Synthesis and thermal transitional properties of side-chain liquid crystalline polyacrylates containing para-nitroazobenzene as mesogenic groups

The synthesis and characterization of side-chain liquid crystalline (LC) polyacrylates containing para-nitroazobenzene (Pn) as mesogenic groups were described. Homopolymers with 3 and 4 carbon atoms in the spacers were non-LC polymers; for homopolymers with 6 carbon atoms in the spacer, nematic LC behavior was observed. Copolymers with acrylic acid as one component exhibited an S-Ad phase according to the WAXD results which showed the d/l of 1.4-1.54 for the copolymers with 3, 4, and 6 carbon atoms in the spacers. Considering the molecular structure as well as the WAXD results of the copolymers, the possible molecular arrangement in the smectic Sad phase was proposed, in which the smectic layers were composed of the antiparallel mesogens and the antiparallel arrangement was considered to be enhanced due to the H bond between - COOH and - NO2. The stress-induced orientational phenomena of Pn in the LC states was also discussed. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

高阶无静差采样控制系统的动态综合

本文利用“最小响应法”给出了 N≥2阶无静差采样控制系统的设计公式.作者指出:对于某类闭环控制系统,在给定阶跃响应最大超调量σ_(max)的条件下,可以找出最佳比值T/T_(T 为系统的采样周期,T_(?)为对象的不便克服的等效小时间常数之和),使系统获得相应阶最大误差系数 K_(N+1),从而可使系统达到快速精密的控制指标。为了在工程设计中应用方便,文中还给出了二至六阶无静差的σ_(max),T/T_(?),K_(N+1)T(?)最佳参数组,使得这类闭环控制系统的设计最佳化和简易化.

大气汞的自然来源研究进展

大气汞在全球汞循环中占有极其重要的地位，对大气汞的研究是近15 年来汞生物地球化学领域的热点，其中大气汞的来源又是大气汞循环演化过程研究的关键。大气汞的来源分为人为源和自然源。与人为汞源不同，大气汞的自然来源影响因素较多，对其认识的复杂性更强，进行准确的认识需进行大量的研究工作。本文综述了近十几年来大气汞自然来源的研究工作，对大气汞的各种自然来源及其影响因素进行了介绍，并对该领域未来的研究作了展望，希望能对以后的工作起一定的参考作用。