COIL亚声速段横向喷流混合流场数值分析

COIL是一个气体动力学、化学反应动力学以及光学相互耦合的复杂过程.作为高总压COIL系统研究的第一步,利用三维CFD技术对传统的COIL亚声速段横向射流混合过程进行了数值分析,讨论了包括压力梯度驱动项的分子扩散机制,得到了横向射流的较精细的结构,如马蹄形射流界面、逆旋涡对以及射流剪切层.结果表明,压力梯度驱动项对重、轻组分的扩散作用相反,重组分沿压力梯度正向扩散,轻组分逆压力梯度方向扩散.在射流穿透不足的情况下,仍然在喷管出口得到了约为0.01 cm-1的小信号增益系数.

不同热化学非平衡模型对高超声速喷管流场影响的数值分析

采用轴对称NS方程，数值研究不同热化学非平衡模型对高超声速喷管流场的影响，包括：（1）不同组元数的高温空气模型（5组元、7组元、11组元）的比较；（2）热力非平衡（双温度）的化学动力过程与热力平衡（单温度）的化学动力过程的比较。计算结果表明，高焓风洞实验条件下喷管流场处于热力和化学都是非平衡的状态。在计算条件下，数值模拟以采用7组元或11组元的热化学非平衡模型为宜。

Comparison-speed liquid jets

The performance of a small high-speed liquid jet apparatus is described. Water jets with velocities from 200 to 700 m/s were obtained by firing a deformable lead slug from an air rifle into a stainless steel nozzle containing water sealed with a rubber diaphragm. Nozzle devices using the impact extrusion (IE) and cumulation (CU) methods were designed to generate the jets. The effect of the nozzle diameter and the downstream distance on the jet velocity is examined. The injection sequences are visualized using both shadowgraphy and schlieren photography. The difference between the IE and CU methods of jet generation is found.

Generation of long, laminar plasma jets at atmospheric pressure and effects of flow turbulence

Long, laminar plasma jets at atmospheric pressure of pure argon and a mixture of argon and nitrogen with jet length up to 45 fi,Hes its diameter could be generated with a DC are torch by! restricting the movement of arc root in the torch channel. Effects of torch structure, gas feeding, and characteristics of power supply on the length of plasma jets were experimentally examined. Plasma jets of considerable length and excellent stability could be obtained by regulating the generating parameters, including are channel geometry gas flow I ate, and feeding methods, etc. Influence of flow turbulence at the torch,nozzle exit on the temperature distribution of plasma jets was numerically simulated. The analysis indicated that laminar flow plasma with very low initial turbulent kinetic energy will produce a long jet, with low axial temperature gradient. This kind of long laminar plasma jet could greatly improve the controllability for materials processing, compared with a short turbulent are let.

固体火箭发动机柔性接头弹性件力学性能研究

针对固体火箭发动机柔性接头中的橡胶材料，研究了在进行这种橡胶结构有限元计算中橡胶材料的力学行为的表征。进行了单轴拉伸与简单剪切材料力学性能试验，根据不同材料模型对试验曲线进行了拟合，并用MSC／Marc软件模拟了超弹性材料的单轴拉伸与简单剪切变形过程。结果表明：采用单轴拉伸试验数据预测材料剪切性能会造成明显误差，而简单剪切试验得到的模型可以比较准确描述材料的拉伸和剪切变形，针对柔性接头这种以剪切变形为主的结构，应选取剪切试验数据；当应变大于150％时，不同材料模型与试验数据的选用范围对计算结果具有明显影响。

Experimental Study on Hydrodynamic Behaviors of High-Speed Gas Jets in Still Water

The present paper describes experimental investigation on the flow pattern and hydrodynamic effect of underwater gas jets from supersonic and sonic nozzles operated in correct- and imperfect expansion conditions. The flow visualizations show that jetting is the flow regime for the submerged gas injection at a high speed in the parameter range under consideration. The obtained results indicate that high-speed gas jets in still water induce large pressure pulsations upstream of the nozzle exit and the presence of shock-cell structure in the over- and under-expanded jets leads to an increase in the intensity of the jet-induced hydrodynamic pressure.

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FLOWFIELD IN A SUPERSONIC COIL WITH AN INTERLEAVED JET CONFIGURATION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE GAIN DISTRIBUTION

In a supersonic chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) operating without primary buffer gas, the features of flowfield have significant effects on the Laser efficiency and beam quality. In this paper three-dimensional, multi-species, chemically reactive CFD technology was used to study the flowfield in mixing nozzle implemented with a supersonic interleaving jet configuration. The features of the flowfield as well as its effect on the spatial distribution of small signal gain were analyzed.

Numerical Study on Flow Field and Temperature Distribution in Growth Process of 200 mm Czochralski Silicon Crystals

The melt flow and temperature distribution in a 200 mm silicon Czochralski furnace with a cusp magnetic field was modeled and simulated by using a finite-volume based FLUTRAPP ( Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena Program) code. The melt flow in the crucible was focused, which is a result of the competition of buoyancy, the centrifugal forces caused by the rotations of the crucible and crystal, the thermocapillary force on the free surfaces and the Lorentz force induced by the cusp magnetic field. The zonal method for radiative heat transfer was used in the growth chamber, which was confined by the crystal surface, melt surface, crucible, heat shield, and pull chamber. It was found that the cusp magnetic field could strength the dominant counter-rotating swirling flow cell in the crucible and reduce the flow oscillation and the pulling-rate fluctuation. The fluctuation of dopant and oxygen concentration in the growing crystal could thus be smoothed.

Numerical analysis of spatial evolution of the small signal gain in a chemical oxygen-iodine laser operating without primary buffer gas

A chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) that operates without primary buffer gas has become a new way of facilitating the compact integration of laser systems. To clarify the properties of spatial gain distribution, three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology was used to study the mixing and reactive flow in a COIL nozzle with an interleaving jet configuration in the supersonic section. The results show that the molecular iodine fraction in the secondary flow has a notable effect on the spatial distribution of the small signal gain. The rich iodine condition produces some negative gain regions along the jet trajectory, while the lean iodine condition slows down the development of the gain in the streamwise direction. It is also found that the new configuration of an interleaving jet helps form a reasonable gain field under appropriate operation conditions. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preliminary-results of gaas single-crystal growth under high gravity conditions

GaAs single crystals have been grown under high gravity conditions, up to 9g0, by a recrystallization method with decreasing temperature. The impurity striations in GaAs grown under high gravity become weak and indistinct with smaller striation spacings. The dislocation density of surcharge-grown GaAs increases with increase of centrifugal force. The cathodoluminescence results also show worse perfection in the GaAs grown at high gravity than at normal earth gravity.

Characteristics of a CW HF chemical-laser calculated from a simplified two-dimensional model

A two-dimensional simplified model of an HF chemical laser is introduced. Using an implicit finite difference scheme, the solution of two adjacent parallel streams with diffusion mixing and chemical reaction is generated. A contour of mixing and reaction boundary is obtained without presupposition. The distribution of the HF(v) concentrations, gas temperature and the optical small signal gain (alpha sub V, J) on the flowing plane (X, Y) are presented. Compared with the solution solved directly from a set of Navier-Stokes equations, the results of these two methods agree with each other qualitatively. The influences of the different velocity, temperature (T sub 0) and composition of the two streams on the small signal gain after the nozzle exit are investigated. It is interesting that for larger J with a fixed v, the peaks of alpha sub v-T sub 0 profiles move towards higher T sub 0. The computing method is simple and only a short computing time is needed.

A model experiment of the plate movement

Detailed analysis of some difficult aspects has been made from modeling the platemovement. A new method of using differential density of material (instead of differentialtemperature) has been developed in the experiments. The effect of convection of mantleon the plate movement has been studied using a centrifugal technique, and a patternshowing the recurrence of the plate movement has been successfully obtained. In this paper, a criterion De=Dm is presented for the similarity of the model to thecounterpart of the original mantle. According to the criterion, what happens in the modelin a span of ten minutes suggests a process of the "original model" going on in geologi-cal time of three million years.

CMP流场的数值模拟及离心力影响分析

化学机械抛光(chemical mechanical polishing,CMP)是一项融合化学分解和机械力学的工艺,其中包含了流体动力润滑的作用.在已有润滑方程的基础上,提出并分析了带有离心力项的润滑方程.利用Chebyshev加速超松弛技术对有离心力项的润滑方程进行求解,得到离心力对抛光液压力分布的影响.数值模拟结果表明,压力分布与不带离心力项的润滑方程得出的明显不同;无量纲载荷和转矩随中心膜厚、转角、倾角、抛光垫旋转角速度等参数的变化趋势相同,但数值相差较大,抛光垫旋转角速度越大差别越大.

共用尾喷管多管脉冲爆震发动机数值模拟研究

采用基元反应模型和显式迎风TVD差分格式数值模拟方法，研究共用尾喷管多管脉冲爆震发动机（Pulse Detonation Engine，简称PDE）各爆震管之间相互影响。采用点隐算法解决化学反应引起的刚性问题，模拟了共用尾喷管内的流场，以及爆震波退化为激波遇到尾喷管收敛斜面反射及反射波向爆震管上游传播的过程。研究结果为多管PDE的共用尾喷管设计提供了理论基础。

塞式喷管气体动力学过程冷流实验研究

开展了塞式喷管气体动力学过程的冷流实验研究。实验对不同压比条件下塞式喷管塞体表面的压力分布进行了测量，对塞体长度、侧板影响、底部特性以及二次流影响进行了研究。通过冷流实验揭示了塞式喷管的气体动力学过程和流动特性，得到的结论主要有：(1)有无侧板对塞体边缘压力分布影响比较明显，对中心线压力分布影响很小，无侧板的情况下喷管性能会有一定损失。(2)尾迹开放状态下，底部压力随环境压力变化，由于底部涡的影响，底部压力低于环境压力：尾迹闭合状态下，底部压力不再随环境压力变化。(3)尾迹闭合状态下，在底部加入二次流会有比较明显的增压效果；尾迹开放状态下，二次流对短喷管增压效果不明显，但对长喷管有一定的增压效果。