362 resultados para 2 Samuel 7
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用超细Sephadex G-75凝胶色谱和C4反相高效液相色谱从竹叶青(Trimeresurus stejnegeri)蛇毒中分离纯化5种磷脂酶A_(2),并分别命名为PLA_(2)-Ⅰ(SWISS-PROT,P82892)、Ⅱ(SWISS-PROT,P82893)、Ⅲ(SWISS-PROT,P82894)、Ⅳ(SWISS-PROT,P82895)、Ⅴ(SWISS-PROT,P82896)。SDS-PAGE测定它们的分子量分别为14.0、15.8、15.0、14.0和14.0kDa。等电聚焦电泳测得PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ呈碱性,等电点大于8.8;PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ呈酸性,等电点分别为5.2和4.7。PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ有水解卵磷脂活性。用自动Edman降解法测定了PLA_(2)-Ⅴ的全部氨基酸序列和PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的N-端部分氨基酸序列。PLA_(2)-Ⅴ由122个氨基酸残基组成,有14个Cys,并与其它来源的PLA_(2)的氨基酸序列进行了比较。
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鲢、鳙放养使微型生态系统的水柱氮、磷浓度和磷的分布发生了明显的变化。至实验结束时,各实验组的水柱颗粒磷、总磷和氨氮浓度都比对照组高,而正磷酸盐浓度和沉积物磷的量均低于对照组。这种变化以鳙单养系统为最大,其次是鲢、鳙混养系统,鲢单养系统的变化最小。微型生态系统中正磷酸盐浓度同浮游动、植物密度和初级生产力显著相关,氨氮浓度同所述变量之间的相关关系则多半与正磷酸盐相反。实验观测期间浮游植物密度与总磷浓度之间存在营养级联假说所预见的下行影响,实验结束时二者之间却有上行影响的趋向。根据实验观测结果认为,微型生态系统
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<正> 在前文的基础上,用~(59)CO~2+Cl_2·6H_2O加D_2O作为样品,在200MHz谱仪上观察~1H,在400MHz谱仪上观察~(35)Cl,研究强顺磁离子~(59)Co~2+(s=3/2,I=7/2)在外加直流磁场H_0作用下,它对~1H与~(35)Cl的NMR影响。因为强顺磁离子~(59)Co~(2+)的电子自旋(s=3/2)是围绕着核旋转的,因此可以统计平均计算,
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以采自陕西杨陵和安塞的2个1年生酸枣幼苗为材料,采用盆栽称重控水法研究了中度和重度土壤干旱胁迫对它们生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明,不同程度的水分胁迫均使2种源酸枣新生侧枝长度受到极显著抑制,其苗高和基径也受到一定程度抑制,同时分别使叶片相对含水量和水分饱和亏有一定程度的降低和升高;2种源酸枣叶片的叶绿素a含量在各水分胁迫均极显著降低,它们的总叶绿素含量也在重度干旱下显著降低;随土壤干旱胁迫时间的延续,2种源酸枣叶片保护酶SOD、CAT、APX活性上下波动,其脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量逐渐升高,而超氧阴离子含量在较低水平下波动,丙二醛含量逐渐降低。杨陵酸枣在土壤水分较好的条件下表现良好,而安塞酸枣则具有更强的适应旱生能力。研究发现,在不同程度的土壤干旱胁迫下,2个种源酸枣的生长均受到一定程度的抑制,但它们均能调节自身的保护酶系统活性和渗透调节物质含量来减轻干旱伤害,维持植物体的正常生理代谢功能,表现出较强的抗旱耐旱能力。
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聚合物的结构决定了它的分子链的运动,分子链的运动又可表征聚合物的结构,而且聚合物的宏观性质又受到它的微观运动的影响。因此有目的地开发各种聚合物材料,充分利用其独特的性质,都离不开研究它的微观运动。这就是结构-性能-运动的关系。1,2-聚丁二烯作为一种弹性体,近十几年研究得较多,主要局限在它的链节结构(1,2-链节)与其物理机械性能的关系方面,其目的是为了弥补顺丁橡胶的不足。对于1,2-链节与其分子链的微观运动则研究得较少。然而这方面的研究对于1,2-聚丁二烯弹性体的开发和应用无疑是有益的。研究1,2-聚丁二烯的链节结构与其分子链的相互作用,首先需要选择适当的表征分子链的各种相互作用的参数。聚合物分子链的长程运动,可分为分子链内旋转运动和分子链间相互作用。其中分子链间相互作用通常用聚合物的内聚能密度表示,分子链内旋转运动决定分子链的柔顺性,而它们二者共同影响聚合物的玻璃化温度。因此实验中首先测定1,2-聚丁二烯的玻璃化温度和内聚能密度,从研究1,2-链节与1,2-聚丁二烯分子链的忌的相互作用和分子链间的相互作用着手。实验需要的1,2-聚丁二烯样品部分是用丁基锂制备的,也有别人提供的钼体系和铁体系的样品。样品的1,2-链节含量从8%至90%。主要用线膨胀法(还有DSC法及扭摆法)测定了1,2-聚丁二烯的玻璃化温度。不仅发现了1,2-聚丁二烯的玻璃化温度随1,2-链节增多而提高,而且得到了它们在玻璃化转变时的体积膨胀系数。这个系数对于后面研究分子链柔顺性是有用的。聚合物的内聚能密度是其溶解度参数的平方。实验选用特性粘数法测定1,2-聚丁二烯的溶解度参数,其中关键在于选择适当的溶剂。这方面失败的教训是由于所用的溶剂在化学结构和极性上与聚合物的相差甚大。由于这种限制,测定1,2-聚丁二烯的溶解度参数时,难以找到化学结构和极性合适且溶解度参数又相当的纯溶剂。因此按照溶解度参数理论,配制了不同溶解度参数的环已焓一甲苯混合溶剂,代替部分纯溶剂。测定结果表明,1,2-链节含量为16%的样品,其溶解度参数为8.6([卡/立方厘米]~(1/2)),其余含量较高的样品,都是8.5([卡/立方厘米]~(1/2))。用混合溶剂测定聚合物的溶解度参数还是第一资,其可靠性取决于混合溶剂的溶解度参数的准确性。根据溶解度参数理论,我们提出克分子体积相近,且无特殊的相互作用的二元混合溶剂的溶解度参数,等于它们各自的溶解度参数按体积分数的加合。环已烷和甲苯的克分子体积分别为108.7和106.8立方厘米,它们的溶解度参数的极性分量S_极 → 0,再假定混合时没有吸热效应,它们二者按体积分数加合的溶解度参数可以定量使用。用时还从三个方面进行了验证,(1)用克分子体积相差较大(分别为147.4和89.4立方厘米)的正庚焓-苯混合溶剂作为反证;(2)根据特性粘数理论,用Matsuo方程;(3)由三元(溶剂1-溶剂2-聚合物)体系的Flory-Huggins相互作用参数等,它们都证实了上面提出的混合溶剂测定1,2-聚丁二烯溶解度参数的条件。根据前面的实验结果发现,1,2-链节与1,2-聚丁二烯的玻璃化温度有关,与其内聚能密度基本无关。建么1,2-链节必定与其分子链柔顺性有关。为了更准确地说明1,2-链节对1,2-聚丁二烯分子链柔顺性的影响,需要选择表征分子链柔顺性的参数。聚合物的分子链中相互作用的直观表现是它的分子链柔顺性,而分子链的柔顺性起因于它的链状分子和分子链的内旋转运动。因此我们选用分子链内旋转的参数(内旋转势垒和内旋转异构化能)表征1,2-聚丁二烯分子链的柔顺性。目前文献报道的计算分子链内旋转异构化能的方法,大多数是根据Gibbs-DiMarzio的玻璃化转变理论。这些方法一般都比较复杂。我们提出从聚合物发生玻璃化转变时的温度和体积膨胀系数,计算分子链内旋转异构化能的简便方法。这个方法的基本出发点是认为聚合物发生玻璃化转变时的自由体积,对不同结构的聚合物并非常数,其原因在于玻璃化转变时的聚合物体积膨胀系数部分地来自于分子链构象变化的贡献。分子链内旋转引起构象变化时,分子链的内旋转异构化能也相应地变化。因此玻璃化转变时,分子链的构象变化既对聚合物的体积膨胀系数有影响,又与分子链内旋转异构化能有联系,那么此时的聚合物的体积膨胀系数,与单个分子链的内旋转异构化能必然有某种联系。若用Δα·Tg(Δα是随态和玻璃态的体积膨胀系数)表示玻璃化温度Tg下,单个分子链处于能量状态∈的几率,Ng表示相同温度下,分子链中处于相同能量状态中的柔顺链分数,按照统计力学原理得到∈=-K·TgLn((Δα·Tg)/(1-Δα·Tg))。(1)
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本文系统地研究了稀土元素的价态,半径对LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)化合物的结构、超导电性、某些性质的影响,分以下几个方面。1、LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)化合物的结构和某些性质(如氧含量、Cu~(3+)/Cu~(2+)之比值,晶胞参数、正交畸变等)均随三价稀土离子半径呈现规律性的变化。2、研究了YbBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)的合成机理,提出了不同于YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)的反应机理;研究了Ln对(YbLn)Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)结构和性质的影响。3、分析了LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) (Ln = Pr、Y)的XPS图谱,讨论了影响PrBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)超导性的原因。4、研究了Ln对(PrLn)Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)的结构及超导电性的影响,讨论了Cu-O链,Cu-O层,Cu~(3+)对超导性的贡献。5、研究了稀土取代Bi(部分)对Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O结构及超导性的影响,稀土取代只有低Tc相生成,少量稀土取代Bi可得-80k的超导电性。
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Cp2SmCl(THF) reacts with 0.5 equivalent disodium salts of trans-(+/-)-N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine give the title complex [(eta(5)-C5H5)Sm(mu-OC20H20N2O)](2)(mu-THF)(THF)(2) (1). X-ray crystal determination shows that the molecule is a dimer, in which two (eta(5)C(5)H(5))Sm(mu-OC20H20N2O) units are connected via a THF oxygen and two bridging oxygen atoms of Schiff base ligands. The average Sm-C distance is 2.78(7) Angstrom, while those of Sm-O (bridging THF oxygen) and Schiff base oxygens are 2.79(3) and 2.43(4) Angstrom; respectively. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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[(Bu(t)Cp)(2)LnCH(3)](2) (Ln = Nd, Gd) react with PhC=CH to form the dimeric alkynide-bridged complexes [(Bu(t)Cp)(2)LnC=CPh](2) [Ln = Nd (I), Gd (II)]. Both compounds crystallized from toluene in the monoclinic space group C2/c. The two complexes are homologous, composed of asymmetric metal-alkynide bridges with Nd-C, Gd-C (alkynide) bond lengths of 2.602(4), 2.641(5) (I) and 2.532(6), 2.601(7) Angstrom (II), respectively. The average Nd-C (ring) and Gd-C (ring) distances are 2.746(13) and 2.703(19)Angstrom.
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Three new oxides Sm2SrCo2O7, Sm2BaCo2O7 and Gd2SrCo2O7 have been synthesized successfully by solid state reaction mathod. The X-Ray diffraction spectra show that they are all isostructural with Sr3Ti2O7, and Ln(2)SrCo(2)O(7)(Ln=Sm,Gd) crystallized in tetragonal system, Sm2BaCo2O7 in orthrhombic system. The Co-O bonds in CoO2 planes of Ln(2)SrCo(2)O(7) are shorter than those of LnSrCoO(4)(Ln=Sm, Gd), and so their delectrons are more delocalized and their electrical resistivities are smaller. The electrical resistivities versus temperature in the range 300 similar to 1100K showed that the five brides show the characters of weakly localized systems. In the lower temperature range, the magnetic behaviors of Gd2SrCo2O7 and GdSrCoO4 fit Curie-Weiss law well, and the magnetic exchange reaction in CoO2 sublattices of Gd2SrCo2O7 is ferromagnetic, but that of GdSrCoO4 is antiferromagnetic. The other three oxides with Sm3+ showed complex magnetic behaviors which is perhaps related with the complexity of Sm3+.
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本文利用质量分析离子动能谱(MIKES)和电子捕获诱导解离(ECID)技术,研究了邻、间、对甲基苯酚分子在电子轰击质谱(EIMS)中产生的双电荷离子[C_7H_8O]~(2+)和[C_7H_7O]~(2+),根据测定电荷分离反应的动能释放值T和由此计算出的两电荷间距R,推测出过渡态的结构,双电荷离子的ECID谱对三种异构体的区分提供了一定的信息。
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In this paper the electrochemical properties of isopolymolybdic anion thin film modified carbon fibre (CF) microelectrode prepared by simple dip coating have been described. The modified electrode shows three couples of surface redox waves between + 0.70 and - 0.1 V vs. sce in 2 M H2SO4 solution with good stability and reversibility. The pH of solution has a marked effect on the electrochemical behaviour and stability of the film, the stronger the acidity of electrolyte solution is, the better the stability and reversibility of isopolymolybdic anion film CF microelectrode will be. The scanning potential range strongly influences on the electrochemical behaviour of the film. The isopolymolybdic anion film prepared by the dip coating resulting a monolayer with estimated surface concentration (F) 2.8 x 10(-11) mol cm-2. From the half-peak widths and peak areas of the surface redox waves of the film electrode, the first three surface waves are corresponding to two-electron processes. The electron energy spectra show the products by six electrons reduction are a mixture of Mo(VI) and Mo(V) species. The electrochemical reaction of the isopolymolybdic anion monolayer can be expressed as Mo8O264- + mH+ + 2ne half arrow right over half arrow left [HmMo8-2n(VI)Mo2n(V)O26](4,2n-m)-n = 1, 2, 3; m = 2, 5, 7.
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用X-射线单晶衍射法测定了硝酸镧与冠醚(2,2)配合物的晶体结构,发现其具有与报道的Eu(NO_3)_3(2,2)配合物不同的配位方式.晶体属于三斜晶系,空间群P(?),晶胞参数为a=10.312(2)(?);b=12.745(3)(?);c=8.917(2)(?);α=103.79(2)°;β=112.73(2)°;γ=83.68(2)°;V=1049.5(5)(?)~3;F(000)=587.88;Z=2.结构用重原子法解出;R值为0.0292.用INDO法计算了配合物的净电荷分布,电子结构、键级.结果表明,镧与配位原子间的键具有一定程度的共价性.镧的5d轨道对共价性的贡献最大,而4f轨道基本上不参与成键.La-N比La-O(醚)间存在较强的作用,增大了配合物的稳定性.
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随着固体激光晶体材料的迅速发展,紫外和短波激光材料越来越引起人们的极大兴趣,使得围绕低价稀土离子的研究工作异常活跃。En~(2+)4f~7组态内f→f跃迁发射有可能实现激光振荡,Eu~(2+)激活并可产生锐峰发射的若干晶体,储能高,阈值低,是有前景的短波固体激光材料。为了探索新的紫外固体激光材料,本文采用坩埚下降法生长了KZnF_3:Eu~(2+)晶体,
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The reaction of GdCl3 with 1 equiv of NaC5Me5 generates a neutral complex C5Me5GdCl2(THF)3 and a novel complex {Na(mu-2-THF)[(C5Me5)Gd(THF)]2(mu-2-Cl)3(mu-3-Cl)2}2.6THF whixh recrystallizes from THF in triclinic, the space group P1BAR with unit cell dimentions of a 12.183(4), b 13.638(6), c 17.883(7) angstrom, alpha-110.38(3), beta-94.04(3), gamma-99.44(3)-degrees, V 2721.20 angstrom-3 and D(calc) 1.43 g cm-3 for Z = 1. Least-squares refinement of 2170 observed reflections led to a final R value of 0.047. The title complex consists of two Na(mu-2-THF)[(C5Me5)Gd(THF)]2(mu-3-Cl)3(mu-3-Cl)2 units bridged together via two mu-2-THF to Na coordination. Each Gd ion is surrounded by one C5Me5 ligand, two mu-3-Cl, two mu-2-Cl and one THF in a distorted octahedral arrangement with average Gd-C(ring) 2.686(33), Gd-mu-2-Cl 2.724(7), Gd-mu-3-Cl 2.832(8) and Gd-O 2.407(11) angstrom. The sodium ion coordinates to two bridging THF, two mu-2-Cl and two mu-3-Cl to form a distorted octahedron with average Na-mu-2-O, Na-mu-2-Cl and Na-mu-3-Cl of 2.411(21), 2.807(15) and 2.845(12) angstrom, respectively.
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The electronic structure and bond character of europium nitrate complex with azacrown (2, 2)(1, 7, 10, 16-tetraoxa-4, 13-diazacyclooctadecane), [Eu(NO_3)_2(2, 2)] NO_3, have been studied by means of XPS and INDO method. The data of electronic binding energies and charge distribution of atoms in the complex showed that chemical shift of less electronegative nitrogen N1s binding energy was larger than that of more electronegative oxygen O1s binding energy in coordinating atoms, and that charge transfer from N...