622 resultados para Dsc-photovisual


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研究了组成为 1phr和 10 phr的超细碳酸钙 (Ca CO3 ,0 .1μm)经偶联剂处理前后 ,填充聚丙烯(PP)的拉伸性能和结晶行为。结果表明 :Ca CO3 的加入增加了 PP的杨氏模量 (E) ,降低了 PP的断裂伸长率 (εb) ,1Phr样品与未填充 PP的 εb 的比值为 0 .5 6 ,10 phr时则迅速降至 0 .0 4。这一变化趋势明显不同于普通 Ca CO3 填充 PP所表现出来的行为。表面处理样品的 E和 εb 均大于相应组成的未经表面处理的样品 ,SEM照片显示偶联剂的作用改善了 Ca CO3 / PP的界面粘接性能。WAXD分析表明 ,Ca CO3 的加入提高了 PP的结晶度 ,结晶形态以 α晶为主 ,晶胞参数和微晶尺寸均有一定程度的变化。DSC结果表明 ,除了 CTUCPP- 10样品的过冷度降低以外 ,其余样品的过冷度无明显改变

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用 WAXD、DSC和 SEM研究了高真空强静电场下熔融结晶的间规聚苯乙烯晶体结构和形态。实验发现 ,随电场强度的增大 ,间规聚苯乙烯晶体逐渐由 α相向 β相转变 ,片晶由无序混乱状向沿电场方向取向的有序状转化

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用 DSC,TGA,WAXD和 SEM研究了溶液浇注制备马来酸酐封端的聚亚丙基碳酸酯 /乙基纤维素共混物 (MAPPC/EC)的相容性、热稳定性、聚集态结构和形态。共混物存在单一玻璃化温度揭示 MAPPC和EC在非晶区相容。富 EC共混物的固相 -液晶相转变温度和液晶相 -各向同性态转变温度和转变焓均随 EC含量增加而增加。在 MAPPC中混入 EC,热分解温度提高 ,特别是质量比为 90∶ 1 0的 MAPPC/EC共混物热分解温度增加在富 MAPPC共混物中最明显。在胆甾型液晶 EC中混入 MAPPC,EC的 2个峰向大 Bragg角方向移动 ,使介晶相聚合物层间距及链间距变小 ;结晶相微晶尺寸增大 ,非晶相尺寸减小 ,共混物堆砌更紧密。

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以辛酸亚锡为催化剂 ,研究了聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)与聚ε 己内酯 (PCL)在液相条件下的酯交换反应 .讨论了反应时间 ,反应温度和催化剂浓度对酯交换反应的影响 .采用1 3C NMR ,FTIR ,DSC ,WAXD和TGA等方法对PHB和PCL共聚酯 (PHB co PCL)的结构进行了表征 ,并对其结晶行为、晶体结构和热稳定性进行了研究 .结果表明 ,通过酯交换反应 ,所得到的共聚酯为嵌段共聚物 .提高反应温度和延长反应时间有利于酯交换反应的发生 .随着酯交换量的增加 ,PHB co PCL的结晶行为发生很大的变化 .但是 ,PHB co PCL晶体结构并没有因为PCL链段的引入而发生变化 ,而且它的热稳定性在空气气氛中略有提高

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采用DSC方法对聚 β 羟基丁酸酯顺丁烯二酸酐接枝共聚物 (PHB g MA)的等温结晶动力学和熔融行为进行了研究 .结果表明 ,顺丁烯二酸酐的引入使得聚 β 羟基丁酸酯的结晶能力下降 ,但是并没有改变它的结晶成核机理和生长方式 .随着接枝率的增加 ,结晶活化能增加 .等温结晶后的PHB g MA表现出双熔融行为 ,这是在升温过程中发生熔融重结晶的结果

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研究了尼龙(PA)1010在250℃、不同压力下退火30 min后凝聚态结构的变化。结果表明,在压力小于1.0 GPa和大于1.2 GPa的范围内,PA1010室温结晶的三斜晶系的晶体结构没有变化,但是(100)晶面的衍射强度随压力的增加而减弱,而(110/010)晶面的衍射强度增加;当压力在1.0~1.2 GPa时,PA1010的X射线衍射图谱没有明显的衍射峰,DSC和溶解实验证实,PA1010在该压力范围内发生了交联,并进一步讨论了PA1010在高压下发生交联的机理。

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根据广角 X光衍射 (WAXD)理论 ,对不同晶型间规聚苯乙烯 (α 、α"和 β )的 WAXD图进行计算机拟合多峰分解 ,计算出各晶型相应结晶衍射峰和无定形峰的校正系数 ,导出 α 、α"和 β 晶型的结晶度计算公式。并用示差扫描量热法 (DSC)对不同温度下充分结晶样品的结晶度加以求算和比较。结果表明 ,二者所得的结果相一致

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根据反应物的不同配比 ,用乙酰基不同程度地取代了聚酚氧大分子侧链上的羟基 ,得到了不同酰化程度的聚酚氧 ,用NMR及FTIR谱图对合成的乙酰化聚酚氧进行了定量 ,并用FTIR、DSC对其分子间氢键的强弱进行了研究 ,用DSC对系列酰化聚酚氧进行了表征 ,结果表明改性聚酚氧中的特殊相互作用主要来自羟基.

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为探索分子量和支链含量对聚乙烯非等温结晶过程的影响 ,选用 3组样品 :(1 )不同分子量的无支链线形聚乙烯 ;(2 )低分子量的支链含量不同的试样 ;(3 )高分子量的支链含量不同的试样 .用 DSC研究了这3组样品的非等温结晶动力学 .结果表明 :(1 )与支链含量相比 ,分子量大小对结晶的影响是次要的 ,但高分子量样品的结晶度比低分子量样品低 ;(2 )支链对聚乙烯的非等温结晶有重要影响 ,在支化聚乙烯中起决定作用 ;(3 )无论是高分子量试样还是低分子量试样 ,支化含量增加 ,聚乙烯的结晶温度、结晶度、结晶动力学以及晶体的熔点等显著降低

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用发散法合成周边含 12个丁氧基偶氮苯介晶基元(M5 )端基新的一代树状碳硅烷(D1).并用元素分析、核磁共振、激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱、红外、紫外、偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热(DSC)和广角X射线衍射(WAXD)表征.D1为向列相与M5相同,树状物相态由介晶基元相态决定,D1相行为:K82N13 3I13 2N67K,D1熔点比M5降低 3 0~ 43℃,D1清亮点比M5增加 9~ 11℃,D1介晶相区比M5加宽 3 9~ 5 4℃,观察到 8条黑刷的树状物的高强向错(S =+ 2),D1清亮焓值略低于通常液晶n i相变清亮焓值,原因是枝化的树状物核心不易完全变形为液晶态的各向异性结构

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合成了一种新型丙交酯开环聚合的催化剂——二价茂稀土配合物,研究了它对左旋丙交酯(L-LA)的聚合反应.结果表明,单体的转化率和聚合物的分子量随反应时间的延长而增加;单体/催化剂的摩尔比增加,聚合物的分子量也增加;在极性四氢呋喃中聚合反应比在甲苯溶剂中慢.聚合产物不论分子量的大小,都具有不同程度的结晶度,其DSC图都有熔融峰,且都保持很高的旋光性.

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A distorted layered perovskite compound BaTb2Mn2O7 was synthesized by the solid state reaction in pure argon. There is a structural phase transition in the BaTb2Mn2O7 compound. The phase transition was characterized by the DSC and high temperature Xray diffraction. The heat capacity of BaTb2Mn2O7 was calculated. The thermal anomaly corresponding to the phase transition was observed at about 740K. The lattice parameters were calculated by the CELL program for BaTb2Mn2O7, It has Tb-type orthorhombic symmetry with a = 0.3908 nm, b = 0.3866 nm, c = 2.0163 nm, and space group Immm at room temperature. With the increase of temperature, the lattice parameters gradually increase until 673K. From 723K to 973K, the compound translates to tetragonal with a = 0.39078 nm, c = 2.0277 nm and S.G. I4/mmm. This result is fairly in accordance with that of heat capacity.

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Naphthalene-labeled polypropylene (PP) was prepared by melt reaction of maleic anhydride-grafted-polypropylene (PP-g-MA) with 1-aminonaphthalene in a Barabender mixer chamber. The structure of the product was analyzed with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence. The results showed that naphthyl groups grafted onto the PP molecular chains through the imide bonds formed between MA and 1-aminonaphthalene. The content of the chromophores was 1.8 X 10(-4) mol g(-1) measured by elemental analysis. Isothermal crystallization behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Labeled PP had a higher crystallization rate than PP-g-MA. Wide-angle X-Ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis revealed that labeled PP had higher crystallinity than PP-g-MA.

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A novel dimer-tungstovanadate, (H3O)(4)[VW12O40Na (H2O)(4)](2), was hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, TGA-DSC thermal analysis and polarograpy. The yellowish crystal crystallized in the triclinic system, space group P1, a = 1.464 5(3) nm, b = 1.468 6(3) nm, c = 1.411 1(3) nm, alpha = 111.82(2)degrees, beta = 93.17(3)degrees, gamma = 117.47(3)degrees, V = 2.210 6(8) nm(3), Z = 1, D-c = 4.552 g . cm(-3), lambda (Mo K alpha) = 0.071 073 nm, mu = 31.402 mm(-1) F(000) = 2 6481 R = 0.078 0. The title compound consists of two Keggin structure units linked together with two hydrated sodium cations to form a dimer with a porous structure with the pore dimension of 0.766 nm X 0.778 5 nm.

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Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of three metallocene-catalysed short-chain-branched polyethylene (SCBPE) fractions with different degree of branching were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Narrow molecular weight fractions (M-w = 20,000 and M-w/M-n < 1.15) are used and the degree of branching (CH3 per 1000C) are 1.6, 10.4, 40 respectively. The regime I - II transition temperature are 119.8C, 115.9 degreesC, 113.3 degreesC with the decreasing of degree of branching. Increasing the branch content decreases the rate of secondary nucleation, i,relative to the rate of surface spreading and so increases the range of supercooling over which regime I exists. The rate of bulk crystallization for both isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization decreases with the increasing of degree of branching. Both Ozawa Equation and Kissinger Equation are invalid for non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of SCBPE fractions,that means the effects of the branched chain on crystallization process are more complex than expected.