Nanoelectrocatalyst based on high-density Au/Pt hybrid nanoparticles supported on a silica nanosphere

A high-efficiency nanoelectrocatalyst based on high-density Au/Pt hybrid nanoparticles supported on a silica nanosphere (Au-Pt/SiO2) has been prepared by a facile wet chemical method. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to characterize the obtained Au-Pt/SiO2. It was found that each hybrid nanosphere is composed of high-density small Au/Pt hybrid nanoparticles with rough surfaces. These small Au/Pt hybrid nanoparticles interconnect and form a porous nanostructure, which provides highly accessible activity sites, as required for high electrocatalytic activity. We suggest that the particular morphology of the AuPt/SiO2 may be the reason for the high catalytic activity. Thus, this hybrid nanomaterial may find a potential application in fuel cells.

Voltammetric behavior of tetracine on glassy garbon electrode and its application

The anodic voltammetric behavior of anaesthetic tetracine and its application were studied. In 0.1 mol/L HClO4 solution, the potential of anodic peak for tetracine is 1.04 V(vs. Ag/AgCl) at a glassy carbon electrode. A linear relationship between the peak height and the concentration of tetracine in the range of 5 x 10(-4) similar to 1 x 10(-1) g/L was obtained. The peak current decreases with the decreasing acidity of the solution. the mehtod has been used for the direct determination of tetracine in injections. The average recoveries of tetracine in urine samples were 98.5%. The mechanism of the electrode reaction was also discussed.

丁卡因在玻碳电极上的伏安行为及测定

对丁卡因在玻碳电极上的伏安行为进行了研究,发现在0.1mol/L高氯酸溶液中,于1.04V(vs.Ag/AgCl)左右产生一个与丁卡因呈良好线性关系的阳极氧化伏安峰,大多数金属离子和20多种有机生化物质不干扰测定.方法用于注射针剂和加标尿样中丁卡因的测定,结果满意,对电极反应也进行了初步探讨.

地球流体力学若干基础问题的研究

地球流体动力学是研究发生在大气、海洋和地球内部以及其它星球上从微观尺度到天气尺度的运动和物理现象。水是地球流体动力学的主要研究对象之一，研究水的微观统计性质和水波方程的一些力学性质，对我们进一步研究海洋运动及其物理性质有着重要意义。本文主要开展了一列三个基础问题的研究。1.非平衡态统计流体力学。我们通过提出水的微观简化模型，从刘维方程出发。推导出分布函数动力学方程，并求得扰动解，此外，我们还计算了水的粘性系数，得到相当满意的结果。2.水波方程的正则化形式。我们从理想的波动方程出发，确定海波速度场和表面高度是一对正则变量，并得到水波方程的正则形式，这为以后用经典力学方法来处理海波运动很有启发。3.不可压缩粘性流性运动的变分原理。我们应用广义变分原理，证明了波浪谱函数对应着最大功率消耗原理而不是以前认为的最小功率消耗原理。

高原鼠兔与达乌尔鼠兔食物资源维生态位的研究

作者于１９９３年在青海省刚察县年诺索玛地区发现高原鼠兔（Ｏｃｈｏｌｏｎａｃｕｒｚｏｎｉａｅ）和达乌尔鼠兔（Ｏ．ｄａｕｒｉｃａ）在布哈河谷二阶地同域且重叠分布之现象，并从这两种鼠兔的食物资源利用出发，研究了其生态位关系问题。在食物资源维上的生态位宽度（ＰＳ）．高原鼠兔为０．４７４４．达乌尔鼠兔为０．４９６４，即它们具有相近似的生态位宽度。这两种动物的生态位在食物资源谱维上的重叠值（ＦＴ）为０．８０９１．表明它们在对食物资源的利用方面存在着激烈的竞争。

贵阳市表层土壤中镍的基线及污染研究

以贵州省贵阳市8 046 km2 为研究区域, 将土壤中镍的空间分布规律与环境地球化学机理研究相结合, 建立镍的区域土壤环境地球化学基线, 并进行污染分析. 通过对332 个样品的分析, 得到以下结论: 贵阳市表层土壤中镍的基线值为1710 mg/ kg , 大于5710 mg/ kg 的样品可能遭受人为污染. 地质累积指数分析结果显示贵阳市1912 %的表层土壤未受镍的污染, 6317 %的表层土壤在无污染到中度污染之间, 1618 % 的中度污染, 只有013 %的表层土壤介于中度污染到强污染之间. 污染程度指数分析则显示贵阳市64 %的表层土壤未受到镍的污染, 镍的污染程度最大为1156 , 总污染程度小于0 , 即总体未受到污染.