折射率色散效应对晶体硅太阳电池反射率的影响

为了分析色散效应对晶体硅太阳电池反射率的影响,在考虑材料折射率色散效应的情况下,运用光学干涉矩阵计算了具有SiO_2单层减反射膜和MgF_2/ZnS双层减反射膜晶体硅太阳电池的反射率与波长的函数关系,并与实验结果和未考虑色散效应的计算结果进行了对比分析.结果表明:考虑折射率色散效应的计算结果与实验测量数据完全相符,而未考虑折射率色散效应的计算结果与实验测量数据相差较大,最大差值分别为21.5%和16.9%.

Mineral and chemical composition and some trace element contents in coals and coal ashes from Huaibei coal field, China

IEECAS SKLLQG

对改善环境的经济动力的探讨

对改善环境的经济动力的探讨李法云，范志平中科院沈阳应用生态研究所由于人口的增加、工业生产的发展，资源消耗在加快，我们正面临着环境污染蔓延和生态环境恶化这一环境问题的挑战。我国目前的环境状况不容乐观，森林面积仍在减少，水土流失面积也在增大，河流污染现状...

黄土丘陵林区开垦地人为加速侵蚀与土壤物理力学性质的时间变化

以子午岭土壤侵蚀与生态环境演变观测站长年观测的径流泥沙资料为基础 ,分析了林地及其开垦地不同侵蚀年限土壤的颗粒组成、>0 .2 5 mm水稳性团粒含量、抗剪强度和容重等土壤物理力学性质与土壤侵蚀强度的关系。研究结果表明 ,>0 .2 5 mm水稳性团粒含量对土壤侵蚀强度影响最大 ,其偏相关系数为 0 .972 8,其次为土壤的粗粉粒含量和抗剪强度。最后对 >0 .2 5 mm水稳性团粒含量和抗剪强度与土壤侵蚀强度的关系进行了分析 ,表明林地开垦后侵蚀第 1年和第 7年为土壤侵蚀强度加剧的转折点 ,说明了森林植被在防治黄土高原土壤侵蚀方面的作用。

The reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in BaMgSiO4 : Eu prepared in air and the luminescence of BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+ phosphor

The reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in air has been observed in a silicate matrix for the first time in BaMgSiO4:Eu prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction. Emission and excitation spectra were employed to detect the presence of Eu2+ ions in the compound and this reduction was explained by a charge compensation model proposed previously. In BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+, Eu2+ ions occupy three different lattice sites by substitution for Ba2+ ions. Eu2+ ions on Ba(1) and Ba(2) sites gave emissions at about 500 nm while that on Ba(3) site showed an emission band at 398 nm. All the emissions of Eu2+ ions in BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+ were not quenched at room temperature.

中国边缘海典型海域沉积物早期成岩过程中硫的循环

本文利用取自黄海陆架、胶州湾李村河口及南海陆坡三处不同沉积环境中的沉积物样品，用冷扩散法分析了沉积物中酸可溶硫化物（AVS）的含量，用逐级提取法分析了沉积物中黄铁矿的含量，结合沉积物中有机质、活性铁、黄铁矿硫同位素及孔隙水中常量组分离子浓度等数据，对中国不同海域沉积环境沉积物早期成岩硫循环过程中硫循环的相关问题进行了探讨。 通过对胶州湾李村河口沉积物中痕量金属活性组分与黄铁矿化金属组分的分析，结合其与硫化物的关系，探讨了沉积物中AVS向黄铁矿的转化，以及痕量金属在AVS和黄铁矿组分中的分布，与其他海域不同，李村河口沉积物中硫化物形成的控制因素为活性铁的含量。南黄海及南海沉积物中硫化物形成的控制因素为有机质的供给。通过分析黄海沉积物中活性金属的分布特征，讨论了其对环境氧化还原条件的响应，从而有助于对硫循环中硫化物分布特征的理解。通过对南海NH-1孔沉积物粒度环境敏感组分的分析，探讨了NH－1孔的沉积环境变化特征，并结合AVS、黄铁矿硫同位素、无机碳及有机质等数据，探讨了可能下部来源有机碳（甲烷）存在对硫循环的影响，及其对水合物存在的指示。

Diploid and tetraploid distribution of Allium przewalskianum Regel. (Liliaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions

Polyploidization plays an important role in generating the current high diversity of plants. Studies of distributional patterns of diploids and derivative autopolyploids have provided important insights into evolutionary processes and cryptic speciation of polyploidization within species defined on the basis of their morphology. However, few studies have been designed to examine distributions of infrageneric diploids and polyploids on the Asian Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Allium przewalskianum occurs widely on the QTP and in adjacent regions, at altitudes ranging from 2000m to 4500m. We collected a total of 844 individuals from 62 populations and determined their cytotypes over the entire distribution range of this species. Tetraploids tend to occur at high altitudes; however, the positive relationship between the ploidy and altitude was only marginally significant (P < 0.05). Contact zones between diploids and tetraploids were recorded on the eastern QTP from north to south. Four populations were found to harbor both cytotypes, but no triploid individuals. The wider distribution of tetraploids may be mainly due to their greater colonization ability in the new niches created by the Quaternary climatic oscillations in the QTP region. Our results offer a fundamental framework for studying evolutionary origins, adaptations and cryptic divergences of polyploids within this species complex based on molecular and/or ecological examinations in the future.

冀东油田柳南地区新近系油藏剩余油形成及分布规律研究

This thesis is based on the research project of Study on the Geological Characteristics and Remaining Oil Distribution Law of Neogene Reservoirs in Liunan Area, which is one of the key research projects set by PetroChina Jidong Oilfield Company in 2006. The determination of remaining oil distribution and its saturation changes are the most important research contents for the development and production modification of oilfields in high water-cut phases. Liunan oilfield, located in Tangshan of Hebei Province geographically and in Gaoliu structural belt of Nanpu sag in Bohai Bay Basin structurally, is one of the earliest fields put into production of Jidong oilfield. Focusing on the development problems encountered during the production of the field, this thesis establishes the fine geological reservoir model through the study of reservoir properties such as fine beds correlation, sedimentary facies, micro structures, micro reservoir architecture, flow units and fluid properties. Using routine method of reservoir engineering and technology of reservoir numerical modeling, remaining oil distribution in the target beds of Liunan area is predicted successfully, while the controling factors of remaining oil distribution are illustrated, and the model of remaining oil distribution for fault-block structure reservoirs is established. Using staged-subdivision reservoir correlation and FZI study, the Strata in Liunan Area is subdivided step by step; oil sand body data-list is recompiled; diagram databases are established; plane and section configuration of monolayer sandstone body, and combination pattern of sandstone bodys are summarized. The study of multi-level staged subdivision for sedimentary micro-facies shows that the Lower member of Minghuazhen formation and the whole Guantao formation in Liunan Area belong to meandering river and braided river sedimentary facies respectively, including 8 micro facies such as after point bar, channel bar, channel, natural levee, crevasse splay, abandoned channel, flood plain and flood basin. Fine 3D geological modeling is performed through the application of advanced software and integration of geological, seismic logging and reservoir engineering data. High resolution numerical simulation is performed with a reserve fitting error less than 3%, an average pressure fitting fluctuation range lower than 2Mpa and an accumulate water cut fitting error less than 5%. In this way, the distribution law of the target reservoir in the study area is basically recognized. Eight major remaining oil distribution models are established after analysis of production status and production features in different blocks and different layers. In addition, fuzzy mathematics method is used to the integreted evaluation and prediction of abundant remaining oil accumulation area in major production beds and key sedimentary time units of the shallow strata in Liunan Area and corresponding modification comments are put forward. In summary, the establishment of fine reservoir geological model, reservoir numerical simulation and distribution prediction of remaining oil make a sound foundation for further stimulation of oilfield development performance.