A shock tube method in the kinetic study of nonequilibrium ionization-recombination by rarefaction wave cooling

A shock tube method is introduced to study the ionization–recombination kinetics of high temperature gas, in which a test gas is heated and ionized by a reflected shock wave and subsequently quenched by a strong rarefaction wave reflected on the end wall of the driver section as the main cooling wave associated with a rarefaction wave incident back into region 5 when the reflected shock wave interacts with the contact surface. As the quenching rate of the strong rarefaction wave reaches 106 K/s, a nonequilibrium ionization-recombination process occurs, during which the ion recombination with electrons dominates.

板壳断裂力学

本书阐明了板壳断裂理论的基础。论证了Reissner型板壳断裂理论的科学性、经典板壳断裂理论的缺陷及在一定范围内仍具有的实用价值；介绍了作者所创意的研究Reissner型板壳断裂纹尖端场的方法等。

目录

Shape effects on the yield stress and deformation of silicon nanowires: A molecular dynamics simulation

The tension and compression of single-crystalline silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with different cross-sectional shapes are studied systematically using molecular dynamics simulation. The shape effects on the yield stresses are characterized. For the same surface to volume ratio, the circular cross-sectional SiNWs are stronger than the square cross-sectional ones under tensile loading, but reverse happens in compressive loading. With the atoms colored by least-squares atomic local shear strain, the deformation processes reveal that the failure modes of incipient yielding are dependent on the loading directions. The SiNWs under tensile loading slip in {111} surfaces, while the compressive loading leads the SiNWs to slip in the {110} surfaces. The present results are expected to contribute to the design of the silicon devices in nanosystems.

Optimization of Air Staging In A 1 Mw Tangentially Fired Pulverized Coal Furnace

This paper deals with an experimental study of air staging in a 1 MW (heat input power) tangentially fired pulverized coal furnace. The influences of several variables associated with air staging on NOx reduction efficiency and unburned carbon in fly ash were investigated, and these variables included the air stoichiometric ratio of primary combustion zone (SR1), the locations of over-fire air nozzles along furnace height, and the ratio of coal concentration of the fuel-rich stream to that of the fuel-lean one (RRL) in primary air nozzle. The experimental results indicate that SR1 and RRL have optimum values for NOx reduction, and the two optimum values are 0.85 and 3:1, respectively. NO, reduction efficiency monotonically increases with the increase of OFA nozzle location along furnace height. On the optimized operating conditions of air staging, NOx reduction efficiency can attain 47%. Although air staging can effectively reduce NOx emission, the increase of unburned carbon in fly ash should be noticed. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

空气分级燃烧炉膛壁面温度分布研究

本文在1MW切向燃烧煤粉炉试验台上进行了空气分级燃烧试验，研究了空气分级燃烧时炉膛壁面温度分布规律。试验结果表明，在空气分级燃烧时主燃区壁面温度分布相对于炉壁中心位置呈左右不对称分布，炉壁最高温度大致出现在旋转气流的上游，壁面温度分布不均匀系数为0.244；燃尽区下部壁面温度分布也呈不对称分布，最高温度出现在旋转气流的下游，壁面温度分布不均匀系数为0.106；燃尽区上部壁面壁面温度分布分布均匀。

星间激光通信中复合轴系统的带宽设计研究

星间激光通信中，由粗跟踪系统和精跟踪系统组成的复合轴系统完成了系统的大范围、高精度跟踪任务。对复合轴系统进行了基于Z变换的数字模拟以研究其带宽设计。根据计算的卫星轨迹和粗跟踪系统机械误差，得到了粗跟踪系统的带宽设计结果；给出了粗跟踪系统和精跟踪系统的配合工作关系；得到了精跟踪系统的带宽设计结果；最后研究了在中高频扰动下，复合轴系统的带宽设计。以上结果为星间激光通信中的复合轴系统控制系统设计提供了重要依据。

有限尺寸平行电极的边缘电场效应

电场分布是影响集成电光器件特性的主要因素。本丈研究了有限尺寸平行电极的电场分布，得到了其电荷分布密度、电容、电场强度的数学解析式，并分析了边缘电场效应，在此基础上得到了在集成电光器件中相邻光通道互不干扰所需的平行电极对的间隔距离。最后以单晶1×4光开关为例给出了当电极板长度为5mm、宽度为2mm、电极板间距为2mm时，离开电极板边缘3mm处的电场强度就已经降到电极板中心处的5％左右，引起的信道串扰约为0．25％，可忽略不计。

Smoothing effect in the broadband laser through a dispersive wedge

The propagation expression of a broadband laser passing through a dispersive wedge is derived on the basis of the Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral, Smoothing effects caused by the phase perturbation of the dispersive wedge on the intensity profiles are investigated in detail. The phase perturbation of the dispersive wedge induces a relative transverse position shift between the diffraction patterns of different frequency components. The relative transverse position shift is of great benefit to the fill of the intensity peaks of some patterns in the valleys of others when these patterns are overlapped and thus the smoothing effect is achieved. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Gradient force pattern, focal shift, and focal switch in an apodized optical system

In this paper, the evolution of the gradient force pattern, focal shift, and focal switch induced by a three-portion pure phase-shifting apodizer is numerically investigated in detail. The results show that the proposed apodizer may induce tunable gradient force on the particles in the focal region, focal shift, and focal switch. By adjusting the geometrical parameters of the phase-shifting apodizer, multiple traps may occur with changeable distance between them, and the shape of the optical trap also evolves evidently. More interestingly, for certain geometrical parameters of the proposed apodizer, by changing the phase shift of inner annular portion, the considerable focal shift may occur with focal switch accompanying, which is discussed to show that this kind of apodizer may be a very promising method of transporting trapped particles. © 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Intense frequency upconversion fluorescence of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped lithium-strontium-lead-bismuth glasses

Infrared-to-visible upconversion fluorescence of Er(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped lithium-strontium-lead-bismuth (LSPB) glasses for developing potential upconversion lasers has been studied under 975-nm excitation. Based on the results of energy transfer efficiency and upconversion spectra, the optimal Yb(3+)-Er(3+) concentration ratio is found to be 5:1. Intense green and red emissions centered at 525, 546, and 657 nm, corresponding to the transitions 2H_(11/2)-->4I_(15/2), 4S_(3/2)-->4I_(15/2), and 4F_(9/2)-->4I_(15/2), respectively, were observed. The quadratic dependence of the 525-, 546-, and 657-nm emissions on excitation power indicates that a two-photon absorption process occurs under 975-nm excitation. The high-populated 4I_(11/2) level is supposed to serve as the intermediate state responsible for the upconversion processes. The intense upconversion luminescence of Er(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped LSPB glasses may be a potentially useful material for developing upconversion optical devices.

Two-photon excited red upconversion luminescence of thulium ions doped GeS2-In2S3-CsI glass

We report a novel phenomenon in GeS2-In2S3-CsI chalcohalide glass doped with Tm3+ ions. Under irradiation with an 808 nm laser diode, a bright red emission centered at 700 nm is observed for the first time in this glass. The log-log correlation between integrated emission intensity and pump power reveals that a two-photon absorption process is involved in the phenomenon, suggesting that the F-3(3,2) -> H-3(6) transition of Tm3+ ions is responsible for the appearance of the red emission. The results indicate that the indium (In) based chalcohalide glass containing Tm3+ ions is expected to find applications in visible lasers, high density optical storage and three-dimensional color displays. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.