柱坐标中弱引力场的活塞问题

本文讨论弱引力场的恒星大气中的活塞问题。特别在柱坐标系中分析了气体动力学过程,外加重力和坐标曲率两者对流场的影响都进行了详细的讨论。 在弱重力的情形下,逃逸速度与气体速度或声速的比为小量。将此比值取为小参数,所有量可展开为此小参数的级数。在柱坐标中,零阶关系给出膨胀流,其中速度和声速减小;一阶关系给出外加重力的影响,使激波强度减弱,使气体内能消耗。在活塞附近,内能的消耗克服外加重力并加速气流;而在激波附近,内能和动能减少、以克服重力。

可变形管流动相似性

生理流动的相似准则因目标而异。本文解决两个问题:(ⅰ)以动脉内血液流动和管壁运动的偶合作用为目标,建立了有限长度可膨胀管内非牛顿流体非定常运动的相似准则;(ⅱ)以阻力-流量特性和流态改变为目标,分析了可坍管定常流动的相似性,实验证明所得结果是正确的。

环向加筋圆柱壳在横向冲击波作用下的动力响应

用一个均匀的单层壳作为“参考”结构,把环筋当作“外载”考虑其效应.利用“残余势”法处理流体和壳体之间耦合效应,导出了无限长、环筋等距分布圆柱壳体在计及中面有伸长和无伸长时,所有模式下的动响应表达式.方程式通过不同程度简化,能得到前人的一些结果.本文计算了两组壳体参数,绘出了相应的曲线,并比较了不同方法的结果.

Asymmetric structure of an isolated flux arch

This paper extends two-dimensional model of symmetric magnetostatic flux arches confined in stratified atmospheres (Zhang and Hu, 1992, 1993) to asymmetric models. Numerical results show that the flux structure is influenced greatly by the boundary condition of magnetic field, the force-free factor, the atmospheric pressure distribution and the position of footpoints (especially the width ratio of outlet to entrance, which differs from symmetric case).

Simultaneous measurement of temperature, density and velocity in gas-flows by modulated photoluminescence

A novel possibility to determine the temperature, density and velocity simultaneously in gas flows by measuring the average value, amplitude of modulation and phase shift of the photoluminescence excited by a temporally or spatially modulated light source is investigated. Time-dependent equations taking the flow, diffusion, excitation and decay into account are solved analytically. Different experimental arrangements are proposed. Measurements of velocity with two components, and temporal and spatial resolutions in the measurements are investigated. Numerical examples are given for N z with biacetyl as the seed gas. Practical considerations for the measurements and the relation between this method and some existing methods of lifetime measurement are discussed.

PEG化磷脂膜在蛋白质芯片表面修饰中的应用

用PEG化磷脂膜修饰蛋白质芯片的二氧化硅表面,通过调节PEG的含量,考察磷脂膜对蛋白非特异性吸附的抑制,以及对蛋白分子固定的影响。结果表明,经过PEG化磷脂膜修饰的二氧化硅表面,可以显著抑制蛋白的非特异性吸附,并通过功能化的PEG分子有效固定配基及其抗体。

高超声速乘波飞行器气动特性研究(英文)

用计算流体力学和风洞试验的方法对以锥导乘波体为基础生成的高超声速乘波飞行器的气动性能进行了研究。结果表明,以马赫数6,攻角4度为设计状态的乘波体,在马赫数5~7,攻角4~6度的范围内,都具有良好的气动特性,升阻比接近4。最后,提出了一个简单的以参考温度方法为基础的粘性阻力分析方法。该方法配合使用风洞试验和计算流体的结果,可以用来验证计算流体中难以计算准确的粘性阻力,也可以用来分析在风洞试验难以直接得到的粘性阻力。对于工程上的粘性阻力分析是一个有用的办法。

空气分级燃烧器稳焰器降低NO_x试验研究.

三次空气分级天然气燃烧器中稳焰器可以大幅度降低不完全燃烧热损失,但却提高了 NOx 的排放浓度,其最佳工况点为天然气管与一次风管、二次风管和三次风管的流通 面积之比为1 ∶5. 51 ∶1. 92 ∶3. 97 及天然气管与一次风管、二次风管的插深之比为 1 ∶0. 75 ∶0. 208 3 。试验表明,稳焰器的安装位置影响NOx 的排放量,烟气中NOx 最 低排放量为24. 26 mg/ m3 。

双频激光干涉仪的最大可测量速度研究

现代制造业对双频激光干涉仪的最大可测量速度提出了越来越高的要求。最大可测量速度是双频激光干涉仪的一项重要指标，它主要受双频激光光源所输出的频差、干涉仪的光学结构以及电子带宽等因素的限制。本文从理论和实验两方面对干涉仪的最大可测量速度进行了研究，搭建了基于自由落体运动的实验装置。实验结果表明，实际最大可测量速度略低于其理论值。另外，文中还分析了上述三种因素对最大可测量速度的影响。实验装置和结果可供工业应用提供参考。

Microstructure and laser-induced damage threshold of ZrO2 coatings dependence on annealing temperature

ZrO2 coatings were deposited on different substrates of Yb:YAG and fused silica by electron beam evaporation. After annealed for 12 h at 673 and 1073 K, respectively, weak absorption of coatings was measured by surface thermal lensing (STL) technique, and then laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) was determined also. The crystalline phase of ZrO2 coatings and the size of the crystal grain were investigated by X-ray diffraction. It was found that microstructure of ZrO2 coatings was dependent on both annealing temperature and substrate structure, and coatings containing monoclinic phases had higher damage threshold than others. Due to the strong absorption of Yb:YAG, damage threshold of coatings on Yb:YAG was much less than that on fused silica. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.