小角度范围内弱束缚核~(17)F弹性散射微分截面的奇异行为(英文)

在兰州放射性束流线(RIBLL)上完成了17F／17O+208Pb的弹性散射微分截面角分布测量．分析了17F／17O弹性散射产物微分截面的对数(ln(dσ／dθ))随散射角平方(θ2)的依赖关系．结果表明,在所测量的角度范围内(6°-20°),17O的这一依赖关系可以用一条直线很好地拟合,而17F的这一依赖关系需要两条不同斜率的直线才能拟合．17F数据拟合中的这种斜率改变可能起因于17F的奇异结构．对其他实验组数据的分析支持以上的结论,即在一定的角度范围内,弱束缚核与稳定核相比,弹性散射产物微分截面的对数与散射角平方的依赖关系有明显的差异,这可以作为深入研究“晕核”和“皮核”的一个新探针．

Gound State Properties of Nuclei in (295)118 alpha-Decay Chain

The properties of nuclei belonging to the alpha-decay chain of superheavy element (295)118 have been studied in the framework of axially deformed relativistic mean field (RMF) theory with the parameter set of NL-Z2 in the blocked BCS approximation. Some ground state properties such as binding energies, deformations, and alpha-decay energies Q(alpha) have been obtained and agree well with those from finite-range droplet model (FRDM). The single-particle spectra of nuclei in (295)118 alpha-decay chain show that the shell gaps present obviously nucleon number dependence. The root-mean-square (rms) radii of proton, neutron and matter distributions change slowly from (283)112 to (295)118 but dramatically from (279)110 to (283)112, which may be due to the subshell closure at Z = 110 in (279)110. The alpha-decay half-lives in (295)118 decay chain are evaluated by employing the cluster model and the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM), and the overall agreement is found when they are compared with the known experimental data. The alpha-decay lifetimes obtained from the cluster model are slightly larger than those of GLDM ones. Finally, we predict the alpha-decay half-lives of Z = 118, 116, 114, 112 isotopes using the cluster model and GLDM, which also indicate these two models can corroborate each other in studies on superheavy nuclei. The results from GLDM are always lower than those obtained from the cluster model.

Exotic behavior of elastic scattering differential cross-sections of weakly bound nucleus F-17 at small angles

The differential cross-sections for elastic scattering of F-17 and O-17 on Pb-208 have been measured at Radioactive Ion Beam Line at Lanzhou (RIBLL). The variation of the logarithms of differential cross-sections with the square of scattering angles shows clearly that there exists a turning point in the range of small scattering angles (6 degrees-20 degrees) for F-17 having exotic structure, while no turning point was observed in the O-17 elastic scattering. The experimental results have been compared with previous data. Systematical analysis on the available data seems to conclude that there is an exotic behavior of elastic scattering differential cross-sections of weakly bound nuclei with halo or skin structure as compared with that of the ordinary nuclei near stable line. Therefore the fact that the turning point of the logarithms of differential cross-sections appears at small angle for weakly bound nuclei could be used as a new probe to investigate the halo and skin phenomenon.

不同缓/控释氮肥在玉米苗期的养分释放与转化研究

采用盆栽试验,模拟田间生态环境,研究施用不同缓/控释氮素肥料在玉米苗期的土壤尿素态氮、硝态氮、铵态氮及矿质态氮数量。研究表明,施用醋酸酯淀粉包膜脲酶抑制剂NBPT涂层大颗粒尿素肥料的尿素态氮含量最高,为21.29 mg kg-1土;硝化抑制剂DCD与NBPT混合涂层大颗粒尿素、醋酸酯淀粉包膜DCD与NBPT混合涂层大颗粒尿素的铵态氮含量最高,分别达到60.22 mg kg-1土和59.93 mg kg-1土,硝态氮含量最低,分别为29.82 mg kg-1土、27.97 mg kg-1土,相互间差异不显著;醋酸酯淀粉包膜大颗粒尿素的硝态氮和矿质态氮含量都最高,分别为102.08 mg kg-1土和135.25mg kg-1土,铵态氮、尿素态氮含量最低,分别为33.16 mg kg-1和3.42 mg kg-1土,相互间无显著差异;DCD与NBPT混合涂层大颗粒尿素、丙烯酸树脂包膜NBPT涂层大颗粒尿素、醋酸酯淀粉包膜DCD与NBPT混合涂层大颗粒尿素和丙烯酸树脂包膜DCD与NBPT混合涂层大颗粒尿素在玉米苗期的土壤矿质态氮含量最少,相互间无显著差异,分别为89.75 mg kg-1土、93.70 mg kg-1土、88.19 mg kg-1土和86.22 mg kg-1土,说明它们在玉米苗期氮素养分释放量最少,包膜和抑制剂的作用效应较好。

长白山次生林演替过程中土壤线虫群落结构特点

对长白山白河局不同演替阶段次生林土壤线虫的组成进行了比较.结果表明:捕获的9 885头线虫分别隶属于线虫动物门2纲8目30科68属,各演替阶段次生林土壤线虫属数及Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)由多到少依次为220年林龄(Ⅴ)>130年林龄(Ⅳ)>85年林龄(Ⅲ)>12年林龄(Ⅰ)>25年林龄(Ⅱ).其中绕线属Plectus、小杆属Rhabditis、似绕线属Anaplectus、滑刃属Aphelenchoides和伪垫刃属Nothotylenchus为优势属,优势属线虫主要分布在枯枝落叶层.土壤线虫总数和营养类群在不同土壤深度中差异显著(P<0.01):枯枝落叶层>0~5 cm土层>5~10 cm土层>10~20 cm土层;食真菌类群数量与食细菌类群数量之和与植物寄生类群数量之比(Iw)以及线虫成熟指数(Im)在不同土壤深度也存在明显差异(P<0.01).在不同土壤深度和不同植被群落中,丰富度最大的是食细菌类群线虫.

A mica-modified quartz resonator for a quartz crystal microbalance study

Mica, as a bridge of the study for combining between quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and atomic force microscope (AFM), was successfully modified onto the piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC). This mica-modified piezoelectric quartz crystal (mica-PQC) can be stably oscillated with a shift frequency of +/-1 Hz per half an hour in air. Using this mica-PQC, the processes of DNA adsorbed onto the mica surface were studied in liquid phase. The results show that a bivalent cation, such as Mn2+, can be used as an ionic bridge to immobilize DNA on mica surface. The image of DNA on the mica surface was also obtained by AFM. Mica-PQC gives the possibility of a combination between QCM and AFM in situ.

分光光度法同时测定无机多组分体系的研究 Ⅵ 锑、锡和锗的同时测定

本文提出一个快速同时分光光度测定锑、锡和锗的方法。锑、锡和锗经磷酸三丁酯萃取后,用苯基萤光酮显色,各配合物重叠光谱的相互干扰用CPA-矩阵法处理,方法简捷,灵敏度及准确度均较好,用于合成样品及河流沉积物中锑、锡和锗的测定,获得满意的结果。

The characteristics of nutrient removal and inhibitory effect of Ulva clathrata on Vibrio anguillarum 65

To investigate the ecological effect of macroalgae on de-eutrophication and depuration of mariculture seawater, the variation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphate (DIP), the amount of Vibrio anguillarum, and total heterotrophic bacteria in Ulva clathrata culture, as well as on the algal surface, were investigated by artificially adding nutrients and V. anguillarum strain 65 from February to April 2006. The results indicated that U. clathrata not only had strong DIN and DIP removal capacities, but also showed a significant inhibitory effect on V. anguillarum, although not reducing the total heterotrophic bacteria. Vibrio anguillarum 65 dropped from 5 similar to 8 x 10(7) cfu mL(-1) to 10 cfu mL(-1) (clone-forming units per mL) in 10 g L-1 of fresh U. clathrata culture within 2 days; i.e., almost all of the Vibrios were efficiently eradicated from the algal culture system. Our results also showed that the inhibitory effect of U. clathrata on V. anguillarum strain 65 was both DIN- and DIP-dependent. Addition of DIN and DIP could enhance the inhibitory effects of the algae on the Vibrio, but did not reduce the total heterotrophic bacteria. Further studies showed that the culture suspension in which U. clathrata was pre-cultured for 24 h also had an inhibitory effect on V. anguillarum strain 65. Some unknown chemical substances, either released from U. clathrata or produced by the alga associated microorganisms, inhibited the proliferation of V. anguillarum 65.

祁连山海北高寒草甸地区微气候特征的观测研究

对祁连山海北高寒草甸地区近夏至日微气象观测分析表明: (1) 14:00 (北京时,下同) 太阳总辐射瞬时值最高可达1061 W·m-2 , 净辐射、反射辐射、光合有效辐射和紫外辐射分别为670、218、380 和168 W·m-2 , 分别约为太阳总辐射的58 %、20 %、36 %和14 % , 6 月下旬日平均反射率约为0. 22 ; (2) 土壤热通量、感热通量和潜热通量瞬时值最大分别为91、274 和362 W·m-2 , 相应占净辐射的比例为20 %、38 %和42 %; (3) 地—气温度在一定范围的水平和垂直方向变化较为剧烈, 大气逆温约出现于20 :00 至次日11 :00 , 午夜01 :00 最强; (4)风速阵性强, 有显著日变化的时间性分布。

低氧对高原鼠兔肝细胞内质网和心肌肌浆网Ca~(2+)泵的影响

模拟高原低氧条件研究高原鼠兔肝细胞内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum , ER ) 和心肌肌浆网(Sarcoplasmic reticulum , SR) 钙泵功能变化。实验设对照组(海拔2 300 m ) 和两个低氧实验组(模拟海拔5 000m 和7 000m )。24 h 急性低氧时, 海拔5 000 m 组高原鼠兔ER 的Ca2+ 泵活性无变化, 海拔7 000 m 组高原鼠兔ER Ca2+泵活性下降29102%。7 d 亚急性低氧时高原鼠兔SR 的Ca2+泵活性无显著变化。高原鼠兔ER 的Ca2+泵活性在海拔5 000 m 组和7 000 m 组分别升高32.50% 和33.33%。25 d 慢性低氧时高原鼠兔ER , SR 的Ca2+ 泵活性均无显著变化.表明: 急性低氧对Ca2+泵功能有抑制作用, 低氧7 d 后抑制缓解, 至25 d 低氧时趋于恢复。

混凝土泵车浇筑过程机器人化探讨

对混凝土泵车布料机构的运动姿态调整采取了最优控制 ,解决了泵车机器人化的运动分析的臂解问题 ,论述了泵车动态分析中应解决和注意的问题 ,给出了泵车控制自动化的程序流程图和控制系统图 ,从而为提高泵车施工过程的自动化和泵车的机器人化提出了新的思路

EDTA对狭叶香蒲吸收水中Cu^2＋及Cu^2＋在组织中迁移的影响

水培实验研究表明，100mg／L的Cu^2＋和0．5mmol／L的EDTA对狭叶香蒲（Typha angustifolia L．）的生长起到抑制作用。同时0．5mmol／L的EDTA能够促进狭叶香蒲吸收水中的Cu^2＋，并促进Cu^2＋从须根向地上部分转移，茎和叶中积累的Cu^2＋浓度为1233．8mg／kg和632．3mg／kgDW（干重），Cu^2＋从须根转移到茎部分的转移系教TFs从0．95上升到2．15；从须根转移到叶部分的转移系教从0．48上升到1．10.