新疆萨瓦亚尔顿（穆龙套型）金矿床物质来源与成矿机制

萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床是我国90年代金矿地质工作者在新疆西南天山地区寻找穆龙套型金矿床的一个突破。本文通过对新疆萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床的矿石矿物组成、稀土元素地球化学、同位素地球化学以及流体包裹体特征等方面的研究，探讨了萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床地质地球化学特征、金的赋存状态及成矿流体特征、成矿流体来源，提出了该矿床的成矿机制，取得如下认识：1．流体包裹体岩相学研究表明，萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床的流体包裹体主要为V＋L相和富CO_2相包裹体，前者为NaCl-H_2O体系，后者主要有L_(CO2)、L_(CO2)+L、V_(CO2)+L、V_(CO2)＋L_(CO2)＋L相包裹体；并发现极少量含子晶流体包裹体。2．通过流体包裹体显微测温学研究，表明金矿床的均一温度成矿早阶段为270～320 ℃，成矿主阶段为170～250 ℃，成矿晚阶段为110-250 ℃，呈逐渐降低的趋势，低温成矿作用明显。3．单个流体包裹体的激光拉曼分析表明，流体包裹体中除含有CO2之外，还含有一定量的N_2和CH_4。4.成矿物质来源的复杂性。萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床矿石中微量元素组成、稀土配分模式大都反映了成矿金属物质主要来自赋矿地层本身。金属硫化物的6345：-3.4‰～+2.6‰，西南天山地区下古生界地层中广泛存在各类火山岩可能是该矿床的主要硫源，部分可能有深部物质的参与。矿石中主要脉石矿物石英和菱铁矿 中包裹体水的氢氧同位素组成为δD = -72％～-62‰，δ~(18)O ＝ -11.6‰～＋5.4‰。成矿流体主要为大气降水补给的地下卤水，并有少量岩浆水的混合。5．Ar-Ar同位素地球化学研究表明，萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床的主要成矿时代为印支晚期，210 Ma。6. 对矿石中的流体包裹体进行了温度、压力、成分、pH、含盐度等的分要的，并系统的进行了矿床形成时的物理化学条件的理论计算，基中包括EH、PH、f_(O_2)、f_(S_2)等及金在矿液运移中的搬运形式。指出减压过程或伴生沸腾的减压过程，是矿床形成过程中矿质卸载的基本机制，此外，酸蚀变过程（如绢云母化等）中由于H~+的消耗促进了溶液中pH值的升高；含高炭质的围岩，降低了矿液的氧逸度以及含矿热液与地表下渗冷水的混合等诸多因素，则是矿订形成的辅助机制。

模拟月壤研制与月壤的微波辐射特性研究

嫦娥一号绕月探测卫星上将搭载一台四通道的微波探测仪（3.0 GHz、7.8GHz、19.3 5 GHz、37 GHz）。利用其测量到的月球微波辐射亮度温度，反演月壤厚度并评估月球的氦一3资源量是嫦娥一号卫星的四大科学目标之一。本文主要包括模拟月壤的研制和月壤微波辐射特性的研究，是对月球微波辐射探测的预先研究。（l）详细概述了月壤的形成与演化、化学和矿物组成、物理力学性质等；（2）模拟月壤的研制是嫦娥工程顺利开展所必需的基础设施建设项目，本文首次提出了系列化模拟月壤的研制设想和基本方案；（3）成功研制了CAS一1模拟月壤，岩石学、矿物学和地球化学的对比表明，CAS一1模拟月壤与APollo14登月点月壤相似。并测量了其基本的化学和物理力学性质供样品使用单位参考；（4）首次提出应用聚乙烯稀释法和Liehtenecker介电混合公式，在谐振腔微扰系统上测量干燥岩石或矿物复介电常数的方法，该方法具有操作简单、所需样品量少、测量精度高等优点；（5）利用同轴终端法系统测量了120 GHz模拟月壤、模拟月岩的复介电常数，研究其随颗粒粒度和（％TiO2＋％FeO＋％Fe2O3）含量的变化规律，并比较其与地球红土的差异；（6）在对月球物质的复介电常数进行详细研究的基础上，探讨了月壤的微波辐射特性，并估算了Apollo和Luna登月点的微波辐射在月壤中的穿透深度。

水库对乌江河流汞生物地球化学循环的影响

本论文的主要研究内容有以下三个方面：（1）蒸馏一乙基化GC-CVAFS法测定天然水体中甲基汞方法的建立及应用；（2）乌江表层河水不同形态汞分布特征的研究；（3）以乌江中上游干流不同年龄水库（乌江渡水库和东风水库）为例，探讨水库对乌江河流汞输送的影响及水库内汞的迁移转化。通过本论文的研究，取得以下成果：1．建立了一种基于蒸馏一乙基化结合气相色谱（GC）一冷原子荧光（CVAFS）测定天然水体中甲基汞的分析方法。水样中甲基汞经蒸馏后与四乙基硼化钠反应生成挥发性的甲基乙基汞，由氮气吹扫捕集于Tenax管，然后由GC-CVAFS测定。该方法的回收率为88.2％-108.4％，平均相对标准偏差为5．4％。取45mL水样测定，方法的最低检出限为0.009ng/L。该方法能准确测定天然水体中甲基汞的含量，步骤简洁、快速，明显优于国内目前使用的其余测定水体甲基汞的方法。2．乌江表层河水总汞的浓度分别为：丰水期659ng/L，枯水期16.9ng/L，明显高于北美和欧洲一些没受污染的河流，表明乌江流域已存在一定程度的污染。乌江河水汞的主要形态为颗粒态汞，其占总汞的比例为丰水期84％，枯水期占52％，乌江河流汞的分布、迁移行为主要受颗粒态物质控制。3．根据输入一输出通量模型，估算出东风水库总汞净通量为-57785.1g/yr，占总汞输入量的40.2％；乌江渡水库总汞净通量为-23273.7g/yr，占总汞输入量的14.0％，两个水库都表现为总汞的“汇”。与总汞相反，两个水库都表现为甲基汞的“源”，东风水库甲基汞净通量为+284.7g/yr，占甲基汞总输入量的4.4％；乌江渡水库甲基汞的净通量为＋6622.0g/yr，占甲基汞总输入量的80.1％。乌江渡水库甲基汞的“源”作用显著大于东风水库。4．乌江渡水库和东风水库水体总汞和甲基汞都呈现明显的季节变化，表现为春季＞冬季、夏季。乌江渡水库水体总汞平均为冬季9.0ng/L、春季16.0ng/L、夏季7.9ng/L；东风水库水体总汞平均为冬季8.2ng/L、春季12.5ng/L、夏季9.4ng/L。水体甲基汞的平均值分别为：乌江渡水库冬季0.74ng/L、春季0.97ng/L夏季0．89ng/L；东风水库冬季0.74ng/L、春季1.12ng/L、夏季0.38ng/L。水库水体甲基汞与总汞之间有相关关系，但未达极显著水平（乌江渡水库，r=0.451*，n=24；东风水库，r=0.471*，n＝27）。水库内汞和甲基汞的形态、含量以及分布受外源性输入、降水稀释、水库初级生产力水平以及水库运行方式等因素控制。5．乌江渡水库和东风水库沉积物总汞明显高于其它未受污染地区水库沉积物总汞。乌江渡水库沉积物总汞含量为254.7±44.3ng/g，东风水库沉积物总汞为171.0±23.0ng/g。两个水库沉积物总汞没有季节变化，且在沉积物垂直剖面上也没有明显的浓度梯度变化。与总汞相反，两个水库沉积物甲基汞在垂直剖面上有明显的梯度变化和季节变化。无机汞的甲基化作用主要发生在沉积物表层5cm以内。沉积物中甲基汞含量受微生物活性影响显著，通常在水库生物生产量和营养物输入量较大时甲基汞浓度也较高。沉积物甲基汞含量在两个水库都表现为冬季＜春季＜夏季，甲基汞含量以及甲基汞占总汞的比例为东风水库＜乌江渡水库。6．沉积物间隙水中无机汞的含量没有显著的季节变化；与此相反，沉积物间隙水中甲基汞浓度表现出明显的季节变化。沉积物间隙水中甲基汞在垂直剖面上的分布趋势与沉积物中甲基汞的分布趋势相一致，沉积物间隙水中甲基汞含量与沉积物中甲基汞含量呈显著性相关（乌江渡水库，r=0.770**，n＝75；东风水库，r＝0.675**,n＝75）。7．沉积物间隙水中无机汞和甲基汞是水体中无机汞和甲基汞的“源，，i但对乌江渡水库和东风水库而言，由于水体深度较大，水力停留时间较短，间隙水中扩散出来的甲基汞和无机汞对水库内水体中相应形态汞含量的影响程度有限。但这种影响作用为甲基汞＞无机汞，乌江渡水库＞东风水库。8．因采集的鱼多为人工饲养鱼（生长速度快、食物链短），两个水库鱼体总汞和甲基汞含量均低于国家食用标准。但乌江渡水库鱼体甲基汞含量以及甲基汞占总汞的比例均高于东风水库。可见，乌江流域水库鱼体甲基汞含量不取决于水库年龄，而受水库内水生食物链底端食物中甲基汞的含量控制。9．通过本论文的研究，得出由于被淹没土壤有机质含量较低，乌江流域水库无机汞甲基化的驱动力为水库内源性输入有机质。在一定的时间范围内，随着水库的发育，水库初级生产力水平的提高，内源性有机质输入量增加，会显著促进沉积物中无机汞的甲基化进程。

Tuning the saturated red emission: synthesis, electrochemistry and photophysics of 2-arylquinoline based iridium(III) complexes and their application in OLEDs

A series of novel iridium(III) complexes with two 2-arylquinoline derivatives as cyclometalated ligands and one monoanionic ligand, such as acetylacetonate (acac), N,N'-diethyldithiocarbamate (Et(2)dtc) and O,O'-diethyldithiophosphate (Et(2)dtp), as ancillary ligands have been synthesized and structurally characterized by H-1 NMR, MS and elemental analysis (EA). The cyclic voltammetry, absorption, emission and electroluminescence properties of these complexes were systematically investigated. Through extending pi-conjugation, introducing electron-donating groups in the ligand frame, or changing the ancillary ligands, the HOMO energy levels of the iridium(III) complexes can be tuned, while their LUMO levels remain little affected; in consequence, the emission wavelengths of the iridium(III) complexes can be tuned in the range 606-653 nm. The highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with saturated red emission have been demonstrated. A maximum current efficiency of 10.79 cd A(-1), at a current density of 0.74 mA cm(-2), with an emission wavelength of 616 nm and Commisioon Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.65, 0.35), which are very close to the National Television System Comittee (NSTC) standard red emission, have been achieved when using complex (DPQ)(2)Ir(acac) as a phosphor dopant.

Internal resonance of an L-shaped beam with a limit stop .2. Forced vibration

A limit stop is placed at the elbow of an L-shaped beam whose linear natural frequencies are nearly commensurable. As a result of this hardening device the non-linear system exhibits multiple internal resonances, which involve various degree of coupling between the first five modes of the beam in free vibration. A point load is so placed as to excite several modes and the resulting forced vibration is examined. In the undamped case, three in-phase and two out-of-phase solution branches have been found. The resonance curve is extremely complicated, with multiple branches and interactions between the first four modes. The amplitudes of the higher harmonics are highly influenced by damping, the presence of which can effectively attenuate internal resonances. Consequently parts of the resonance curve may be eliminated, with the resulting response comprising different distinctive branches. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited

L-shell ionization accompanied by one-electron capture in Cq+, Oq+ (q=2,3)-Ne collisions

The L-shell ionization processes of a Ne gas target associated with single-electron capture by bombardment of Cq+ and Oq+ (q=2,3) are investigated using the projectile-recoil-ion coincidence method in the energy range from 80 to 400 keV/u (v(p)=1.8-4 a.u.). The cross-section ratios (R-k1) of k-fold ionization to single capture are compared with the results for He2+-Ne collisions by Dubois [Phys. Rev. A 36, 2585 (1987)]. All the velocity dependences are quite similar. The ratios increase as the projectile energy increases in the lower-energy region, reach the maxima for projectile energies around E-max=160q(1/2) keV/u, and then decrease at higher energies. These results qualitatively agree with our calculations in terms of the Bohr-Lindhard model within the independent-electron approximation.

General SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R) x U(1)(EM) sigma model with external sources, dynamical breaking and spontaneous vacuum symmetry breaking

We give a general SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R) x U(1)(EM) sigma model with external sources, dynamical breaking and spontaneous vacuum symmetry breaking, and present the general formulation of the model. It is found that sigma and pi(0) without electric charges have electromagnetic interaction effects coming front the internal structures. A general Lorentz transformation relative to external sources J(gauge) - (J(A mu) J(A mu)(kappa)) derived, using the general Lorentz transformation and the four-dimensional current of nuclear matter of the ground si ate with J(gauge) = 0, we give the four-dimensional general relations between the different currents of nuclear matter systems with J(gauge) not equal 0 and those with J(gauge) = 0. The relation of the density's coupling with external magnetic field is derived, which conforms well to dense nuclear matter in a strong magnetic field. We show different condensed effects in strong interaction about fermions and antifermions, and give the concrete scalar and pseudoscalar condensed expressions of sigma(0) and pi(0) bosons. About different dynamical breaking and spontaneous vacuum symmetry breaking, the concrete expressions of different mass spectra are obtained in field theory. This paper acquires the running spontaneous vacuum breaking value sigma'(0), and obtains the spontaneous vacuum breaking in tenus of the running sigma'(0), which make nucleon, sigma, and pi particles gain effective masses. We achieve both the effect of external sources and nonvanishing value of the condensed scalar and pseudoscalar paticles. It is deduced that the masses of nucleons, sigma and pi generally depend on different external sources.

维生素C发酵中2-酮-L-古龙酸还原酶的研究

由于２酮Ｌ古龙酸还原酶（简称ＫＧＲ）的存在，理论上造成了Ｖｃ合成前体２酮Ｌ古龙酸（简称２ＫＬＧ）部分被还原成Ｌ艾杜糖酸［１，２］，影响了Ｖｃ二步发酵的产率。而从Ｌ山梨糖到２酮Ｌ古龙酸的转化中，除被ＫＧＲ催化的还原负反应外，均属...

Multilayer structured carbon nanotubes/poly-L-lysine/laccase composite cathode for glucose/O-2 biofuel cell

Multilayer film of laccase, poly-L-lysine (PLL) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared by a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. The results of the UV-vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies demonstrated a uniform growth of the multilayer. The catalytic behavior of the modified electrode was investigated. The (MWNTs/PLL/laccase)(n) multilayer modified electrode catalyzed four-electron reduction of O-2 to water, without any mediator.

A Biodegradable Diblcok Copolymer Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(L-lactide-co-2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylene carbonate): Docetaxel and RGD Conjugation

A diblcok copolymer monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly(L-lactide-co-2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylene carbonate) (MPEG-b-P(LA-co-MCC)) was obtained by copolymerization of L-lactide (LA) and 2-methyl-2-benzoxycarbonyl-propylene carbonate (MBC) and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation. The pendant carboxyl groups of the copolymer MPEG-b-P(LA-co-MCC) were conjugated with antitumor drug docetaxel and tripeptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD), respectively.

Highly ordered mesoporous carbons-based glucose/O-2 biofuel cell

This study demonstrates a novel compartment-less glucose/O-2 biofuel cell (BFC) based on highly ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) with three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected and ordered pore structures. OMCs are used as supports for both stably confining the electrocatalyst (i.e., meldola's blue, MDB) for NADH oxidation and the anodic biocatalyst (i.e., NAD(+)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase, GDH) for glucose oxidation, and for facilitating direct electrochemistry of the cathodic biocatalyst (i.e., laccase, LAC) for O-2 electroreduction. In 0.10 M pH 6.0 PBS containing 20 mM NAD(+) and 60 mM glucose under the air-saturated atmosphere, the open circuit voltage (0.82 V) and the maximum power output (38.7 mu W cm(-2) (at 0.54V)) of the assembled compartment-less OMCs-based BFC are both higher than those of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based BFC (0.75 V and 2.1 mu W cm(-2) (at 0.46 V)).

Syntheses and crystal structures of [Mn(H2O)(4)(bpy)]L center dot 4H(2)O, [Mn(H2O)(4)(bpy)]L ' center dot 4H(2)O (H2L = SUCCINIC ACID, H2L ' = FUMARIC ACID)

Reactions of freshly prepared M(OH)(2-2x)(CO3)(x) (.) yH(2)O (M = Mn, Zn) and 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) with succinic acid (H2L) or famaric acid (H2L') in CH3OH-H2O afforded [Mn(H2O)(4)(bpy)]L (.) 4H(2)O, 1, [Mn(H2O)(4)(bpy)]L' (.) 4H(2)O, 2 and [Zn(H2O)(4)(bpy)]L (.) 4H(2)O, 3. The three coordination polymers are isostructural and consist of (1)(infinity)[M(H2O)(4)(bpy)(2/2)](2+) cationic chains, crystal H2O molecules and dicarboxylate anions (succinate or fumarate anions). Within the chains, the metal atoms are each octahedrally coordinated by four aqua oxygen atoms and two pyridyl nitrogen atoms from two 4,4'-bipyridine ligands. The crystal H2O molecules are hydrogen bonded to dicarboxylate anions to form ribbon-like anionic chains. The cationic and anionic chains are interconnected via hyqrogen bonds to generate a 3D network. Crystal data: 1 triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 7.235(1), b = 7.749(2), c = 10.020(2) Angstrom, alpha = 79.95(3), beta = 88.79(3), gamma = 71.39(3)degrees, V = 523.9(2) Angstrom(3) and D-cal = 1.494 g cm(-3) for Z = 1; 2 triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 7.127(1), b = 7.800(2), c = 9.945(2) Angstrom, alpha = 80.26(3), beta = 87.86(3), gamma = 72.69(3)degrees, V = 520.2(2) Angstrom(3) and D-cal = 1.498 g cm(-3) for Z = 1; 3 triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 7.189(1), b = 7.764(2), c = 9.843(2) Angstrom, alpha = 79.16(3), beta = 87.80(3), gamma = 71.29(3)degrees, V = 510.9(2) Angstrom(3) and D-cal = 1.559 g cm(-3) for Z = 1.