聚丁二烯红外和拉曼光谱微结构分析

本工作对聚丁二烯(PBD)进行了光谱微结构分析，主要考察了三个问题。1、PBD分子链构象对PBD红外光谱的影响本工作对高顺式(c)PBD样品进行了室温和低温(25℃和-150℃)红外光谱测定，发现高顺式PBD在低温下整个光谱吸收峰大部分峰宽变窄，峰强增加，特别是738cm~(-1)峰，在低温下位移至748cm~(-1)，峰强增加一倍多。另外还观察到低温结晶态出现802和598cm~(-1)两个吸收峰，在以前文献中未曾有过报导，我们将它们归属为顺式结构结晶峰。通过计算分峰，原来738cm~(-1)峰分成两个位于742和727cm~(-1)的子峰，在低温下，两个子峰分别位移至748和735cm~(-1)，与室温时比较，两个子峰半宽都明显变小。748cm~(-1)子峰峰强也大大增加。结构分析表明，顺式结构特征振动CH=CH面外变角与分子链的构象有密切联系，而仅式(T)和1.2(v)结构却不存在这种情况，因而967cm~(-1)(T)和911cm~(-1)(v)两特征峰低温下变化都很小。本工作认为顺式结构738cm~(-1)峰这一变化是由于顺式结构不同分子链构象所造成的。低温和室温下分峰所得的左子峰对应于最稳定构象产生的吸收，右子峰则对应于相对不稳定构象产生的吸收。同时本工作肯定了米晋瑁等人提出的红外光谱定量分析方法在高顺式样品中的适用性。2、PBD分子链序列结构对红外光谱的影响由于在非高顺式样品中存在CCC、CCT、CCV、TCV、TCT、VCV等多种序列形式，通过不同组成的PBD红外光谱分析，发现在乙烯基含量中、高的样品中，原来738cm~(-1)峰已不再存在，峰值出现在733cm~(-1)附近，而且受1.2结构部分吸收的严重影响，顺式结构CH=CH面外变角吸收已不再是顺式结构的特征峰。通过对850至650cm~(-1)光谱区的光谱解析，本工作认为朱晋瑁等人的红外光谱定量分析方法在乙烯含量中、高的样品中已不再适用。3、PBD拉曼光谱的微结构分析本工作对PBD拉曼光谱1600-1700cm~(-1)区进行了光谱测定，选择了1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)吸收峰作为T、C和V构型的特征峰，借助于景遐斌老师的计算分峰方法，对PBD样品进行微结构分析，结果表明，各吸收带拟合良好，特征峰峰位稳定，分别在1666±1、1652±1.5和1639.5±1 cm~(-1)，半峰宽变化不大，峰与峰之间相互影响很小，也就是说，我们选用的特征峰是合理的。用分峰所得的相对面积，结合~1H-NMR测得的值，建立了拉曼光谱PBD定量分析方法。用这一方法对27个不同微结构组成的PBD样品进行分析，所得结果与~1HNMR（高顺式样品与~(13)C-NMR、IR）比较，绝大部分样品一致性很好，最大偏差小于2%。本工作认为，用1666、1652和1639.5cm~(-1)碳双键伸缩振动吸收峰作为T、C和V构型特征峰进行定量分析，在理论上是合理的，在实际上是可行的。而且本方法直接使用固体样品，不经任何溶解和处理，所有计算处理在微机上即可实现，操作和计算都很方便。

Study on the forecast effects of PI method to the north and southwest China

In this paper, the codes of Pattern Informatics (PI) method put forward by Rundle et al. have been worked out according to their algorithm published, and the retrospective forecast of PI method to North China (28.0 degrees-42.0 degrees N, 108.0 degrees-125.0 degrees E) and to Southwest China (22.0 degrees-28.3 degrees N, 98.0 degrees-106.0 degrees E) has been tested. The results show that the hit rates in different regions show a great difference. In Southwest China, 32 earthquakes with M(L)5.0 or larger have occurred during the predicted time period 2000-2007, and 26 out of the 32 earthquakes occurred in or near the hot spots. In North China, the total number of M(L)5.0 or larger was 12 during the predicted time period 2000-2007, and only 3 out of the 12 earthquakes occurred in or near the hot spots. From our results, we hold that if the PI method could be applied to all kinds of regions, the parameters associated with time points and time windows should be chosen carefully to obtain the higher hit rate. We also found that the aftershocks in a strong earthquake sequence affect the PI results obviously. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Study on the forecast effects of PI method to the north and southwest China

In this paper, the codes of Pattern Informatics (PI) method put forward by Rundle et al. have been worked out according to their algorithm published, and the retrospective forecast of PI method to North China (28.0 degrees-42.0 degrees N, 108.0 degrees-125.0 degrees E) and to Southwest China (22.0 degrees-28.3 degrees N, 98.0 degrees-106.0 degrees E) has been tested. The results show that the hit rates in different regions show a great difference. In Southwest China, 32 earthquakes with M(L)5.0 or larger have occurred during the predicted time period 2000-2007, and 26 out of the 32 earthquakes occurred in or near the hot spots. In North China, the total number of M(L)5.0 or larger was 12 during the predicted time period 2000-2007, and only 3 out of the 12 earthquakes occurred in or near the hot spots. From our results, we hold that if the PI method could be applied to all kinds of regions, the parameters associated with time points and time windows should be chosen carefully to obtain the higher hit rate. We also found that the aftershocks in a strong earthquake sequence affect the PI results obviously. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Design optimization of the APF DTL in the SSC-linac

A linear accelerator as a new injector for the SSC (Separated Sector Cyclotron) of the HIRFL (Heavy ton Research Facility Lanzhou) is being designed. The DTL (Drift-Tube-Linac) has been designed to accelerate U-238(34+) from 0.140 MeV/u to 0.97 MeV/u. To the first accelerating tank which accelerates U-238(34+) to 0.54 MeV/u, the approach of Alternating-Phase-Focusing (APF) is applied. The phase array is obtained by coupling optimization software Dakota and beam optics code LINREV. With the hybrid of Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) and a pattern search method, an optimum array of asynchronous phases is determined. The final growth, both transversely and longitudinally, can meet the design requirements. In this paper, the deign optimization of the APF DTL is presented.