采用双折射晶体实现大功率半导体列阵激光器偏振复合

根据大功率半导体列阵激光器输出光束的偏振特性,基于偏振复用的原理,利用双折射晶体YVO4进行两只大功率半导体列阵激光器的偏振合束研究。利用按照理论计算值生长的双折射晶体和特殊设计的光路系统实现功率复用效率66%,经过耦合镜聚焦后得到光斑大小为1.25 mm×0.12 mm,功率密度为2.74×104W/cm2。

Fabrication of SiGe/Si Multi-Quantum Wells Resonant-Cavity-Enhanced Detector

A SiGe/Si multi-quantum wells resonant-cavity-enhanced(RCE) detector with high reflectivity bottom mirror is fabricated by a new method.The bottom mirror is deposited in the hole,which is etched from the backside of the sample by ethylenediamine-pyrocatechol-water(EPW) solution with the buried SiO2 layer in SOI substrate as the etching-stop layer.Reflectivity spectrum indicates that the mirror deposited in the hole has a reflectivity as high as 99% in the range of 1.2～1.5μm.The peak responsivity of the RCE detector at 1.344μm is 1.2mA/W and the full width at half maximum is 12nm.Compared with the conventional p-i-n photodetector,the responsivity of RCE detector is enhanced 8 times.

我国重质量丰中子新核素的合成、鉴别和研究实现重要突破

本文叙述了远离β稳定线新核素尤其是重质量丰中子新核素合成和研究的重要意义,介绍了合成和鉴别的技术路线,报告了我国在该领域的研究现状。

THE ISOSPIN DEPENDENCE OF THE NUCLEAR PHASE TRANSITION NEAR THE CRITICAL POINT

The experimental results reveal the isospin dependence of the nuclear phase transition in terms of the Landau Free Energy description of critical phenomena. Near the critical point, different ratios of the neutron to proton concentrations lead to different critical points for the phase transition which is analogous to the phase transitions in He-4-He-3 liquid mixtures. The antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and GEMINI models calculations were also performed and the results will be discussed as well.

大连市生态足迹与水足迹

生态足迹模型已广泛应用于可持续发展和生态承载力评估中。本文以大连市统计资料为依据,计算了大连市的人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力,用来分析大连市生态可持续发展情况;同时基于生态足迹理论,运用水足迹模型,计算了大连市2001年的水足迹。结果表明:从1991—2004年,大连市人均生态足迹整体呈上升趋势,多年人均生态足迹均在2.250hm2·人-1以上;2004年为3.965hm2·人-1,是1991年(2.250hm2.人-1)的1.76倍,2000—2004年大连市存在不同程度的生态赤字现象;2001年人均水足迹为748.270m3·人-1,低于北方人均水足迹水平,属于水资源短缺型城市。

Combination of CH4 oxidative coupling reaction with C2H6 oxidative dehydrogenation by CO2 to C2H4

A new process has been suggested for converting natural gas to ethylene by combining oxidative coupling of methane with ethane dehydrogenation to provide an efficient method for the utilization of thermicity and CO2. From their thermodynamics, it is clear that the exothermicity from CH4 oxidative coupling reaction (DeltaH(800degreesC) = -174.3 kJ mol(-1)) can support C2H6 dehydrogenation by CO2 (DeltaH(800degreesC) = + 180.2 kJ mol(-1)). Meanwhile, the two reactions can be conducted under the same reaction conditions, such as the reaction temperature and reaction pressure as well as space velocity. In addition, the CO2 yielded from CH4 oxidative coupling reaction can be directly used for C2H6 dehydrogenation. Two kinds of catalyst are developed for this combined process with an achievement, from which C2H4 content in tail gas can reach attractively 16.4%, which can be used directly to produce ethylbenzene by the alkylation of benzene. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Concentrations of alkyphenol polyethoxylates entering UK estuaries

Concentrations of the weakly oestrogenic degradation products of alkylphenol polyethoxylate (APE) surfactants (nonylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate and nonylphenol diethoxylate) were measured in water and sediments from British rivers and estuaries collected during 1994 and 1995. In addition, a series of samples of tissues of wild fish from the River Aire, and from a laboratory dosing experiment were analysed for alkylphenols, to assess the degree of bioaccumulation of these compounds. Measurable concentrations of APE residues were recorded in the River Aire (15–76 μg/l total extractable alkylphenols), the River Mersey (6–11 μg/l) and the Tees estuary (up to 76 μg/l). These levels exceed, or are close to, the no observed effect concentration for the induction of vitellogenesis in caged trout (5–20 μg/l total extractable alkylphenols), and may be sufficient to exert an oestrogenic effect on fish populations in these areas. A sediment sample from Bingley on the River Aire contained 15 μg/g (dry weight) nonylphenol, and concentrations in sediments from the Tees and Mersey estuaries exceeded 1 μg/g. These rivers receive a variety of trade waters via sewage treatment works (STW) effluents containing significant concentrations of APE. Elsewhere, concentrations in water and sediments were near or below limits of detection and biological effects are unlikely, suggesting that any oestrogenic effects observed in sewage outfalls and rivers not directly impacted by APE-containing trade-waters may be caused by other chemicals. Analysis of samples of trout muscle taken from a tank dosed at 65 μg/l nonylphenol indicated a bioaccumulation factor of between 90 and 125 after 3 weeks exposure. Samples of wild fish from the River Aire contained up to 0.8 μg/g nonylphenol in the muscle, a tissue bioaccumulation factor of approximately 50 relative to measured concentrations in water samples. A series of fish samples taken from offshore for food quality assurance purposes contained no detectable levels of APE residues (0.05–0.1 μg/g nonylphenol).