鲤鲫人工多倍体谱系中同工酶和蛋白的基因表达

通过对红鲤、红鲫、镜鲤、鲤鲫杂种二倍体一代 ,二代 ,鲤鲫杂种三倍体 ,鲤鲫复合三倍体 ,鲤鲫杂种四倍体一代 ,二代的同工酶及蛋白电泳谱型和扫描数据分析表明 :在鲤鲫人工多倍体谱系中 ,亲代的等位基因在杂交子代中共有四种表达模式 :( 1 )两亲本基因在子代中共同表达 ,即共显表达 ;( 2 )父本的基因表达受到部分或完全的抑制 ,即母本的基因优先得到表达 ;( 3)母本的基因表达受到抑制 ,父本的基因得到表达 ;( 4 )双亲本的基因表达均受到一定程度的抑制或都不表达。其中第一种表达模式是主要的模式。根

热休克诱导斑马鱼异源三倍体的研究

于 1 997年 5月在广东省珠海市采集斑马鱼和豹纹斑马鱼 ,采用热休克方法研究阻止第二极体排放诱导异源三倍体斑马鱼的适宜条件。按正交实验方案组合诱导参数 ,结果表明 :在卵受精后 2min ,采用 39℃持续处理 2min ,三倍化率可达 53.8% ,原肠期相对存活率为91 .0 % ,尾芽期相对存活率为 91 % ,孵化期相对存活率为 91 .1 %。本研究分析了热休克处理的参数与三倍体出现率和胚胎相对存活率的关系 ,并得出诱导参数中起始休克时间为重要因素 ,其次为持续时间和休克温度。本研究为构建人

FLUCTUATION OF SIZE-FRACTIONATED ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AFTER BLOOM DISAPPEARANCE IN TWO SHALLOW PONDS

The temporal and vertical fluctuations of size fractionated alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) and kinetics parameters as well as orthophosphate (o-P) and chlorophyll concentrations were investigated after bloom disappearance in two shallow ponds A and B from 27 October 2001 to 15 April 2002. Pond A (Microcystis) bloomed seriously but pond B did not. The data of o-P and chlorophyll suggested that phosphorus was the principal limiting nutrimental element and its vertical flux should be regarded as an important driving factor for algal growth. In pond A, the accumulation of algae-derived detritus after bloom disappearance in overlying water stimulated excretion of algal fraction APA, mainly produced by attached bacteria responsible for detritus decomposition, whereas bacterial fraction APA preferred to function in surface water. Interestingly, completely contrary phenomena were observed in pond B. In season, even though no obvious difference for size-fractionated APA in both ponds, the total APA in pond A peaked earlier showing higher activity and efficiency (low K-m and high V-max values) as a result of algal-derived detritus input. In summary, it is suggested that the excretion of alkaline phosphatase with strongly catalyzing efficiency and high activity should be taken as important contributor to algal-derived detritus decomposition, further fueling nutrient recycle and accelerating algal development next year. Furthermore, some inhibitors and surfactants were testified to be good tools to identify the origin of dissolved alkaline phosphatase.

Unusual temperature-dependent optical properties of self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dots at high excitation power

The temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) properties of InAs/GaAs self-organized quantum dots (QDs) have been investigated at high excitation power. The fast redshift of the ground-state and the first excited-state PL energy with increasing temperature was observed. The temperature-dependent linewidth of the QD ground state with high carrier density is different from that with low carrier density. Furthermore, we observed an increasing PL intensity of the first excited state of QDs with respect to that of the ground state and demonstrate a local equilibrium distribution of carriers between the ground state and the first excited state for the QD ensemble at high temperature (T > 80 K). These results provide evidence for the slowdown of carrier relaxation from the first excited state to the ground state in InAs/GaAs quantum dots.

Optical transitions in cubic GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on GaAs (100) substrate

Photoluminescence measurements have been performed on cubic GaN films with carrier concentration as low as 3 x 10(13) cm(-3). From the temperature and excitation intensity dependence, the emission lines at 3.268, 3.150 and 3.081 eV were assigned to the excitonic, donor-acceptor pair, and free-to-acceptor transitions, respectively Additionally, we observed two additional emission lines at 2.926 and 2.821 eV, and suggested that they belong to donor-acceptor pair transitions. Furthermore, from the temperature dependence of integral intensities, we confirmed that three donor-acceptor pair transitions (3.150, 2.926, and 2.821 eV) are from a common shallow donor to three different accepters. The excitonic emission at 3.216 eV has a full-width-at-half-maximum value of 41 meV at room temperature, which indicates a good optical quality of our sample.

Interaction of linear waves with an array of infinitely long horizontal circular cylinders in a two-layer fluid of infinite depth

The linear water wave scattering and radiation by an array of infinitely long horizontal circular cylinders in a two-layer fluid of infinite depth is investigated by use of the multipole expansion method. The diffracted and radiated potentials are expressed as a linear combination of infinite multipoles placed at the centre of each cylinder with unknown coefficients to be determined by the cylinder boundary conditions. Analytical expressions for wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, reflection and transmission coefficients and energies are derived. Comparisons are made between the present analytical results and those obtained by the boundary element method, and some examples are presented to illustrate the hydrodynamic behavior of multiple horizontal circular cylinders in a two-layer fluid. It is found that for two submerged circular cylinders the influence of the fluid density ratio on internal-mode wave forces is more appreciable than surface-mode wave forces, and the periodic oscillations of hydrodynamic results occur with the increase of the distance between two cylinders; for four submerged circular cylinders the influence of adding two cylinders on the wave forces of the former cylinders is small in low and high wave frequencies, but the influence is appreciable in intermediate wave frequencies.

Continuous-flow polymerase chain reaction microfluidics by using spiral capillary channel embedded on copper

This paper presents a novel method for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification by using spiral channel fabricated on copper where a transparent polytetrafluoroethylene ( PTFE) capillary tube was embedded. The channel with 25 PCR cycles was gradually developed in a spiral manner from inner to outer. The durations of PCR mixture at the denaturation, annealing and extension zones were gradually lengthened at a given flow rate, which may benefit continuous-flow PCR amplification as the synthesis ability of the Taq polymerase enzyme usually weakens with PCR time. Successful continuous-flow amplification of DNA fragments has been demonstrated. The PCR products of 249, 500 and 982 bp fragments could be obviously observed when the flow rates of PCR mixture were 7.5, 7.5 and 3.0 mm s(-1), respectively, and the required amplification times were about 25, 25, and 62 min, respectively. Besides, the successful segmented-flow PCR of three samples ( 249, 500 and 982 bp) has also been reported, which demonstrates the present continuous-flow PCR microfluidics can be developed for high-throughput genetic analysis.

LPCVD Growth of 3C-SiC on Si Mesas and SiO2/Si Substrates for MEMS Applications

This paper presents the development of LPCVD growth of 3C-SiC thin films grown on Si mesas and thermally oxidized SiO2 masks over Si with an area of 150 × 100μm^2 and SiO2/Si substrates. The growth has been performed via chemical vapor deposition using SiH4 and C2H4 precursor gases with carrier gas of H2. 3C-SiC films on these substrates were characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction （ XRD ）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （ XPS ）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and room temperature Hall effect measurements. It is shown that there were no voids at the interface between 3C-SiC and SiO2.

径向三重流MOCVD反应器输运过程的数值模拟

对径向三重流MOCVD反应器的输运过程进行了二维数值模拟研究.在模拟计算中,分别改变反应腔几何尺寸、导流管位置、流量、压强、温度等条件,得到反应器流场、温场、浓度场的相应变化.根据对模拟结果的分析,发现反应腔内涡旋首先在流动的转折处产生,上下壁面温差的加大使涡旋增大,中管进口流量的增加对涡旋产生抑制作用,内管和外管流量的增加对涡旋产生扩大作用.得出输运过程的优化条件为:反应腔上下壁靠近,导流管水平延长,中管进口流量尽量大于内、外管流量,压强尽量低于105Pa,上下壁面温差尽量减小等.

基于PAR的算法形式化开发

形式化方法是构建可信软件的重要途径.基于对算法问题的分析,针对形式化方法PAR开发算法的特征,刻划了问题分划、递推关系构造方面的规律.从一类问题的形式化功能规约出发,可机械地完成问题的分划及规约的变换,自然地揭示出求解问题的算法思想,在相关工具的支持下自动生成算法程序.研究结果将算法设计中尽可能多的创造性劳动转化为非创造性劳动,降低了形式化求解算法问题的难度,提高了算法程序的可靠性和形式化开发效率.