150 resultados para 342.62861 B171


Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

毛桃(Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)是我国普遍裁培的一种果树。在桃树致病或受伤处会有桃胶(Peach gum)分泌。在一般情况下,天然桃胶是很难溶于水的,因此限制了它的使用。本文首次通过碱溶后,以快速沉淀的方法来降低桃胶的局部结晶度,使得桃胶能较顺利地溶解于冷水中。并提出了由于桃胶对金属镁的强络合作用而影响了桃树的正常生长这一推测。 桃胶经碱溶纯化制得钠型胶,再用阳离子交换树脂处理得氢型胶。用不同的方法处理桃胶后,桃胶红外光谱的结构特征吸收方才显示出来。钠型胶具840Cm-1的红外吸收;氢型胶具890Cm-1、1730cm-1的红外吸收;甲基化后的桃胶具810Cm-1、870Cm-1、890Cm-1的红外吸收。桃胶的比旋光度为负值。核磁共振证明桃胶多糖中,α-和β-甙键共存。碱溶纯化的桃胶多糖经凝胶色谱和超速离心证明为单一物质。 桃胶多糖不具还原性。经气相层析和比色法分析,桃胶中D-葡萄糖醛酸(包括4-甲氧基-D-葡萄糖醛酸)、D-半乳糖、D-木糖、D-甘露糖、L-阿拉伯糖、L-鼠李糖含量分别为10%、30%、11%、1.3%、45%、2%。18C-NMR和甲基化分析,证明桃胶大分子链是高度支链化的。且阿拉伯糖和半乳糖在大分子结构中有呋喃环和吡喃环两种形式共存。桃胶按物理性状,可分为两种。它们仅仅是在分子量和水溶液中的粘度不同,分子量( Mw)为342.9万和416.9万,特性粘度(η)为0.425dl/g和0.866dl/g。但在化学成分及结构特征上是相似的。以甘油为增塑剂,能增加桃胶成膜后的柔韧性。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

水母雪莲(Saussurea medusa Maxim.)为多年生菊科植物,是我国珍稀药用资源。所含的主要生物活性成分是黄酮类物质,具有抗炎、镇痛、免疫抑制及抗氧化等功效。但由于水母雪莲生长环境特殊,生长缓慢,人工引种困难;加上长期掠夺性采挖,造成其野生药用资源短缺,已经不能满足市场的需求。近年来,世界上掀起了植物药开发的热潮,植物药以其天然低毒的特点倍受关注,而黄酮类化合物更是以其广谱的药理作用引人瞩目。 黄酮类化合物的合成代谢途径在植物界进化过程中很保守,黄酮类生物合成途径中的相关酶也已得到确证并进行了系统的研究。二氢黄酮醇-4-还原酶(Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, DFR)是一个处于花色素或者原花色素合成途径中的关键酶,它与黄酮合成途径中的黄酮醇合成酶(flavonol synthase)竞争底物。本研究以水母雪莲为研究对象,根据近缘物种DFR基因的保守核苷酸序列设计兼并引物,通过PCR技术,从已经建立的水母雪莲红色愈伤组织cDNA文库中筛选到一个编码该酶的cDNA序列,该序列全长1166个碱基对。根据生物信息学分析,此cDNA编码342个氨基酸;Blastp分析结果显示,该氨基酸序列与同科植物翠菊(Callistephus chinensis)的相似性最高,达87%;SWISSMODEL软件预测其蛋白的三级结构与葡萄(Vitis vinifera)的十分相似,活性中心的关键氨基酸残基也完全一致。据此可以断定,我们所得到的cDNA为编码二氢黄酮醇还原酶的基因,并命名为水母雪莲二氢黄酮醇还原酶基因(SmDFR)。为了得到SmDFR的DNA序列,我们又设计特异引物,从水母雪莲的基因组中扩增出了由1871个碱基对组成的DNA序列,该序列包含五个内含子和六个外显子。 为了提高水母雪莲和大苞雪莲中黄酮类物质的含量,我们构建了SmDFR的反义植物表达载体,利用根癌农杆菌介导进行基因转化。通过改变影响农杆菌转化的实验条件包括外植体来源、农杆菌菌株、细菌浓度、外植体预培养时间、侵染时间和乙酰丁香酮的浓度进行转基因试验,目前尚未得到转基因植株。另外,我们构建了SmDFR正义植物表达载体,通过对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana) DFR基因突变体和矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida)进行基因转化,来验证SmDFR的功能;目前,此实验尚在进行之中。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Previous studies have proposed that selection has been involved in the differentiation of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and climate was the main driving force. This viewpoint, however, gets no support from the subsequent studies and remains controversia

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Previous studies have shown that the maintenance and proliferation of undifferentiated rhesus monkey embryonic stem (rES) cells requires medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS). Due to the uncharacterized composition and variation in serum nature, the present study aimed to replace the serum-containing medium with a serum-free medium in the rES cell culture. The results showed that after the initial 48-h culture in the routinely used serum-containing medium, rES cells can grow and proliferate for a prolonged period in the serum-free medium composed of DMEM supplemented with a cocktail of BSA, IGF-1, TGF-alpha, bFGF, aFGF, estradiol, and progesterone. rES cells cultured in the serum-free medium maintained high level of alkaline phosphatase activity and OCT4 level. There was no indication of differentiation as judged by the marker gene expression of all three embryonic germ layers and trophoblast. In addition, serum-free culture would not affect the passage capacity and differentiation potential of rES cells. This work will facilitate the future study of induced differentiation of rES cells and other applications.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador: