Preparation and characterization of CdS nanotubes and nanowires by electrochemical synthesis in ion-track templates

CdS nanotubes and nanowires have been synthesized with controlled dimensions by means of template-electrodeposition method in etched ion-track membranes. The diameters of nanotubes and nanowires are between 20 and I 10 nm, and the lengths are up to tens of micrometers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern investigations demonstrate that CdS nanotubes and nanowires are polycrystalline in nature. The UV-vis absorption spectra of CdS nanotubes and nanowires embedded in polycarbonate (PC) membranes show that the absorption edges of PC films shift towards the shorter wavelength, with decreasing diameters of the deposited nanostructures. The results indicate that nanowires are formed from nanotubes by nanotube-stuffing-growth mechanism.

The hyper-radiosensitivity effect of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells exposed to low dose gamma-rays and C-12 ions

Hypersensitive response of mammalian cells in cell killing to X- and gamma-rays has been reported at doses below 1 Gy. The purpose of this study was to examine the low dose sensitivity of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells irradiated with Co-60 gamma-rays and 50 MeV/u C-12 ions. Experiments using gamma-rays and charged particle irradiation were performed, particularly in the low dose range from 0 to 2 Gy. The survival effect of SMMC-7721 cells was measured by means of standard clonogenic assay in conjunction with a cell sorter. The result indicates SMMC-7721 cells showed hyper-radiosensitive response at low doses and increased radio-resistance at larger single doses for the carbon ions (LET = 45.2 keV/mu m) and the gamma-rays. However, the HRS/IRR effect caused by high-LET irradiation is different from that by low-LET radiation. This might possibly be due to the difference in the mode of energy deposition by particle beam and low-LET irradiation.

Detection of K-ras exon 1 mutations by constant denaturant capillary electrophoresis

Among various mutation detection methods, constant denaturant capillary electrophoresis (CDCE) is one of the most common techniques for rapid identification of known or unknown mutations. In this report, a CDCE analysis method with homemade linear polyacrylamide (LPA) kit was developed on ABI 310 genetic analyzer, the effect and relationship of various denaturing factors in CDCE analysis were investigated and K-ras gene mutations of 31 coloerctal cancer patients were detected. Results indicate that, with the increase of chemical danaturant concentration, the optimum temperature was lowered, and when the concentration of urea (formamide) was higher than 7 M (40%), the homoduplex and heteroduplex of mutant samples were separated with difficulty. Detection results of K-ras gene in colorectal samples indicated that mutations were present in eight (26%) of 31 patients; most mutations were localized in codon 12, which is thought to be a critical step and plays an important role in human colorectal carcinogenesisas. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

Applications of homemade kit in mutation detection of genes

Several methods of mutation detection, such as single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), tandem SSCP/heteroduplex analysis and SNaPshot analysis were developed using homemade kit on ABI 310 genetic analyzer, and were successfully applied to mutation detection of 31 colorectal tumor samples. The sieving capability of homemade kit and commercial kit were compared, results demonstrate that homemade kit has higher resolution and shorter analysis time. In clinical tumor samples, 26% K-ras (exon 1) and 24% p53 (exons 7-8) were found to have mutations, and all mutations were single point variations. A majority of mutations occurred in one gene, only 1 tumor contained alterations in the two genes, which indicates that development of colorectal cancer lies on alternate pathways, and may correlate with different gene mutations.

长白山北坡植物群落复杂性的海拔梯度变化(英文)

应用梯度格局法在长白山北坡海拔700m-2600m的坡面上每100 m海拔设置一样地,共计20块样地,通过对同一群落各样方间的相异性测定,对各海拔植物群落的复杂性进行了分析。结果表明,以主林层乔木种的二元数据计算的结果,除亚高山岳桦林外,其它各海拔群落的样方间均表现出较高的相异性,特别是低海拔的阔叶红松林平均相异系数达0.74,明显高于其它植被类型;暗针叶林各群落间差异不大,相对而言1400 m群落样方间的相异性略高于其它群落,表现出过渡性群落树种组成的复杂性;岳桦林树种组成简单,样[(\267\275\274\344\322\262\261\355\317\326\263\366\275\317\270\337\265\304\\317\340\313\306\320\324\241\243)-0.1(\322\324\271\340\304\276\326\326\265\304\266\376\324\252\312\375\276\335\\274\306\313\343\265\304\310\272)]落内的相异性,虽低海拔的阔叶红松林总体上高于其它群落,但差异趋势并不像乔木种那么明显。以各草本植物与所有植物种的二元数据计算的各海拔群落内样方间的相异性,表现出非常相近的趋势,群落内样方间草本植物及所有植物种均以阔叶红松林及高山冻原差异最大,暗针叶林基本稳定于比较相近的水平。图3表1参8。

长白山南坡森林群落组成、结构以及树种多样性的垂直分布

长白山自然保护区是重要的物种基因库,以往的研究多集中在北坡,南坡研究很少见报导。该文通过在长白山自然保护区南坡沿海拔梯度设置样方和植被调查,研究长白山南坡的物种组成、群落结构、物种丰富度、α多样性沿海拔梯度的变化。研究表明:长白山南坡12个样地6种森林群落共记录乔木树种53种、灌木57种、草本植物310种。南坡森林群落的垂直分布没有北坡那么明显,随海拔的升高,乔木树种的物种丰富度和α多样性显著下降。灌木和草本层物种的丰富度受海拔梯度变化下热量分布差异的影响不大,灌木层的α多样性指数和均匀度指数随海拔的升高变化无一定规律。

Calorimetric study and thermal analysis of berberine sulphate

The heat capacities of berberine sulphate [(C20H18NO4)(2)SO4.3H(2)O] were measured from 80 to 390 K by means of an automated adiabatic calorimeter. Smoothed heat capacities,{H-T-H-298.15} and {S-T-S-298.15} were calculated. The loss of crystalline water started at about 339.3+/-0.2 K, and its peak temperature was 365.8+/-0.6 K. The peak temperature of decomposition for berberine sulphate was at about 391.4+/-0.4 K by DSC curve. TG-DTG analysis of this material was carried out in temperature range from 310 to 970 K. TG and DSC curves show that there is no melting in the whole heating process.

光合细菌N9281在家禽饲养与池塘养鱼中的应用

光合细菌Ｎ９２８１在家禽饲养与池塘养鱼中的应用＊中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所薛德林胡江春王书锦黑龙江省八五○农场刘军黑龙江省八五七农场谭国相１前言光合细菌（ＰｈｏｔｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃＢａｃｔｅｒｉａ简称ＰＳＢ）是一类古老的水生、水圈微生物，由于其能...

黄土丘陵区林草景观界面土壤养分分布特征和空间变异性研究

通过对泾河流域林草景观界面的土壤养分测定,分析比较界面中养分的分布特征及空间变异性。结果表明:该流域内的土壤养分分布不平衡,除钾素含量(22.977～25.183 g.k-g1)富足外,其他养分含量都很低;林地内养分含量高于草地(有机质含量高16.310%;水解氮含量高19.570%),在界面上养分变化较大,林内和草地内养分变化较小;界面上养分时空差异不明显,而层次之间差异显著。无论是林地还是草地,土壤各养分的变化是确定性变异和随机性变异共同作用的结果,且确定性的变化规律往往控制一定范围内土壤养分的变化和分布。

矿石中金的在线固相萃取及缝管火焰原子吸收测定

介绍了将流动注射在线固相萃取预浓集与石英缝管火焰原子吸收相结合测定矿石中金的方法。用ＸＡＤ８吸附树脂填充的微型柱（１００μｌ）在６ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ的流速下，从０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ介质的试样溶液中浓集金氯络合物，再用乙醇洗脱，最后由火焰原子吸收检测。在采样频率为１０３样／ｈ的流速下灵敏度提高４７倍，分析精度（ＲＳＤ）为１．３％（０．１μｇ／ｍｌＡｕ，ｎ＝１１），检出限为１．０μｇ／Ｌ（３σ）；在６５样／ｈ的采样频率下灵敏度提高９５倍，检出限可达０．６μｇ／Ｌ，对于矿石的检出限为０．０１５ｇ／ｔ，矿样消化液中加金的回收率为９１％～１０６％。

纳米TiO_2催化下表层土壤中BaP的紫外光降解

采用光解试验,研究了紫外照射与纳米TiO2联合作用下,土壤表层中苯并[a]芘(BaP)的降解动力学;同时考察了催化剂的浓度、土壤pH、腐植酸和光质对BaP的光催化降解的影响。结果表明,土壤中BaP的光催化降解表现为准一级动力学。催化剂TiO2可以明显地促进土壤中BaP的光降解,较少量的催化剂(0.5%)使光解的半衰期从363.22h减少到103.26h。H+和OH-离子对BaP的催化光解起促进作用,在酸性和碱性土壤中BaP光催化降解高于中性土壤,酸性土壤中的降解速率最快。腐殖质吸收紫外光照射时,产生的活性氧中间产物能够攻击BaP,添加腐植酸能增加土壤表层中BaP的光催化降解。BaP的光解半衰期从无外加腐植酸的89.34h,减少到添加浓度分别为5、10、20和40mg·kg-1的29.37、32.69、35.73和38.51h。BaP的催化降解随波长的增加而降低,在波长254、310和365nm下,BaP降解的一级动力学常数分别为0.0078h-1、0.0061h-1和0.005h-1。

南亚热带森林群落演替过程中林下土壤的呼吸特征

采用CI-310便携式光合作用系统及其附件,测定了广东省黑石顶自然保护区南亚热带森林演替系列中的马尾松林和松阔混交林林下土壤的呼吸速率。测定结果显示:在自然条件下,马尾松林土壤呼吸速率在1.650~4.0μmolCO2m-2s-1,松阔混交林土壤呼吸速率在1.70~3.950μmolCO2m-2s-1之间。林下土壤呼吸速率与温度和土壤空气相对湿度可用拟合,据此并结合当地气象资料推算出马尾松林和松阔混交林的年均土壤呼吸量分别为31.027、36.629 tCO2hm-2,后者高于前者。

湿地养分截留功能的空间模拟II.模型的完善和应用

对以实验数据为基础建立的初步空间模型进行了验证 ,并用 Maunder和 Mauring的线性回归模型对苇田子模型进行了修正。模拟结果显示 ,辽河三角洲 8万 hm2 苇田每年灌期大约可以去除 32 0 0～ 4 0 0 0 t总氮和 80 t的活性磷 ,但这仅相当于其潜力的 1 /1 0。因此 ,运用河口湿地作为富含营养物质河水入海前的最后过滤屏障 ,对于防止近海水体的富营养化具有重要意义。

水土保持林土壤抗蚀性能评价研究

运用土壤有机质含量、水稳性团聚体含量、水稳性团粒平均重量直径、团聚度和分散系数等各项指标 ,对不同树种组成、不同林龄水土保持林的土壤抗蚀性能进行分析、评价 .结果表明 ,水土保持林对于提高土壤抗蚀性能具有重要作用 ,这种作用主要针对表层土壤而言 ;与油松纯林相比 ,油松阔叶树混交林土壤有机质含量较高 ,水稳性团聚体含量增加了 1.71%～ 3 8.5 3 % ;且随着林龄的增长 ,水土保持林土壤抗蚀性能不断增强 .