饵料鱼大小对乌鳢捕食的影响

测量了乌鳢口裂形态,以泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)作为饵料鱼,估算了不同规格乌鳢的摄食率,研究了饵料鱼大小对乌鳢捕食的影响。乌鳢口宽(MW,cm)、口高(MH,cm)和口面积(MA,cm2)与其全长(TL,cm)的回归方程分别为:MW=1.65e0.0242TL;MH=1.64e0.022TL;MA=2.12e0.0462TL。当水温保持在22~23℃时,4个规格组的乌鳢对泥鳅的摄食率无显著的差别(ANOVA,P>0.05),均值为1.68%。乌鳢对泥鳅的捕食具有明显的大小

鱼类洄游通道恢复——国外的经验及中国的对策

简要介绍了鱼类洄游和鱼类洄游通道恢复的概念及类型。从法律与政策、资金筹措、恢复方法、恢复效果监测评估、信息交流与公众参与等5个方面介绍了欧盟、美、日、澳大利亚等国在鱼类洄游通道恢复方面积累的先进经验和成功实践,并在此基础上提出了我国鱼类洄游通道恢复应采取的对策:开展鱼类洄游通道恢复的立法和政策制定工作,加强鱼类洄游通道恢复工作的法律保障力度;开展流域阻碍鱼类洄游的障碍物调查和影响评价,制定流域鱼类洄游通道恢复规划;探索建立和完善多元化投入机制;加强鱼类洄游通道恢复研究能力建设,建立科学的技术支撑体系;开展

长江中下游部分湖泊沉积物碱性磷酸酶分布及其作用研究

沉积物磷负荷在湖泊富营养化的发生与恢复过程中具有关键作用,其释放受物理、化学与生物机制调节,而碱性磷酸酶催化有机磷的矿化,故当为促进沉积物磷循环的重要因素。本文讨论了长江中下游部分湖泊沉积物碱性磷酸酶分布及其在磷释放过程中的作用。五里湖疏浚与未疏浚区以及太湖、巢湖、龙感湖、东湖、月湖、龙阳湖、莲花湖等不同湖泊的不同区域表层沉积物碱性磷酸酶活性(APA)明显不同,这种空间异质性与湖泊富营养化程度相联系。此外,APA随沉积物的深度递减,或在中间与较深层次出现峰值,且具明显的季节性。上述事实以及APA对抑制剂的

A novel technique for predicting ionizing radiation effects of commercial MOS devices

A nondestructive selection technique for predicting ionizing radiation effects of commercial metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices has been put forward. The basic principle and application details of this technique have been discussed. Practical application for the 54HC04 and 54HC08 circuits has shown that the predicted radiation-sensitive parameters such as threshold voltage, static power supply current and radiation failure total dose are consistent with the experimental results obtained only by measuring original electrical parameters. It is important and necessary to choose suitable information parameters. This novel technique can be used for initial radiation selection of some commercial MOS devices.

Transfer and detection of single electrons using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors

A single-electron turnstile and electrometer circuit was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. The turnstile, which is operated by opening and closing two metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) alternately, allows current quantization at 20 K due to single-electron transfer. Another MOSFET is placed at the drain side of the turnstile to form an electron storage island. Therefore, one-by-one electron entrance into the storage island from the turnstile can be detected as an abrupt change in the current of the electrometer, which is placed near the storage island and electrically coupled to it. The correspondence between the quantized current and the single-electron counting was confirmed.

Theoretical analysis of modal gain in p-doped 1.3 mu m InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers

A theoretical study of modal gain in p-doped 1.3 mu m InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) lasers is presented. The expression of modal gain is derived, which includes an effective ratio that describes how many QDs contribute to the modal gain. The calculated results indicate that the modal gain with the effective ratio is much smaller than that without the effective ratio. The calculated maximum modal gain is is a good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, QDs with lower height or smaller aspect ratio are beneficial in achieving a larger maximum modal gain that leads to lower threshold current density and higher differential modal gain. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

施肥对干旱胁迫下夏玉米根系提水的调节作用研究

以耐旱性玉米品种郑单958号为材料,采用两室分根土培装置,通过时域反射计(TDR)对上下土层土壤含水量进行控制和观测,研究施肥对干旱胁迫条件下玉米根系提水作用的影响.结果表明,玉米根系在土层上干下湿条件下(即上下层土壤存在一定水势差时)存在明显提水作用;玉米根系提水量在整个生育期呈单峰变化,并以吐丝期最大;上层土壤施肥可以调节玉米根系提水作用强弱,整个生育期根系总提水量表现为NP配施>单施P>CK>单施N,NP配施处理全生育期单株提水量(1 948.6 g)分别是单施P处理、CK和单施N处理的1.5倍、3.1倍和3.5倍.玉米整个生育期根系总提水量与收获期不同层次根系干重和体积存在极显著正相关关系,也与其地上部分生物量和籽粒产量呈极显著或显著正相关关系.可见,玉米根系的提水作用强弱因生育期和施肥处理而变化,施肥主要通过影响根系生长来调节其提水作用;在一定水分环境条件下,玉米根系提水作用能促进作物生长,提高其籽粒产量.

俄罗斯沙棘优良品种引种试验研究

三北"地区和黄土高原是中国沙棘亚种的分布中心,现已有大面积人工沙棘林,但其果小、刺多,产果量低,采果难。为此,作者于1997~2006年承担水利部"948"沙棘引进项目,以解决该地区沙棘优良品种缺乏问题。通过8年试验研究,引进俄罗斯大果无刺沙棘优良品种、类型40余种,分别在"三北"和黄土高原地区的7个主要试验基地进行引种试验,从中初步筛选出效果较好的9个优良品种、类型。它们生长发育良好,抗性较强,具高产、优质特性,并已开始利用引进的俄罗斯沙棘与当地中国沙棘杂交,培育出第一代杂交种。在引种选育和对俄罗斯沙棘生物生态学特性进行试验研究的基础上,对其良种的集约栽培和繁育做了试验和示范推广工作,产生了良好的生态、经济效益。通过本项目实施,为做好沙棘引种选育工作提供了良种,这对大面积建造高产、优质人工沙棘林和沙棘果园,加速黄土高原和"三北"地区的环境治理、发展地方经济具重要意义。

Architecture research and hardware implementation on simplified neural computing system for face identification

This paper describes a special-purpose neural computing system for face identification. The system architecture and hardware implementation are introduced in detail. An algorithm based on biomimetic pattern recognition has been embedded. For the total 1200 tests for face identification, the false rejection rate is 3.7% and the false acceptance rate is 0.7%.

形状空间中模型变化的插值生成

在形状空间中,由三角形网格构成的模型可视为空间中的一个点,可以借助黎曼度量对形状空间进行操作,从而实现对模型的变换.改进了已有的操纵形状空间的方法,根据输入模型顶点的位置变化判断是否需要利用黎曼度量计算插值位置,降低了形状空间的维数,提高了运算速度.实验结果显示,混合利用线性插值和利用形状空间计算2种方法的生成模型具有良好的效果.