳浓度促进,但在后期(Grain fill stage)这种促进作用消失;在高浓度二氧化碳下生长的大多数水稻品种的叶片中有较多的碳水化和物(可溶性糖和淀粉)积累.耐高温品种N22叶片中淀粉积累较少:叶片中氮素含量降低,同时发现Rubisco总活性相应降低,这与NCi曲线所示光合效率降低相吻合;通过叶片叶绿素荧光动力学测定,没有发现光系统光能转化效率的变化;水稻籽粒产量随二氧化碳浓度升高而增加,但温度升高使产量降低12.8-36.8%;不同品种对二氧化碳浓度的反应没有显著差别;在高温条件下,耐高温品生长在高二氧化碳浓度下表现良好。 本文系统地研究了水稻光合作用在二氧化碳及温度条件影响下,对二氧化碳浓度及光强变化的反应曲线,初次对水稻单叶与群体光合对二氧化碳浓度变化的反应做了实验性对比;讨论了温度升高对水稻在高浓度二氧化碳下发生光合适应的影响,对光合适应现象的可能机制做了探讨,并提出对未来大气二氧化碳浓度及温度升高条件下水稻适应品种筛选的可能方向。
Resumo:
本文用14 种识别6 碱基的限制性内切酶Apa Ⅰ、BamH Ⅰ、Bgl Ⅰ、Bgl Ⅱ、Dra Ⅰ、 EcoR Ⅰ、EcoR Ⅴ、Kpn Ⅰ、Pvu Ⅱ、Pst Ⅰ、Sac Ⅰ、Sal Ⅰ、Sma Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ研究了来自我国12 个省 和自治区共计18 个地方山羊品种218 个个体mtDNA 的RFL P ,并运用Nei 氏公式计算了各限制 性类型间的遗传距离P 和群体遗传多态度π值。结果表明,在研究的所有个体中共检测到41 个 酶切位点,18 种限制性态型,其中BamH Ⅰ、Bgl Ⅱ、Dra Ⅰ、EcoR Ⅰ和Sal Ⅰ共5 种酶表现出多态。 18 种限制性态型可归结为6 种基因单倍型,单倍型Ⅰ(BamH Ⅰ2B、Bgl Ⅱ2A、Dra Ⅰ2A、EcoR Ⅰ2A 和Sal Ⅰ2A) 和单倍型Ⅱ(BamH Ⅰ2B、Bgl Ⅱ2A、Dra Ⅰ2A、EcoR Ⅰ2A 和Sal Ⅰ2B) 为两种基本单倍 型,研究结果提示我国地方山羊品种起源于两种不同的母系祖先。各限制性类型间的平均遗传距 离为0100436 ,整个群体的平均遗传多态度π值为010487 % ,表明我国地方山羊品种mtDNA 遗传 多样性比较贫乏,分化程度较低。
Resumo:
Six sample specimens of Trachypithecus francoisi and 3 of T. leucocephalus were analyzed by use of allozyme electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) in order to clarify the challenged taxonomic status of the white-head langur. Among the 44 loci surveyed, only 1 locus (PGM-2) was found to be polymorphic. Nei's genetic distance was 0.0025. In total, thirty 10-mer arbitrary primers were used for RAPD analysis, of which 22 generated clear bands. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on genetic distances using neighbor-joining and UPGMA methods. The results show that T. francoisi and T: leucocephalus are not monophyletic. T. francoisi from Guangxi, China and Vietnam could not be clearly distinguished, and they are not divided into 2 clusters. A t-test was performed to evaluate between genetic distances within and between T. leucocephalus and T. francoisi taxa groups. The statistical test shows that the taxa group within T: leucocephalus and T: francoisi does not significantly differ from that between T: leucocephalus and T: francoisi at the 5% level. Our results suggest that the level of genetic differentiation between T, leucocephalus and T. francoisi is relatively low. Recent gene flow might exist between T. francoisi and T. leucocephalus. Combining morphological features, geographical distribution, allozyme data, RAPD data, and mtDNA sequences, we suggest that the white-head langur might be a subspecies of T. francoisi.
Resumo:
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable segment I sequences (HVSI, 471 bp) of the control region and partial cytochrome b sequences (Cytb, 403 bp) were analyzed in three tentative species of the genus Mystacoleucus in China (M. chilopterus, M. marginatus, and M. lepturus). Not more than two mutations were found in both the HVSI and Cytb fragments among the samples from M. chilopterus and M. marginatus. However, M. lepturus differed from each of them by at least 25 mutations in Cytb and 51 mutations in HVSI. Moreover, the HVSI sequence variation within M. lepturus was larger than that between M. chilopterus and M. marginatus. Given that M. chilopterus and M. marginatus are very similar in morphology, it is reasonable to consider M. chilopterus and M. marginatus as conspecific. Our results also suggest a recent radiation of M. marginatus from downstream to upstream of the Lancangjiang (Mekong) River.
Resumo:
Nine base-quartets were calculated by six semi-empirical methods and ab initio Hartree-Fork method using STO-3G basis set. The results showed that PM3 method can be use to calculate base quartets, the results of PM3 calculations are close to the ab initio
Resumo:
对9种四碱基体进行了6种半经验方法和HF/sT0—3G的计算,结果表明PM3方法对四 碱基体体系的计算比较适宜,其结果与从头算结果接近,而且大大缩短了计算时问。计算 还说明,四碱基体极有可能是通过碱基对形成.由稳定能的顺序看,除已报道的3种四碱 基体G4、G·c·G·c和u4外,一种新的G·c·G·c四碱基体也有稳定存在的可能。
Resumo:
提出了一种部分力偏倚蒙特卡罗模拟方法, 其中力偏倚仅用于体系中每个分子质心的平动而不用于分子的转动。此方法的总体效益较之先前几种方案为佳, 同时报道了该方法在自由能微扰计算中的具体应用。图2表2参10
Resumo:
用ACA血清作荧光观察, 隐沟虫细胞动粒蛋白表明, 隐沟虫的这些蛋白虽结合在核骨架上, 但在间期时并不形成点状的前着丝粒。免疫印迹检查表明隐沟虫和尖尾虫的着丝粒蛋白B彼此一致, 而且与四膜虫和眼虫也高度一致。但用ACA血清作免疫印迹检查时, 尖尾虫的蛋白虽与四膜虫和眼虫的相近, 与隐沟虫的却有极大的差异。以抗动粒蛋白的单抗作此种检查时, 尖尾虫与眼虫的反应带相同, 而隐沟虫则与源真核生物(Archezoa)贾第虫(Giardia lamblia)的相同; 而且隐沟虫和贾第虫都与几种原细菌有两条相同的反应带。
Resumo:
通过对大肠杆菌RNA聚合酶识别的44个启动子及其起始位点进行统计分析,估计了PRIBOW的系列范围,计算出它们的信息量。所得结果与真核生物中HUMAN的TATA框进行比较,得到了这两个物种的信息量曲线与不确定值曲线都具有显著差异,尤其在PRIBOW和TATA框与起始位点的对应关系上得到明显不同的结果。PRIBOW与起始位点有比较明显的关系,而HUMAN的TATA框与起始位点的对应关系则不太明确。