Nd：YAG透明陶瓷的烧成及其显微结构

由溶胶一凝胶／燃烧合成结合法合成了Nd：YAG(掺钕钇铝石榴石，neodymium—doped yttrium aluminium garnet)粉体，用真空烧结法制备了Nd：YAG透明陶瓷。研究了显微结构随烧结温度和保温时间的变化，并对透明陶瓷的晶界结构和成分分布进行了表征。随着烧结温度的提高和保温时间的延长，Nd：YAG陶瓷的密度增大，晶形发育完整，透过率提高。晶粒内部和晶界的化学组成基本相同。所制备的Nd：YAG透明陶瓷在激光工作波长1064nm的透过率达到75％。

Tm：YAG晶体的研究进展

Tm：YAG晶体是性能优异的LD泵浦激光晶体。本文总结了Tm：YAG晶体的生长、光谱性质以及激光性能的研究和发展，并指出了Tm：YAG晶体发展中需要解决的问题。

Optimization of thermal environment during crystal growth of large-sized Nd : YAG by Temperature Gradient Technique

A finite-element model is employed to analysis the thermal environments in Temperature Gradient Technique (TGT) furnace during the growth of large-sized Nd:YAG crystal. The obtained results show that when the crucible is located at the lower position inside of the heater, a flatter solid-liquid interface is established, which makes it easier to obtain the core-free Nd:YAG crystal. Meanwhile, the lower crucible position can induce higher axial temperature gradient, which is beneficial to the release of latent heat. (c) 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Diode-pumped passively q-switched Nd : YAG ceramic laser with a Cr4+: YAG crystal-satiable absorber

Transparent polycrystalline Nd:YAG ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering a mixture of commercial Al2O3,Y2O3, and Nd2O3 powders. The powders were mixed in ethanol and doped with 0.5 wt% tetraethoxysilane, dried, and pressed. Pressed samples were sintered at 1750 degrees C in vacuum. Transparent fully dense samples with average grain sizes of 10 mu m were obtained. The 1 at.% Nd:YAG ceramic was used to research passively Q-switched laser output with a Cr4+:YAG crystal as a saturable absorber. An average output power of 94 mW with a pulse width of 50 ns was obtained when the incident pump power was 750 mW. The slope efficiency was 13%. The pulse energy is 5 mu J, and the peak power is about 100 W.

Diode-pumped Yb : YAG ceramic laser

Transparent polycrystalline Yb:YAG ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering a mixture of commercial Al2O3, Y2O3, and Yb2O3 powders. The powders were mixed in ethanol and doped with 0.5 wt% tetraethoxysilane, dried, and pressed. Pressed samples were sintered at 1730 degrees C in vacuum. Transparent fully dense samples with grain sizes of several micrometers were obtained. The phase from 1500 degrees to 1700 degrees C was important for the grain growth, in which the grains grew quickly and a mass of pores were eliminated from the body of the sample. Annealing was an important step to remove the vacancies of oxygen and transform Yb2+ to Yb3+. The 1 at.% Yb:YAG ceramic sample was pumped by a diode laser to study the laser properties. The maximum output power of 1.02 W was obtained with a slope efficiency of 25% at 1030 nm. The size of the lasering sample was 4 mm x 4 mm x 3 mm.

Raman spectroscopic investigation of pure and ytterbium-doped rare earth silicate crystals

Raman spectroscopy was used to study the molecular structure of a series of selected rare earth (RE) silicate crystals including Y2SiO5 (YSO), LU2SiO5 (LSO), (Lu0.5Y0.5)(2)SiO5 (LYSO) and their ytterbium-doped samples. Raman spectra show resolved bands below 500 cm(-1) region assigned to the modes of SiO4 and oxygen vibrations. Multiple bands indicate the nonequivalence of the RE-O bonds and the lifting of the degeneracy of the RE ion vibration. Low intensity bands below 500 cm(-1) are an indication of impurities. The (SiO4)(4-) tetrahedra are characterized by bands near 200 cm(-1) which show a separation of the components of nu(4) and nu(2), in the 500-700 cm(-1) region which are attributed to the distorting bending vibration and in the 880-1000 cm(-1) region which are attributed to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrational modes. The majority of the bands in the 300-610 cm(-1) region of Re2SiO5 were found to arise from vibrations involving both Si and RE ions, indicating that there is considerable mixing of Si displacements with Si-O bending modes and RE-0 stretching modes. The Raman spectra of RE silicate crystals were analyzed in terms of the molecular structure of the crystals, which enabled separation of the bands attributed to distinct vibrational units. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Infrared to visible upconversion fluorescence in Yb,Tm : YAG single crystal

Absorption spectrum from 400 to 2000 run and upconversion fluorescence spectra under 940 nm pumping of YAG single crystal codoped with 5 at.% Yb3+ and 4 at.% Tm3+ were studied at room temperature. The blue upconversion emission centered at 483 nm corresponds to the transition (1)G(4) -> H-3(6), the emission band around 646 nm corresponds to the transition (1)G(4) -> F-3(4) of Tm3+. Energy transfer from Yb3+ to Tm3+ is mainly nonradiative and the transfer efficiency was experimentally assessed. The line strengths, transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes of (1)G(4) level were calculated by using Judd-Ofelt theory. Gain coefficient calculated from spectra shows that the upconversion corresponding with transitions (1)G(4) -> H-3(6) in YAG doped with Yb3+ and Tm3+ is potentially useful for blue light Output. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Yb：YAG透明陶瓷的制备和激光输出

制备了高质量的Yb：YAG透明陶瓷．Yb：YAG透明陶瓷的晶粒尺寸为10μm左右且分布均匀，晶界处和晶粒中没有杂质、气孔的存在．Yb：YAG样品中所有元素分布均匀，不同的晶粒间，晶粒和晶界间成分是一致的，没有出现成分的偏析．4mm厚样品的透过率为80％．LD泵浦获得了波长为1030nm，最大功率为268mW的连续激光输出．

国产Yb∶YAG透明陶瓷实现激光输出

YAG单晶是高功率激光的重要材料，近年来高透明度多晶陶瓷作为激光介质引起人们广泛的注意。YAG陶瓷相对单晶具有易制造大尺寸、掺杂浓度高、易批量生产等优点。在Nd：YAG陶瓷获得长足发展的同时，Yb掺杂的陶瓷也得到了越来越多的关注。Yb：YAG陶瓷与Nd：YAG陶瓷相比具有许多优点：Yb掺杂的激光介质无交叉弛豫振荡和激发态吸收，有较宽的吸收带，较长的荧光寿命及较高的量子效率等。因此，高质量的Yb：YAG陶瓷将是非常理想的高功率激光材料。

Hydrothermal growth and characterization of ZnO crystals

ZnO crystals with dimensions of 30 x 38 x 8 turn 3 have been grown by the hydrothermal method using a mixed solution of KOH, LiOH and H2O2. The growing rates for +c(0001) and -c(000 (1) over bar) were 0.17 and 0.09 mm/day, respectively. The crystal color was very light green for +c sector and dark brown for -c sector. For the +c sector, the resistivity at room temperature was 80 0 cm, the carrier concentration was about 10(4)/cm(3), and the mobility was about 100 cm(2)/Vs. The full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of double axis X-ray rocking curve for the polished Zn face cut from +c sector was 45 arcsec. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum and the absorption spectrum of +c part of the crystals at room temperature were also reported and discussed in this paper. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Yb∶Y_3Al_5O_(12)/Y_3Al_5O_(12)复合晶体的制作和光谱性能

采用热键合技术,制作中运用不同的工艺参量制作出12片Yb∶Y3Al5O12/Y3Al5O12(Yb∶YAG/YAG)复合晶体。利用偏光显微镜对其键合界面进行了观察,研究了样品的透射光谱,从而确定出复合晶体合适的制作工艺。通过透射光谱的形状和透射率来表征复合晶体键合界面的质量。研究表明Yb∶YAG/YAG复合晶体键合质量较好,可实现一体化。

7.3 W of single-frequency output power at 2.09 μm from an Ho:YAG monolithic nonplanar ring laser

Single-frequency output power of 7.3 W at 2.09 mu m from a monolithic Ho:YAG nonplanar ring oscillator (NPRO) is demonstrated. Resonantly pumped by a Tm-doped fiber laser at 1.91 mu m, the Ho:YAG NPRO produces 71% of slope efficiency with respect to absorbed pump power and nearly diffraction-limited output with a beam quality parameter of M-2 approximate to 1.1. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America

Growth and spectral properties of Yb,Tm:YAG crystal

The YAG crystal codoped with Yb3+ and Tm3+ has been grown by Czochralski (Cz) method. The crystal structure of the crystal has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The absorption and emission spectra of Yb,Tm:YAG crystal at room temperature have also been studied. The emission cross-sections have been calculated by Fuechtbauer-Ladenburg formula and reciprocity method. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of carbon on the thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence of α -Al2O3:C crystals

alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows excellent thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties but the real role carbon plays in this crystal is still not clearly understood so far. In this work, alpha-Al2O3:C crystal doping with different amounts of carbon were grown by the temperature gradient technique, and TL and OSL properties of as-grown crystals were investigated. Additionally, a mechanism was proposed to explain the role of carbon in forming the TL and OSL properties of alpha-Al2O3:C. TL and OSL intensities of as-grown crystals increase with the increasing amount of carbon doping in the crystal, but no shift is found in the glow peak location at 465 K. As the amount of carbon doping in the crystals decreases, OSL decay rate becomes faster. With the increase in heating rate, the integral TL response of as-grown crystals decreases and glow peak shifts to higher temperatures. TL response decrease rate increases with the increasing amount of carbon doping in the crystals. All the TL and OSL response curves of as-grown crystals show linear-sublinear-saturation characteristic, and OSL dose response exhibits higher sensitivity and wider linear dose range than that of TL. The crystal doping with 5000 ppm carbon shows the best dosimetric properties. Carbon plays the role of a dopant in alpha-Al2O3:C crystal and four-valent carbon anions replace the two-valent anions of oxygen during the crystal growth process, and large amounts of oxygen vacancies were formed, which corresponds to the high absorption coefficient of F and F+ centers in the crystals.