38 resultados para G8630 1887 .B6
Resumo:
Notholca dongtingensis n.sp. was found in the second largest lake of China, Dongting Lake. It is related to Notholca labis Gosse, 1887 and N. kozhovi Vassilijewa & Kutikova, 1969. Its main distinguishing taxonomic features are a square-oval lorica, very short anterior spines, anterior lateral spines curving outwards and protrusile posterior margin of the ventral plate.
Resumo:
This paper reported the sorption, biodegradation and isomerization of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in laboratory sediment/water system under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The effect of organic nutrient addition to the sorption of HCH was also investigated. It indicates that HCH is highly adsorbed on sediments under both conditions. During the tests, the biodegradation and isomerization of HCH were dramatically speeded up after organic nutrient additions, especially in the case of the observation under aerobic condition. It was found, beta-HCH was the most persistent in the environment, that is due to the isomerization of alpha-HCH in a big amount to beta-HCH, besides its chemical stability. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Resumo:
From a single process, GaN layers were laterally overgrown on maskless stripe-patterned (111) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The influence of stress on the behavior of dislocations at the coalescence during growth was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Improvement of the crystallin equality of the GaN layer was demonstrated by TEM and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the benefits of SOI substrates for GaN growth are also discussed.
Resumo:
黑白仰鼻猴仅分布于滇西北和藏东南境内,金沙江和澜沧江间的一个狭小区域内。根据以前的研究结果,将暗针叶林和针阔混交林定义为其适宜生境(SH)黑白仰鼻猴的适宜生境由于当地人砍树烧树形成夏季高山牧场逐渐被侵蚀。为了解云南省境内黑白仰鼻猴适宜生境的现状,我们比较了1997年卫星图片和1958年以航片为基础绘制的地形图上夏季牧场和适宜生境的面积,得到以下结果:1)1997年黑白仰鼻猴的适宜生境面积为4169平方公里;2)夏季牧场面积为1923平方公里;3)过去的40年中,适宜生境面积减少了31%(1887平方公里),夏季牧场面积增加了204%(1291平方公里);4)森林斑块的平均面积从15.6平方公.里减小到5.4平方公里。另外,夏季牧场的面积和当地人口成正相关(R2=053),这意味着黑白仰鼻猴生境的减少和破碎化是当地传统生产方式和人口增长共同作用的结果。目前在云南和西藏境内分别尚存11群和2群黑白仰鼻猴。
Resumo:
从 1999 年4 月至2002 年六月间,对黑白仰鼻猴种群(Rhinopithecus bieti ) 的分布和生境状况进行了调查。与十年前的调查结果相比,本次调查新发现了4 个亚种群(指存在生境走廊的若干群体),但有5 个以前存在的群已经消失,现 存猴群数量为13 群,总体数量约为1200-1700 只。从西藏的芒康到云龙的龙马 山,随着海拔的降低,猴群可利用的植被类型也随之多样化。但由于砍伐、放牧、 开矿等因素的影响,猴群生境破碎化程度较高,连接猴群的生境走廊状况极差, 多数猴群孤立分布,并且存在小种群问题,生境走廊的维护和恢复已成为该物种 保护成功与否的关键。种群的总体数量下降了32%(不含4 个新发现的亚种群), 其中4 群数量下降,4 群持平,1 群有所增长,5 群消失,这不容乐观的状况给 我们保护敲响了警钟。此外,基于以前的研究结果,暗针叶林、针阔混交林和栎 树林均为其适宜生境,夏季高山牧场则是由当地居民为放牧而砍伐、焚烧高海拔 带的暗针叶林而形成的林间空地。我们使用了1997 年的卫星影像和1958 年的航 拍地图来估算适宜生境和夏季高山牧场的面积。结果表明;1)在1997 年,黑白 仰鼻猴的适宜生境面积为4169 km2,夏季高山牧场的面积为1923 km2。2)在近 40 年中,黑白仰鼻猴的适宜生境面积下降了31%(约1887 km2),而夏季高山牧 场的面积则增加了204%(约1291 km2)。3)森林斑块的平均面积从15.6 km2 下降到5.4 km2。此外,夏季高山牧场的面积与当地居民的人口数量增长之间呈 正相关关系 (R2 ≥ 0.53,p < 0.05)。除非当地居民的人口数量增长模式或者传统 的生产生活方式发生改变,这种破碎化趋势将继续下去。 从1999 年三月至2000 年十二月对云南塔城(99o18’E, 27 o36’N, 活动范围在 2,700 – 3700 m asl)的一群黑白仰鼻猴收集了食性和时间预算的数据。通过状态 行为扫描的方式,主要记录了树冠中单雄组食用植物种类—部位。同时用显微镜对每个月的粪便样本进行了显微分析,以此作为食性的补充数据。仰鼻猴食用属 于28 科、42 属的59 种植物,共计90 个食用的植物种类—部位,其中冬季利用 21 个植物种类—部位,春季38 个,夏季39 个,秋季47 个。另一方面,该群年 平均花费日活动时间的35%进食,33%休息,15%移动,13%社会行为。日活 动时间预算分配、摄食不同食物类别的时间、粪便中食物残留物及食用植物种 类―部位的数目存在着季节性变化。食物种类与时间分配之间和之内的相关显然 是为了最大化觅食效率与最小化能量消耗。考虑到来自北面与南面的群的相关报 道,这个种对生境的适应性似乎与其他疣猴没什么区别,并无特化之处。因此, 这个种的最终生存预期要比以前乐观。 我们利用整个塔城猴群沿地面通过开阔地或喝水的机会,使我们能记录野外 种群的大小和组成(如性比等)以及通过分析依次经过个体间的时间间隔以量化 反映社会组织单元之间和之内的空间距离,用统计分析的方式来量化描述社会组 织的模式,发现塔城猴群由9 个单雄单元(OMUs)、5 个多雄单元(MMUs)和2 个全雄单元(AMUs)组成, 单雄单元、多雄单元和全雄单元内的个体分别约占 总数的58%、34%和8%,无论在开阔峡谷地域或水潭旁,单元内的时间间隔显 著短于单元间的时间间隔(开阔峡谷地域:非配对 t 检验,df = 49; p < 0.01, 水潭:非配对t 检验,df = 35; p < 0.01)。 在单雄单元的成年不等性比和成 年雌性与婴猴的比例显著大于多雄单元(开阔峡谷地域:非配对t 检验,df = 40; p < 0.05,水潭:非配对t 检验,df = 16; p < 0.05)。在全雄单元中有大量的 性别不明的未成年个体。此外,加之某些个案描述,论述了多雄单元存在的可能 性及与全雄单元和单雄单元之间的关系。
Resumo:
维生素(Vitamin)又称维他命,为“万年青”产品,是维持人体生命健康必需的一类低分子有机化合物质。维生素对人体健康的作用人们研究很多, 维生素可以增强人体对感染的抵抗力,降低出生缺陷及降低癌症和心脏病发病率等,一旦缺乏,肌体代谢就会失去平衡,免疫力下降,各种疾病,病毒就会趁虚而入;而维生素对作物影响的研究却很少。目前为止,尚无对用维生素浸种的方法来研究外源维生素是否对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长起调节作用的报道,且对其在小麦抗逆性方面影响的研究甚少,对盐的胁迫抗性研究尚未有人报道。小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)属于拒盐的淡土性作物。盐害不利于小麦生长,严重影响小麦的产量和品质。本研究采用4 种不同维生素VB1、VC、VB6、VPP,分别对供试小麦品种川育12(红皮)、川育16(白皮)小麦浸种后,在一般自然条件下和逆境(盐胁迫条件)下,进行试验。探讨在正常情况下与在不同盐浓度条件下,各维生素及盐浓度对小麦发芽及幼苗生长的影响,并且比较两种不同皮色的小麦在相同盐胁迫条件下的差异表现,同时研究维生素处理的特异性,且哪种维生素对盐害缓解作用最佳。研究结果表明:在无盐胁迫(自然)条件下,对用4 种不同维生素VB1、VC、VB6、VPP 浸种小麦川育12、川育16 后的种子萌发及幼苗生长(幼苗的根长、根重、苗高、苗鲜重)的研究结果表明:4 种外源维生素浸种均对小麦发芽有调节作用,都能提高其最终发芽率。但是提高幅度有所差异。用VB6 浸种后的小麦提高幅度最多,VC 次之,VPP 提高幅度最小。同时,4 种外源维生素浸种对小麦种子的出芽速度及芽后长势也有一定的影响。VB6、VC 处理的小麦种子出芽速度最快,萌发后长势最好;VB1 出芽速度相对较慢,VPP 最慢,但都大于对照;VB1 处理长势略高于对照,VPP 处理的小麦长势则低于对照。从整体来看,VB6、VC处理促进效应明显, VB1 次之,而VPP 在某些方面无效甚至产生负效应。此外,相同的维生素处理对不同的品种的种子萌发、生长效果也存在差异,各种维生素作用于川育12 的效应均强于对川育16。进一步对幼苗根系TTC 还原力及幼苗叶片中硝酸还原酶活性进行测定、分析。研究发现:并非所有种类的维生素对幼苗根系TTC 还原力及幼苗叶片中硝酸还原酶活性的提高都有帮助。幼苗根系TTC 还原力在不同维生素处理下存在显著差异,而与小麦品种关系甚微。经VB6、VC 处理后,根系TTC 还原力测定值均显著高于对照,VB1 不明显,VPP 则略低于对照。VB6、VC 处理的幼苗叶片中硝酸还原酶的含量大于对照,VB1 与对照相差无几,而VPP 处理的川育12 幼苗叶片中的硝酸还原酶活性比对照CK 略高,而在川育16 中则略比对照CK 有所下降,呈现出抑制效应。综上结果表明:VB6、VC 具有促进种子发芽,幼苗生长及根系生长的作用,是较好的促生长剂;VPP 具有抑制作用,是较好的抑制剂,可进一步研究、开发利用。在盐胁迫条件下,对用4 种不同维生素VB1、VC、VB6、VPP 浸种川育12、川育16 后的种子萌发及幼苗生长(幼苗的根长、根重、苗高、苗鲜重)的研究结果表明:在不同盐浓度胁迫条件下, 各处理的种子萌发及幼苗生长均受到不同程度的抑制。随着盐浓度的增加, 发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数成下降趋势;幼苗的根长、根重、苗高、苗鲜重不断降低。4 种维生素处理间也表现出较大差异。VB6、VC 在每个处理中均保持对盐害的缓解作用,VB6 较VC 更易于促进发芽及幼苗生长。最终发芽率高,根系多、长、重,苗高高、重。而VB1、VPP 则表现出抑制作用。在高盐浓度150mM 时,4 种维生素浸种后的种子,其最终发芽率均不能达到40%,但VB6、VC 处理最终发芽率、苗重、根重均高于对照,VPP 最终发芽率、苗重、根重均低于对照。进一步对幼苗根系TTC 还原力及幼苗叶片中脯氨酸含量进行测定、分析。研究发现:不同盐浓度,不同维生素处理、不同品种间存在差异。随着盐浓度的增加(75mM,100mM,150mM),幼苗根系TTC 还原力活性成下降趋势,幼苗叶片中脯氨酸的积累量成上升趋势。VB6 处理脯氨酸含量增加最为明显,VC 次之,VPP 与对照接近,其变化幅度最小。经VB6、VC 处理后的幼苗根系还原强度,在不同盐浓度下,测定值均显著高于对照,VB1 不明显,VPP 则低于对照,产生负效应。此外,品种间表现不尽相同,相同的维生素处理,相同的盐浓度对不同的品种的种子萌发、生长效果也存在差异, 4 种维生素对川育16 的作用均强于川育12,但其影响趋势是一致的。说明VB6、VC 具有耐(抗)盐性,可以促进种子发芽和幼苗生长,是较好的耐(抗)盐拌种剂。 Vitamin is one kind of necessary low molecular compound for humans tosustain health and life. Lots of Studies have been done on the effectc of the vitaminsfor people. Vitamin can help people improve the body's natural resistance to disease,Drop the rate of birth defects、cacers and the incidence of the heart diseases. Ifpeople have less of them, the metabolism of the organism may throw off balance,immunity may drop off, and catch disease; Though the effects for Vitamin to thecrops are limited. up to now, there’s no one use soking seeds of wheats with vitaminsas a method, to study on how the effects will happen on the wheat seed germinationand seedling growth, and there are only few reserches on antireversion force forwheats ,none for the antireversion force in Sault stress condition.Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is sensitive to the salt, so the salt damage will doharm to wheat’s growth, it will have an unfavorable impact on the output and thequality of wheat.On this reaserch, we Soaking CHY12(red)、CHY16 (white) wheat seeds withVitamin C, B1, PP, B6 (50mg/L) as a pretreatment first. Then under two condition: one is in the normal environment the other is in different Salinity, we begin ourexperiments. Then disscuss on if the vitamin and salinity affect the wheat seedgermination and seedling growth, and what is the different between the two of them,the result shows that:Under the normal condition, after soaking seeds with VB1、VC、VB6、Vpp,we study on the their seed germination and the seeding growth(the root length andweights, The seedling heights and weights), it shows that all of those four kinds ofvitamin can adjust the seed germination, but different in The growth rate. VB6 isbest for increase, VC comes second,VPP is the worst. Meanwhile, those four vitaminalso have effect on the speed of the sprouting of the wheat. VB6、Vc can faster theseed germination most, and the seedlings are all doing well; VB1 do little effects onthe budding, Vpp is the worst, but all treatments are better than CK; but in Vi, VB1some what above the CK, while VPP lower than that. On the whole, the acceleratingeffect of VB6、VC are obvious, VB1 takes second place, but VPP in some aspects arenoneffective even have negative effect. Furthermore, different kind of seeds with thesame vitamin may different in seed germination and seedling growth, four vitaminson CHY16 is better than CHY12.More studies on TTC reductive capacity of roots and the activity of nitratereductase in the leaves, the reasult shows not all the vitamin can help the seedlings toimprove the TTC reductive capacity and the activity of nitrate reductase. TTCreductive capacity in different treatments shows significant differences,but notcorrelate to the variety of the wheat. The TTC reductive capacity of VB6、Vctreatments are all higher than CK, VB1 is nearly the same as CK, VPP is a littlelower than CK. Through the study of acivity of nitrate reductase, it shows that,VB6、VC are higher than CK ,VB1 is nearly the same as CK also, VPP is a little higher inthe CK of CHY12 but lower in CHY16. Through all the results above: VB6、Vc helpthe wheat seed germination, seedling growth and the growth of roots, is theperfectable factor of stimulating the growth; Vpp is a inhibition, that’ll be furtherreserch,and well develop and utilize in the future.Under the different Salinity condition, after soaking seeds with VB1、VC、VB6、Vpp,we study on the their seed germination and the seeding growth(the root lengthand weights, The seedling heights and weights), it shows that: under differentsalinity, the seed germination and the seedling growth of any treatment are inhibited.With the increase of the concentration, the germination rate, Vi、Gi all had fallen; theroot length and weight, the seedling heights and weights steadily sank down. There are also have pronounced difference between all treatments with four differentvitamins.VB6、VC in all treatments are alleviative the salt damage, VB6 is easier tocause to put forth buds than VC, and it’s quantitative value is the highest in theultimate germination rate, in root and seedlings’ hight and weight. Though the VPP、VB1 are seems to inhibite its growth. Under the high concentration150mM Nacl, theultimate germination rate in all treatments are below the 40%, but VB6、VC’squantitative values in any experiments are higher than CK,while VPP lower thanCK.Then we study on the TTC reductive capacity of roots and the content of Polinein leaves, the result shows that between the different salinity, different vitamintreatments, different varieties of the wheat have discrepancy.along with theincreasing concentraion of the salinity(75mM,100mM,150mM),TTC reductivecapacity of roots decreases, the accumulation of the content of Poline in leaves havean upward trend. The increase of VB6’s treatment are obviously, VC comessecond,VPP is nearly come up with CK, changes a little. In TTC reductive capacity of roots’s reserch, VB6、VC are higher than CK at any time,VB1 is not palpable,VPP is lower than CK, makes negative affect on wheat. In addition, varieties of thewheats are remain different, no matter it shows promoting or inhibiting, all fourvitamins have moreobvious effects on CHY16 than CHY12, but the tendency of theeffection are the same. It is say that VB6、VC can help wheat to standwith the saultwell, and promot in growth,they are the better reagent to mix with the seed.
Resumo:
介绍了回旋加速器高频单D型盒D电路Q值的计算与测量方法。重点对Q值的理论计算进行推导,并对计算原理进行说明。然后对计算结果和测量结果进行比较。得出的计算和测量结果基本吻合。误差产生的主要原因是计算过程中的近似和短路片接触电阻的取值,其中短路片接触电阻是一个重要因素,在设计腔体时应引起足够的重视。
Resumo:
为准确评价林火在大兴安岭樟子松林中的地位和作用,在大兴安岭呼伦贝尔盟莫尔道嘎林区樟子松林内,利用火疤木解析的方法,确定了3块火疤木集中的样地历史林火发生的年代及每次林火的火焰高度(h);林火强度(I)通过经验公式计算;结合样地每木调查,推算了林火发生后样地林木胸径。研究表明,3块样地自1887~1976年间共发生10次林火,h为0.46~3.32m,I为48~3690kW/m,平均林火间隔期(tMFI)约为19.8a。在樟子松林内高强度的火烧对林分生长造成破坏,迫使林分重新开始更新和演替,中度与低强度火作为一个自然选择力,排除抗火性较樟子松差的树种、灌木和杂草,加速养分循环,使存活下来的樟子松获得更大的存活与发展空间。tMFI与I成反比,因此过分干扰林火发生必将增加发生大火的可能性。
Resumo:
水稻化感品种能从根系分泌释放化感作用物质 ,长期以来 ,酚酸类物质被认为是水稻根分泌的主要化感物质 ,但这一结论常常被质疑。利用连续循环和直接树脂吸收两种方法采集典型的水稻化感品种 PI31 2 777幼苗的根分泌物 ,并用液相色谱 /质谱(L C/ MS)联用技术鉴定了根分泌物中的非酚酸类物质。结果显示 ,水稻 PI31 2 777幼苗根系能分泌释放 7-甲氧基羟基肟酸、羟基肟酸、3-异丙基 - 5 -乙酰氧基环己烯酮 - 1、5 ,7,4′-三羟基 - 3′,5′-二甲氧基黄酮、二萜内酯 A和二萜内酯 B6个非酚酸类化合物。经液相色谱 (HPL C)定量分析 ,这些化合物在水稻生长 1 0 d的根分泌物中的浓度为 5~ 1 9μmol/ L。进一步的生测结果显示 ,这些化合物在其释放的浓度范围能对稻田常见的稗草和异型莎草有抑制活性 ,尤其是这些化合物的等摩尔混合物的抑草活性增加 ,同时水稻根分泌物的抑草活性与土壤载体显著相关。表明羟基肟酸、环己烯酮、黄酮和二萜内酯四类非酚酸类物质是水稻的主要化感物质 ,这与近期愈来愈多的研究结果一致
Resumo:
The biosensing application of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) was demonstrated through fabrication of an amperometric glucose biosensor. The biosensor was constructed by encapsulating glucose oxidase in the Nafion-SWCNHs composite film. The cyclic voltammograms for glucose oxidase immobilized on the composite film displayed a pair of well-defined and nearly symmetric redox peaks with a formal potential of -0.453V. The biosensor had good electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of glucose.
Resumo:
高温固相扩散方法首次合成了Zn4 B6 O1 3:Ce3+ ,Tb3+ 光致发光材料。通过XRD分析获得晶胞参数 :a =0 7472nm ,V =0 .4172nm3,为立方晶系。研究Ce3+ 和Ce3+ ,Tb3+ 在Zn4 B6 O1 3中的激发和发射光谱 ,发现Ce3+ 在Zn4 B6 O1 3中的激发和发射带比Ce3+ 在其他基质中红移2 3 8~ 4.94KK ,Ce3+ 的发射带与Tb3+ 的 7F6 → 5G2 ,5D1 ,5H7吸收带有很好的重叠 ,使Ce3+ 对Tb3+ 有良好的敏化作用。Ce3+ ,Tb3+ 在基质中的能量传递机理为 :Ce3+ →Ce3+ 和Ce3+ →Tb3+ 之间的偶极子—偶极子的电多级相互作用的共振传递机理。色坐标为 :x =0 2 81,y =0 .619。SEM摄取产物的晶貌 ,颗粒均匀 ,平均粒度为 0 .2 3 μm ,接近纳米级。