Laser drilling improving circuit board manufacturing

We reported here a novel technique for laser high speed drillings on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). A CNC solid laser based system is developed to drill through and blind vias as an alternative to mechanical drilling. The system employs an Acousto-Optic Q-switched Nd: YAG laser, a computer control system and an X-Y moving table which can handle up to 400 x 400 mm PCB. With a special designed cavity the laser system works in a pulsed operation in order to generate pulses with width down to 0.5 mu s and maximum peak power over 10kW at 10k repetition rate. Delivered by an improved optical beam transforming system, the focused laser beam can drill hobs including blind vias on PCBs with diameter in the range of 0.1 - 0.4 mm and at up to 300 - 500 vias per second (depending on the construction of PCBs). By means of a CNC X-Y moving system, laser pulses with pulse-to-pulse superior repeatability can be fired at desired location on a PCBs with high accuracy. This alternative technology for drilling through or blind vias on PCBs or PWBs (printed wiring boards) will obviously enhance the capability to printed boards manufacturing.

KD-4型可动凝胶调驱体系研究与应用

针对中高温油藏调驱中使用的含醇类酚醛树脂类交联剂在现场应用中存在结块、醇的挥发性等问题，开展了可动凝胶合成技术、配方组成、成胶时间、热稳定性考察等试验研究，形成了以全水溶、高羟甲基化的预聚树脂交联剂为主体的KD-4型调驱体系配方。对KD-4型调驱体系成胶时间、热稳定性等进行了室内实验，并开展了前置段塞物模试验和可动性物模试验研究。依据试验结果，将总体段塞设计为“前置段塞＋主段塞＋保护段塞＋驱油段塞（视井况而定）”，成胶黏度由低到高。自2006年7月以来，该技术进行了6口井的现场应用，井组有效率100％，截至2007年10月底，按驻点法统计，累计阶段增产原油16158．7t，目前继续有效，措施效果显著，说明调驱性能稳定，方案设计科学.

基于B/S的海洋平台远程监控系统设计

本文提出基于浏览器/服务器（Browser/Server简写为B/S）海洋平台结构的远程监测控制系统,实现在客户端不间断对平台进行实时监视,获得现场采集数据,并以图形方式进行实时显示,从而为平台的安全运行和结构设计提供科学依据。

星间激光通讯中的精跟踪研究

星间激光通讯中，精跟踪起着十分重要的作用，而精密偏转镜（FSM）是精跟踪系统中最为关键的部件．基于光学矢量反射定律，推导得到了FSM的精确光学特性，这一特性为精跟踪控制系统提供了精确的理论依据．设计了基于FSM精确光学特性的精跟踪控制系统，对系统整定所用的单纯形法进行了两点重要改进，并对所设计的精跟踪系统进行了数字模拟，由此实现了对FSM的精确控制，提高了精跟踪系统的精确性；将光学衍射超分辨原理应用到星间激光通讯中．利用三区位相光瞳滤波器的超分辨性能，改变光学系统的点扩散函数，从而改变接收端焦平面上的光强

星间光通信中的APT技术及其控制系统

APT（Acquisition Pointing and Tracking）技术是星间光通信的关键技术。介绍了该技术中的扫描、捕获、指向、跟踪过程及其控制系统，重点论述了实现跟踪的困难性，相应地介绍了一种有效的扰动抑制控制系统。

梯度补偿法控温晶体的高功率绿光激光器

研究了平均功率超过30 W的稳定高效全固态绿光激光器,分析得出影响全固态腔内倍频激光器倍频效率和输出稳定性的主要因素是倍频晶体局部温升造成的相位失配和热透镜效应,采用温度梯度补偿控温法对大尺寸倍频晶体进行温度控制,降低激光器工作中倍频晶体内外温度梯度从而有效地克服因晶体局部温升造成的倍频相位匹配角失配和热透镜效应。采用三条60 W的半导体激光二极管阵列板条侧面抽运Nd:YAG激光增益介质棒,采用声光调Q,平凹直腔和腔内倍频结构配合温度梯度补偿控温法对大尺寸倍频晶体进行温度控制,得到了稳定高效的532 nm

A simple closed aquatic ecosystem (CAES) for space

A closed aquatic ecosystem (CAES) was developed to stud), the effects of microgravity on the function of closed ecosystems aboard the Chinese retrieved satellite and on the spacecraft SHENZHOU-II. These systems housed a small freshwater snail (Bulinus australianus) and an autotrophic green algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa). The results of the test on the satellite were that the concentration of algae changed little, but that the snails died during the experiments. We then sought to optimize the function of the control system, the cultural conditions and the data acquisition system and carried out an experiment on the spacecraft SHENZHOU-II. Using various sensors to monitor the CAES, real-time data regarding the operation of the CAES in microgravity was acquired. In addition, all on-board Ig centrifuge was included to identify gravity-related factors. It was found that microgravity is the major factor affecting the operation of the CAES in space. The change in biomass of the primary producer during each day in microgravity was larger than that of the control groups. The mean biomass concentration per day in the microgravity group decreased, but that of the control groups increased for several days and then leveled off. Space effects on the biomass of a primary producer may be a result of microgravity effects leading to increasing metabolic rates of the consumer combined with decreases in photosynthesis. (c) 2007 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Micronutrient niacin addition to enhance biological treatment of textile wastewater

Micronutrients play an important role in biological processes for wastewater treatment. Many industrial wastewaters lack in nutrients required for microbial growth, and this is one of the problems at many activated sludge plants treating them. In this study, the effects of the micronutrient niacin on the COD removal rates of textile wastewater, together with the effect of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) on niacin, were studied. Certain improvement effects were found on the removal rates of COD, when 0.5 similar to 2.0 mg/L niacin was added to the textile wastewater. The optimal concentration of niacin was 1.0 mg/L, which was continuously added during textile wastewater treatment, and removal rates were 1.31 times compared to those of the control system. The concentration of MLSS was probably one of the factors influencing treatment efficiency, and the biological performance of treatment system could be optimized through micronutrient niacin supplements.

面向ETL过程的数据质量控制系统的设计与实现

ETL过程是一个从分布数据源(包括数据库、应用系统、文件系统等)抽取数据，进行转换、集成和传输，并最终加载到目标系统的过程。传统的ETL过程主要服务于数据仓库(Data Warehouse)，属于企业决策支持系统的一部分。随着数据集成技术的发展和轻量级的数据集成中间件的出现，ETL过程广泛应用于企业数据集成与数据交换系统。在ETL过程中，数据质量控制是一个极为重要的基本组件和功能，它对集成中的数据进行检测、转换、清洗，以防止“脏”数据进入目标系统。在ETL过程中如果缺少对数据质量的有效控制，就会导致数据集成项目无法圆满实现目标或彻底失败。 针对ETL过程中存在的数据质量问题，设计并实现面向ETL过程的数据质量控制系统，是本文研究的重点。论文通过对ETL过程中各阶段可能产生的数据质量问题进行了分类，并对质量控制需求建模，提出一个面向ETL过程的数据质量控制框架，该框架通过对源端数据的分析来指导ETL的设计，通过灵活、可配置、可扩展的数据处理机制实现数据的过滤、转换与清洗，并支持对数据质量处理全过程进行监控。在该框架基础上，论文特别在灵活的数据处理机制、数据分析、数据过滤和数据清洗四个方面进行了探讨。在数据处理机制方面，提出了基于插件元模型的数据处理机制，该机制可以满足用户对数据过滤、数据转换与数据清洗等功能的各种定制需求，并具有较强的可扩展性；在数据分析方面，根据字段类型对数据进行分类统计，并针对大数据量统计分析问题，提出了可自动配置的不同数据统计策略；在数据过滤方面，通过将抽取数据的SQL语句重写的方式，过滤不满足完整性约束的元组；在数据清洗方法方面给出了一种利用统计信息动态确定属性相似度权重的方法，对基于字段的相似记录检测算法的领域无关算法进行了改进，提高了数据检测的准确性。在上述工作基础上，在数据集成中间件OnceDI中设计并实现了数据质量控制系统，并在设计中通过设计模式的应用增强系统的可扩展性。

中药处方配伍监控系统的设计与实现

医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)作为医院信息化建设的重要组成部分越来越受到社会的重视,已经进入一个高速发展的阶段。但是作为诊疗过程的一个重要组成部分-药物处方治疗,在HIS中却缺少必要的监控与指导。在HIS标准化推进的同时,更应该对其深度和广度进行研究,结合软件工程的设计思想,基于面向对象的开发方法,设计开发了“中药处方配伍”监控系统,提供了临床用药指导功能,使其作为HIS的一个子系统能够实时的对医生处方进行监控,使临床医药人员记得更多、更准、更细,以降低药源性疾病,提高用药质量,加强用药管理,避免医疗纠纷。

一种分布式转发基站测控系统的研究与实现

布式监测系统(DCS)在许多领域具有重要的应用价值.针对目前分布式监测系统造价高、运行不稳定等问题,该文提出了一种解决方案--基于多种通讯链路的分布式转发基站监测系统.该文详细介绍了阐述了该监测控制系统的工作原理,并对监测控制系统的结构(包括软件的结构和硬件系统的结构)进行了具体地说明,然后详细描述了监控系统软件、硬件以及通讯协议的设计与实现;文章最后,对基于该系统的一个成功应用--无线寻呼基站无人测控系统的实现作了介绍.无线寻呼基站运行实践中所表现出的低成本、高性能的特点进一步验证了该方案的可实施性.

我国的风电技术和风电发展

发展风力发电是我国能源战略的一项重要内容。文章首先介绍了我国风电利用的总体状况；然后从风机叶片制造、控制系统及整机制造等方面，详述了现阶段我国风电设备的基本状况；最后对我国风电发展障碍进行了分析。并提出了相关建议。

车载式变量施药机控制系统设计与试验

施药控制是提高作业质量、减少化学污染、降低生产成本的关键技术。该文基于单片机AT89C52,采用滞环控制法,设计了一种车载式变量施药机控制系统。该系统能够根据施药机行走速度自动变更喷药量,实现施药量不变。试验表明:加速度小于0.4m/s2时,实际施药量与设定施药量之间的误差不超过8%,且雾化效果良好、生产效率高,还可以减少农药的残留和对环境的污染,能够满足农业生产的需要。

Single steady frequency and narrow line width external cavity semiconductor laser

A single longitudinal mode and narrow line width external cavity semiconductor laser is proposed. It is constructed with a semiconductor laser, collimator, a flame grating, and current and temperature control systems. The one facet of semiconductor laser is covered by high transmission film, and another is covered by high reflection film. The flame grating is used as light feedback element to select the mode of the semiconductor laser. The temperature of the constructed external cavity semiconductor laser is stabilized in order of 10(-3)degreesC by temperature control system. The experiments have been carried out and the results obtained-the spectral fine width of this laser is compressed to be less than 1.4MHz from its original line-width of more than 1200GHz and the output stability (including power and mode) is remarkably enhanced.