聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的强化辐射交联

以三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)为强化交联剂,对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)进行辐射交联.研究了辐照剂量、TAIC含量对交联的影响.采用DSC、WAXD、DMA等方法对交联后PBS的结晶行为、玻璃化转变、力学性能等进行了研究.结果表明随着凝胶含量的增大,PBS的结晶度和结晶温度下降,玻璃化转变温度提高.PBS的强度和模量随着凝胶含量的增大而增大,但断裂伸长率则随之降低.此外,交联的引入对PBS的热稳定性无明显影响.

Preparation of a blocked isocyanate compound and its grafting onto styrene-b-(ethylene-co-1-butene)-b-styrene triblock copolymer

The epsilon-caprolactam was used to block the isocyanate group to enhance the storage stability of allyl (3-isocyanate-4-tolyl) carbamate. The spectra of FTIR and NMR showed that blocked allyl (3-isocyanate-4-tolyl) carbamate (BTAI) possesses two chemical functions, an 1-olefin double bond and a blocked isocyanate group. The FTIR spectrum showed BTAI could regenerate isocyanate group at elevated temperature. DSC and TG/DTA indicated the minimal dissociation temperature was about 135 degrees C and the maximal dissociation rate appeared at 226 degrees C. Then the styrene-b-(ethylene-co-1-butene)-b-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) was functionalized by BTAI via melt free radical grafting. The effect of temperature, monomer and initiator concentrations on the grafting degree and grafting efficiency was evaluated. The highest grafting degree was obtained at 200 degrees C. The grafting degree and grafting efficiency increased with the enhanced concentration of BTAI or initiator.

Preparation and Physical Properties of LLDPE Grafted with Novel Nonionic Surfactants

Copolymers of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) grafted with two novel nonionic surfactants, acrylic glycerol monostearate ester (AGMS) and acrylic polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate ester (ATW-EEN80), containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups and 1-olefin double bond were prepared by using a plasticorder at 190 degrees C. To evaluate the grafting degree, two different approaches based on H-1-NMR data were proposed, and FTIR calibration was showed to validate these methods. The rheological response of the molten polymers, determined under dynamic shear flow at small-amplitude oscillations, indicated that crosslinking formation of the chains could be decreased with increasing the monomer concentration. Their thermal behavior was studied by DSC and polarization microscope (PLM): The crystallization temperature (T-C) of grafted LLDPE shifted to higher temperature compared with neat LLDPE because the grafted chains acted as nucleating agents. Water and glycerol were used to calculate the surface free energy of grafted LLDPE films.

Preparation and Characterization of Melt Grafting 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic Acid onto Pre-Irradiated Linear Low Density Polyethylene

Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was functionalized with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) by using -ray pre-irradiation in air in a twin-screw extruder. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) were used to characterize the formation of LLDPE-g-AMPS copolymers. The content of AMPS in LLDPE-g-AMPS was determined by using element analysis instrument. The effects of concentrations of monomer, reaction temperature and pre-irradiation dose on degree of grafting were investigated. The critical surface tension of LLDPE-g-AMPS was measured by using contact angle method. The influences of the degree of grafting on crystallization properties were studied by using DSC. Compared with neat LLDPE, the crystallization temperature increased about 4C, and crystallinity decreased with increasing degree of grafting. Crystallization rates of grafted LLDPE were faster than that of plain LLDPE at the same crystallization temperature.

Size-tailored synthesis and luminescent properties of one-dimensional Gd2O3 : Eu3+ nanorods and microrods

Nearly monodisperse and well-defined one-dimensional (1D) Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanorods and microrods were successfully prepared through a large-scale and facile hydrothermal method followed by a subsequent heat treatment process, without using any catalyst or template. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the samples. The size of the Gd2O3:Eu3+ rods could be modulated from micro- to nanoscale with the increase of pH value using ammonia solution. The as-formed product via the hydrothermal process, Gd(OH)(3):Eu3+, could transform to cubic Gd2O3:Eu3+ with the same morphology and a slight shrinking in size after a postannealing process.

Cinnamate-Functionalized Poly(ester-carbonate): Synthesis and Its UV Irradiation-Induced Photo-Crosslinking

A functionalized. cyclic carbonate monomer containing a cinnamate moiety, 5-methyl-5-cinnamoyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one (MC), was prepared for the first time with 1,1,1-tri(hydroxymethyl) ethane as a starting material. Subsequent polymerization of the new cyclic carbonate and its copolymerization with L-lactide (LA) were successfully performed with diethyl zinc (ZnEt2) as initiator/catalyst. NMR was used for microstructure identification of the obtained monomer and copolymers. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to characterize the functionalized poly(ester-carbonate). The results indicated that the copolymers displayed a single glass transition temperature (T-g) and the T, decreased with increasing carbonate content and followed the Fox equation, indicative of a random microstructure of the copolymer. The photo-crosslinking of the cinnamate-carrying copolymer was also demonstrated.

Synthesis and self-assembly of a novel Y-shaped copolymer with a helical polypeptide arm

novel biodegradable Y-shaped copolymer, poly(L-lactide)(2)-b-poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamic acid) (PLLA(2)-b-PBLG), was synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydride of gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate (BLG-NCA) with centrally amino-functionalized poly(L-lactide), PLLA(2)-NH2, as a macroinitiator in a convenient way. The Y-shaped copolymer and its precursors were characterized by H-1 NMR, FT-IR, GPC, WAXD and DSC measurements. The self-assembly of the PLLA(2)-b-PBLG copolymer in toluene and benzyl alcohol was examined. It was found that the self-assembly of the copolymer was dependent on solvent and on relative length of the PBLG block. For a copolymer with PLLA blocks of 26 in total degree of polymerization (DP), if the PBLG block was long enough (e.g., DP = 54 or more), the copolymer/toluene solution became a transparent gel at room temperature. In benzyl alcohol Solution, only PLLA(2)-b-PBLG containing ca. 190 BLG residues could form a gel: those with shorter PBLG blocks (e.g., DP = 54) became nano-scale fibrous aggregates and these aggregates were dispersed in benzyl alcohol homogeneously.

稀土三元催化剂下正辛酸缩水甘油酯-二氧化碳-环氧丙烷的三元共聚合

研究了稀土三元催化剂(三氯乙酸稀土配合物/二乙基锌/甘油)催化下的正辛酸缩水甘油酯、CO2和环氧丙烷三元共聚合。红外光谱、核磁共振和DSC结果表明,所获得的聚合物是一种新型的三元共聚物。随着反应单体中正辛酸缩水甘油酯比例的增加,所得聚合物在20℃下的断裂伸长率由二氧化碳-环氧丙烷共聚物的31.0%增大至二氧化碳-正辛酸缩水甘油酯共聚物的983.9%,相应的玻璃化转变温度由39.6℃降低至-12.3℃。所得三元共聚物中长碳链侧基单元含量为5.6%时,其断裂伸长率就已经达到481.1%,而拉伸强度仍然维持在24.9MPa的较高水平。

1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体单体与丙烯腈共聚行为的研究

以1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑盐酸盐([AMIM]Cl)作为离子液体单体,偶氮二异丁腈作为引发剂,二甲基亚砜为溶剂,实现了与丙烯腈(AN)在不同反应条件下的自由基共聚合.研究了AN/[AMIM]Cl二元共聚合的动力学,得到了相应的竞聚率数据(rAN=8.11,r[AMIM]Cl=0).用1H-NMR、GPC、DSC、TGA等手段对共聚物进行了表征.通过对AN/[AMIM]Cl二元共聚及AN/IA/[AMIM]Cl三元共聚的研究发现,[AMIM]Cl在与丙烯腈共聚时具有双重作用,一部分离子单体进入到共聚物的分子链中调节其亲水性及可纺性,剩下的大部分留在纺丝液中可显著降低纺丝液的黏度,从而使高分子量高固含量纺丝液的纺制成为可能,有望得到高性能的碳纤维原丝.

(PE-g-PB-g-PA6)接枝共聚物中PA6链段结晶行为研究

采用选择性溶剂交替抽提的方法提纯在PE-g-PB-g-MA/PA6共混物中原位生成的接枝共聚物PE-g-PB-g-PA6,通过TEM﹑XPS﹑XRD﹑DSC等方法研究了该接枝共聚物的形貌与结晶行为。结果表明,PA6链段的结晶受到相形貌和分子结构的限制,扩散速度降低,导致在通常的结晶速率条件下(10℃/min)结晶不完善。

硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯与聚乙烯接枝共聚物的制备与表征

以聚氧乙烯为起始原料,合成了一系列硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯及其丙烯酸酯,用FTIR和1H NMR测试技术对其结构进行了表征,用最大气泡法测定了其表面张力.以其作为接枝单体,利用反应挤出接枝方法制备了系列功能化聚乙烯,用FTIR确定了接枝共聚物的结构和接枝率;用DSC、接触角测量仪对接枝共聚物的热性能、结晶行为和表面性质进行了测试分析。结果表明,含有不同分子量(200、600、1 000、2 000和6 000)聚氧乙烯的硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯的表面张力分别为30.19、32.22、35.30、38.39和43.37 mN/m;相应的聚乙烯接枝共聚物的结晶温度分别为109.30、109.08、110.18、109.74和109.74℃,水接触角分别为81.06°、70.10°、72.25°、76.40°和95.55°。随着聚氧乙烯分子量的增加,表面活性剂的表面活性降...

3D 异金属Bi(III)-Pr(III)配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构和热稳定性

在水溶液中合成了双金属配位聚合物({[(NO3)(H2O)3Pr(μ4-Hedta)Bi-(NO3)2].2H2O}2)n,并通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射等手段进行了表征.该配合物为单斜晶系,P2(1)/n空间群,a=1.26831(18)nm,b=0.82189(12)nm,c=2.3755(3)nm,β=105.055(2)°,R=0.0429,V=2.3913(6)nm3,Z=4.Bi(Ⅲ)-Pr(Ⅲ)间通过配阴离子Hedta3-中4个羧基的桥联作用构建配合物的3D结构.TG-DSC结果表明,该配合物热分解经历脱水、配体分解以及盐分解过程,残余物为Bi-Pr-O的三元复合氧化物.

Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Plasticized Poly(L-lactic acid)

Enhancing the stability of plasticized poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) is necessary for its practical application. In this study, plasticized PLLA (PLLA/PEG 80/20 wt/wt) was crosslinked under I-ray (Co-60) in the presence of triallyl isocyanurate (TALC) as crosslinking agent. FTIR analysis revealed that PLLA, PEG, and TALC formed a cocrosslinking structure. Crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of the crosslinked plasticized PLLA were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests. Experimental results indicated that the crystallization behaviors of both PEG and PLLA in the blends were restrained after irradiation. The melting peak of PEG in the crystallized samples disappeared at a low irradiation doses about 10 kGy. Although PLLA still owned the behavior of crystallize, its cold crystallization temperature and glass transition temperature shifted to higher temperature. Mechanical properties of the plasticized PLLA were strengthened through crosslinking. Both yield strength and elastic modulus of the samples increased after crosslinking.

聚乳酸/聚氧化乙烯共混体系的热行为和力学性能及流变行为

采用熔融共混方法制备了聚乳酸与聚氧化乙烯的共混物.细致研究了重均分子量分别为2 kDa、10kDa1、00 kDa和600 kDa的聚氧化乙烯对聚乳酸的改性效果,并使用DSC、DMA及旋转流变仪等分析了共混物的相容性、热行为、力学性能和流变行为.结果表明,在聚氧化乙烯的组分含量不超过20 wt%的前提下,共混体系保持为完全相容体系,当聚氧化乙烯的分子量超过10 kDa时,其对聚乳酸的增塑效果,不随分子量增加而降低;增加聚氧化乙烯的分子量,可以提高材料的弹性模量和熔体强度.

Crosslinked poly (epsilon-caprolactone) initiated by benzoyl peroxide

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) was chemically crosslinked with various amounts of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) The effect of BPO contents, crosslinking temperature and time on the crosslinking reaction was studied. The thermal, mechanical, and biodegradable properties of crosslinked PCL were also examined by DSC and DMA etc. The results showed that the melting temperature, crystallinity and glass transition temperature decreased with increase in BPO contents, while the crystallization temperature increased with increase in BPO content. The Young's modulus and elongation at break generally decreased with increase in BPO content. Moreover, the crosslinked PCL still had biodegradable ability.