28.7MeV/u的~(14,16,18)O+~(7,9)Be反应中的同位素分布研究

用同位旋相关的Boltzmann Langevin方程研究了在入射能量为2 8 7MeV/u下 ,不同弹核 14O ,16 O和 18O轰击不同靶核 7Be和 9Be的反应 ,计算了生成碎片的产生截面 ,发现用丰中子 (缺中子 )炮弹或丰中子 (缺中子 )靶进行反应 ,所得到的产物均有丰中子 (缺中子 )的碎片出现 .同位素分布宽度和峰位与入射体系密切相关 ,产生碎片的电荷数越接近入射弹核的电荷数 ,则同位素分布的宽度越大 ,峰位偏离β稳定线值越远 ,其同位旋效应越明显 .

质子滴线核~(12)N在~(28)Si靶上的核反应总截面测量

描述了 5 0 .4MeV/u的12 N和 42 .3MeV/u的13 N次级放射性束在2 8Si靶上引起的核反应总截面σr 实验研究 ,结果发现12 N的反应总截面σr 比其相邻同位素核13 N有着异常的增大 .这可能是核形变及核子对效应造成的 ,试验中的测量误差也不可忽视 .利用微观Glauber模型计算了12 N在2 8Si靶上的核反应总截面 ,并与实验结果做了比较 ,发现理论计算与实验结果拟合较好

~(28)Si+~(12)C中的两体反应与全熔合反应

利用ΔE E望远镜系统测量了 1 56 3MeV2 8Si+ 12 C反应 (近对称系统 )中出射的Z =4— 1 4的产物元素的能谱和角分布 ,并由此给出了这些产物的胁变截面图 .从理论上计算了Z =4— 1 1产物的实验室系最可几动能分布E1(θ)和各元素的质心系的总动能分布Et(Z) ,指出了这些产物主要来自系统的两体反应过程 .还给出了该反应系统的全熔合截面值为 (980± 68)mb ,并指出从低能数据外推到此能量下的全熔合截面值与实验值之差主要归因于两体过程 .

Measurement of total reaction cross section for neutron-rich nucleus Li-11 on Si-28 target at medium energy

The neutron-rich nucleus Li-11 is separated by the radioactive ion beam line RIBLL at HIRFL from the breakup of 50MeV/u C-13 on Be target. The total reaction cross sections for Li-11 at energies range from 25 to 45MeV/u on Si target have been measured by using the transmission method. The experimental data at high and low energies can be fitted well by Glauber model using two Gauss density distribution. The matter radius of Li-11 was also deduced.

Investigation of two-proton emission from excited states of the odd-Z nucleus P-28 by complete-kinematics measurements

An experiment to study exotic two-proton emission from excited levels of the odd-Z nucleus P-28 was performed at the National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Research-Radioactive Ion Beam Line (HIRFL-RIBLL) facility. The projectile P-28 at the energy of 46.5 MeV/u was bombarding a Au-197 target to populate the excited states via Coulomb excitation. Complete-kinematics measurements were realized by the array of silicon strip detectors and the CsI + PIN telescope. Two-proton events were selected and the relativistic-kinematics reconstruction was carried out. The spectrum of relative momentum and opening angle between two protons was deduced from Monte Carlo simulations. Experimental results show that two-proton emission from P-28 excited states less than 17.0 MeV is mainly two-body sequential emission or three-body simultaneous decay in phase space. The present simulations cannot distinguish these two decay modes. No obvious diproton emission was found.

Experimental study of the two-proton correlated emission from the excited states of Ne-17,Ne-18 and S-28,S-29

A series of experiments have been performed by complete kinematics measurements to study two-proton (2p) correlated emission from the excited states of Ne-17,Ne-18 and S-28,S-29 via the Coulomb excitation by bombarding on Au-197 target. 2p and residua coincident events were picked Out under strict conditions. Visible p-p correlations were observed. It is shown that 2p can be emitted from the high-lying excited states. 2p halo may lead to 2p emission with large spectroscopy factor for the states close to or beyond the threshold.

~(16)O + ~(28)Si全熔合激发函数研究及ΔE-E探测器系统的研制调试

ΔE-E望远镜探测器是用于重离子校反应测量的一种装置，它可以测量产物的电荷数和能量。在单路ΔE-E的基础上，我们研制了一路ΔE气体探测器和十路E金硅石垒探测器构成的多路ΔE-E望远镜探测系统。电离室窗直径为8cm，阴极到栅极距离为6cm，栅极到阳极距离为2cm，充入50的Ar(90%) + CH_4 (10%)气体，测得对~(241)Am的5.41Mev/α其能量分辩为13%。所用的十块金硅石垒探测器能量为1%左右。此系统可以同时测量22 °范围内的10个角度点，这对角分布测量将十分有利。该探测器系统对~(16)O + ~(12)C反应体的Z分辩约为6%，它可以清楚的分开C到Mg的各种元素。利用上述多路ΔE-E探测系统，我们测量了E_(16O) = 50Mev-90Mev的16_O束流轰击~RC、~(24)Mg、~(28)Si和~(32)S等四个体系校反应产物的角分布、能谱和激发函数。在测量激发函数时，我们选取能量步长为ΔE_(Lab) = 1Mev，以便观察振荡结构在角分布测量时，对于三个能量点，我们测量了5.1 °- 39 °范围内的13个角度点。由于时间限制，本毕业论文仅给出~(16)O + ~(28)Si反应的全熔合激发函数和角分布。并且运用G-M模型和Wiecki公式对全熔合截石进行了理论计算。从激发函曲线看，实验结果的平均趋势与G-M模型的理论结果符合的相当好，同时还发现了该体系全熔合截石随能量有规律的起伏，这种起伏具有公认的振荡结构和某些特征，因此这些起伏极有可能就是振荡结构

抢救“土壤水库”实为黄土高原生态环境综合治理与可持续发展的关键——四论黄土高原国土整治28字方略

现在全国上下深切关注着黄河的重大问题及其对策。其实问题的根源都出自人们对黄河流域尤其黄土高原自然资源的掠夺式开发 ,形成了“3个恶性循环”:广种薄收 ,薄收更广种 ,虽是罪魁祸首 ,但常反被忽视 ,致使生态环境脆弱 ,人民长期贫困 ;只有下游河床越淤越高 ,防洪大堤越筑越高 ,越高越险和断流历时越来越长 ,上溯速度越来越快 2个恶性循环的危害才使人惊恐。不难看出 ,这是恰与形成黄土高原自然规律完全相悖的人为地质过程的结果。可惜它还未引起人们深入充分的认识 ,难怪一向短缺一个为各家合力共识的治本对策。当今国家将经济发展的重点向中、西部转移 ,并要求重建一个山川秀美的大西北 ,黄土高原的持续开发与治理对策就显得更为举足轻重。由此其各项对策都将面临着转变观念、调整思路、实事求是地进行科学分析和抉择。笔者最近从陆地生态的发生发展及其整个地质历史演变过程的研究中发现 :“土壤水库”的发生发展及其演变是陆地生态发生发展的关键和“动力”,只要维护土壤水库的正常发展就能更好地保卫生态环境。黄土高原地区由于得天独厚的降尘堆积环境条件和持续的成壤过程 ,可使降水具有直接渗入“地下水库”的特殊功能。只要维护住高入渗土壤水库的存在就...

Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermal property of a novel supramolecular assembly: (NH42810424)(CHNO) O-[H(V)O(]2H)4(10)28(2), constructed from decavanadate and caffeine

A novel 3D supramolecular assembly constructed from decavanadate and caffeine building blocks, (NH4)(2)(C8H10N4O2)(4)[H4V10O28].2H(2)O (1), has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, H-1 NMR, V-51 NMR, TG-DTA, and single crystal X-Ray diffraction. The compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/n, a = 15.801(1) Angstrom, b = 12.914(1) Angstrom, c = 15.913(2) Angstrom, beta = 113.55degrees, V = 2976.4 (5) Angstrom(3), Z = 2, R = 0.0498 with 6818 reflections. Water molecules, ammonium ions, and caffeine act as "cement" linking the polyanions into 1D chain along the c-axis by hydrogen bonding. In compound 1, extensive hydrogen-bond contacts and strong pi-pi interactions lead to an ordered 3D supramolecular framework. TG-DTA curves indicate that the weight loss of the complex can be divided into three stages.

LaNi2和LaNi2.28储氢电极性能研究

在真空电弧炉内制备了LaNi<,2>和LaNi<,2.28>合金,在超高压下处理LaNi<,2>合金,得到了具有Laves相结构的AB<,2>型金属间化合物,采用机械合金化装置对上述铸造合金进行了球磨处理,制备了LaNi<,2.28>非晶合金粉末.利用这些合金制备储氢电极,与烧结镍阳极组成单电池,研究各种电极的充放电性能,得到如下结论:(1)LaNi<,2>和LaNi<,2.28>铸态合金电极的放电容量分别为199.4mAh/g和241.0mAh/g;(2)铸态AB<,2>合金的循环性能和放电容量高于Laves相结构的AB<,2>型合金;(3)非晶化的合金电极非常容易被活化,但循环性能和放电容量都远低于铸态合金电极.

PT-28对常见无机酸和有机酸的萃取行为研究

系统地研究了2-乙基己氧基甲基膦酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（代号PT28）对硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、高氯酸、盐酸和醋酸六种酸的萃取行为,发现PT-28对硫酸、磷酸、高氯酸和盐酸均不萃取,只对硝酸和醋酸萃取,这与中性磷氧萃取剂甲基膦酸二甲庚酯（P350）和磷酸三正丁酯（TBP）对强酸的萃取有显著的不同,并对其萃取机理进行了讨论。

Ni_(69.5)Al_(28)Y_(2.5)粉末的机械合金化

对 Ni6 9.5Al2 8Y2 .5粉末进行球磨 ,获得 Ni Al金属间化合物 .研究粉末结构与球磨时间的关系 ,探索以中间合金的形式加入稀土元素的机械合金化方法 .结果表明 ,加入稀土元素后 ,用机械合金化的方法可以生成新的金属间化合物.

PT-28在硝酸体系中萃取三价镧系元素的研究

系统研究了２－乙基已氧基甲基膦酸工（２－乙基已基）酯（代号ＰＴ－２８）在硝酸介质中萃取三价镧系元素的行为，讨论了萃取剂浓度的变化、硝酸钠的浓度及温度变化对萃取率的影响，并对ＰＴ－２８． 萃取ＨＮＯ_３的机理进行了探讨。

Evaluation of 28 marine algae from the Qingdao coast for antioxidative capacity and determination of antioxidant efficiency and total phenolic content of fractions and subfractions derived from Symphyocladia latiuscula (Rhodomelaceae)

The extracts obtained from 28 species of marine algae were evaluated for their antioxidant activity (AA) versus the positive controls butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), gallic acid (GA), and ascorbic acid (AscA). Most of the tested samples displayed antioxidant activity to various degrees. Among them, the extract of Symphyocladia latiuscula exhibited the strongest AA, which was comparable to BHT, GA, and AscA in radical scavenging activity, as shown in the DPPH (alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and higher than those of the positive controls in beta-carotene-linoleate assay system. In addition, the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction isolated from the crude extract of S. latiuscula exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in both assay systems. This fraction was further fractionated into seven subfractions (F1-F7) by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC). F1 and F4 were found to be the most effective subfractions in scavenging DPPH radical assay and in the beta-carotene-linoleate assay, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC) and reducing power (RP) for all of the extracts, fractions, and subfractions (F1-F7) were also determined. The TPC of the 28 extracts ranged from 0.10 to 8.00 gallic acid equivalents (mg/g seaweed dry weight) while the RP ranged from 0.07 to 11.60 ascorbic acid equivalents (mg center dot g(-1) seaweed dry weight). Highly positive relationships between AA and TPC as well as between AA and RP were found for the extracts and fractions, while for the subfractions F1-F7 only weak or no such relations were found. The results obtained from this study indicate that further analysis is needed of those marine algal species that contain the most antioxidant activity in order to identify the active principles.